Python+OpenCV實現鼠標畫瞄準星的方法詳解
所謂瞄準星指的是一個圓圈加一個圓圈內的十字線,就像玩射擊游戲狙擊槍開鏡的樣子一樣。這里并不是直接在圖上畫一個瞄準星,而是讓這個瞄準星跟著鼠標走。在圖像標注任務中,可以利用瞄準星進行一些輔助,特別是回歸類的任務,使用該功能可以使得關鍵點的標注更加精準。
關于鼠標回調函數的說明可以參考:opencv-python的鼠標交互操作
函數說明
import cv2后,可以分別help(cv2.circle)和help(cv2.line)查看兩個函數的幫助信息:
cv2.circle()
其中四個必選參數:
img:底圖,uint8類型的ndarray
center:圓心坐標,是一個包含兩個數字的tuple(必需是tuple),表示(x, y)
radius:圓半徑,必需是整數
color:顏色,是一個包含三個數字的tuple或list,表示(b, g, r)
其他是可選參數:
thickness:點的線寬。必需是大于0的整數,必需是整數,不能小于0。默認值是1
lineType:線的類型??梢匀〉闹涤衏v2.LINE_4,cv2.LINE_8,cv2.LINE_AA。其中cv2.LINE_AA的AA表示抗鋸齒,線會更平滑,畫圓的時候使用該類型比較好。
cv2.line()
line(img, pt1, pt2, color[, thickness[, lineType[, shift]]]) -> img
. @brief Draws a line segment connecting two points.
.
. The function line draws the line segment between pt1 and pt2 points in the image. The line is
. clipped by the image boundaries. For non-antialiased lines with integer coordinates, the 8-connected
. or 4-connected Bresenham algorithm is used. Thick lines are drawn with rounding endings. Antialiased
. lines are drawn using Gaussian filtering.
.
. @param img Image.
. @param pt1 First point of the line segment.
. @param pt2 Second point of the line segment.
. @param color Line color.
. @param thickness Line thickness.
. @param lineType Type of the line. See #LineTypes.
. @param shift Number of fractional bits in the point coordinates.
其中四個必選參數:
img:底圖,uint8類型的ndarray
pt1:起點坐標,是一個包含兩個數字的tuple(必需是tuple),表示(x, y)
pt2:終點坐標,類型同上
color:顏色,是一個包含三個數字的tuple或list,表示(b, g, r)
其他是可選參數:
thickness:點的線寬。必需是大于0的整數,必需是整數,不能小于0。默認值是1
lineType:線的類型??梢匀〉闹涤衏v2.LINE_4,cv2.LINE_8,cv2.LINE_AA。其中cv2.LINE_AA的AA表示抗鋸齒,線會更平滑,畫圓的時候使用該類型比較好。
簡單的例子
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import cv2
import numpy as np
def imshow(winname, image):
cv2.namedWindow(winname, 1)
cv2.imshow(winname, image)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
if __name__ == '__main__':
image = np.zeros((256, 256, 3), np.uint8)
center = (128, 128)
radius = 50
color = (0, 255, 0)
thickness = 2
pt_left = (center[0] - radius, center[1])
pt_right = (center[0] + radius, center[1])
pt_top = (center[0], center[1] - radius)
pt_bottom = (center[0], center[1] + radius)
cv2.circle(image, center, radius, color, thickness, lineType=cv2.LINE_AA)
cv2.line(image, pt_left, pt_right, color, thickness)
cv2.line(image, pt_top, pt_bottom, color, thickness)
imshow('draw_crosshair', image)
結果如下:

利用鼠標回調函數畫瞄準星
操作說明:
鼠標移動時以鼠標為圓心跟隨一個瞄準星
鼠標滾輪控制瞄準星的大小
+, -號控制鼠標滾輪時瞄準星的變化量
代碼如下:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import cv2
WIN_NAME = 'draw_crosshair'
class DrawCrosshair(object):
def __init__(self, image, color, center, radius, thickness=1):
self.original_image = image
self.image_for_show = image.copy()
self.color = color
self.center = center
self.radius = radius
self.thichness = thickness
self.increment = 5
def increase_radius(self):
self.radius += self.increment
def decrease_radius(self):
self.radius -= self.increment
self.radius = max(self.radius, 0)
def increase_increment(self):
self.increment += 1
def decrease_increment(self):
self.increment -= 1
self.increment = max(self.increment, 1)
def reset_image(self):
"""
reset image_for_show using original image
"""
self.image_for_show = self.original_image.copy()
def draw_circle(self):
cv2.circle(self.image_for_show,
center=self.center,
radius=self.radius,
color=self.color,
thickness=self.thichness,
lineType=cv2.LINE_AA)
def draw_crossline(self):
pt_left = (self.center[0] - self.radius, self.center[1])
pt_right = (self.center[0] + self.radius, self.center[1])
pt_top = (self.center[0], self.center[1] - self.radius)
pt_bottom = (self.center[0], self.center[1] + self.radius)
cv2.line(self.image_for_show, pt_left, pt_right,
self.color, self.thichness)
cv2.line(self.image_for_show, pt_top, pt_bottom,
self.color, self.thichness)
def draw(self):
self.reset_image()
self.draw_circle()
self.draw_crossline()
def onmouse_draw_rect(event, x, y, flags, draw_crosshair):
if event == cv2.EVENT_MOUSEWHEEL and flags > 0:
draw_crosshair.increase_radius()
if event == cv2.EVENT_MOUSEWHEEL and flags < 0:
draw_crosshair.decrease_radius()
draw_crosshair.center = (x, y)
draw_crosshair.draw()
if __name__ == '__main__':
# image = np.zeros((512, 512, 3), np.uint8)
image = cv2.imread('luka.jpg')
draw_crosshair = DrawCrosshair(image,
color=(0, 255, 0),
center=(256, 256),
radius=100,
thickness=2)
cv2.namedWindow(WIN_NAME, 1)
cv2.setMouseCallback(WIN_NAME, onmouse_draw_rect, draw_crosshair)
while True:
cv2.imshow(WIN_NAME, draw_crosshair.image_for_show)
key = cv2.waitKey(30)
if key == 27: # ESC
break
elif key == ord('+'):
draw_crosshair.increase_increment()
elif key == ord('-'):
draw_crosshair.decrease_increment()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
結果如下,有了瞄準星的輔助,我們可以更加精準地找到Luka的眼睛中心。同理,我們在做人臉關鍵點標注時,這個功能也可以讓我們更加精準地找到人眼睛的中心。

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