for 變量 in 可迭代對(duì)象:
    # 循環(huán)體
    # 每次迭代執(zhí)行這里的代碼

# 遍歷列表
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
for fruit in fruits:
    print(fruit)
# 遍歷字符串
for char in "Python":
    print(char)
# 使用range()函數(shù)
for i in range(5):  # 0到4
    print(i)
for i in range(2, 6):  # 2到5
    print(i)
for i in range(0, 10, 2):  # 0到9，步長(zhǎng)為2
    print(i)

# 同時(shí)獲取索引和值
for index, value in enumerate(fruits):
    print(index, value)
# 遍歷字典
person = {"name": "Alice", "age": 25, "city": "New York"}
for key in person:  # 遍歷鍵
    print(key)
for value in person.values():  # 遍歷值
    print(value)
for key, value in person.items():  # 同時(shí)遍歷鍵和值
    print(key, value)
# 并行遍歷多個(gè)序列
names = ["Alice", "Bob", "Charlie"]
ages = [25, 30, 35]
for name, age in zip(names, ages):
    print(name, age)
# 循環(huán)變量命名為_
import time
for _ in range(36):
    print('hello, world')
    time.sleep(1)

while 條件:
    # 循環(huán)體
    # 當(dāng)條件為True時(shí)執(zhí)行這里的代碼

# 基本while循環(huán)
count = 0
while count < 5:
    print(count)
    count += 1
# 無限循環(huán)（通常配合break使用）
while True:
    user_input = input("輸入'quit'退出: ")
    if user_input == "quit":
        print(f"你輸入了:{user_input},退出")
        break
    print(f"你輸入了: {user_input}")

for i in range(10):
    if i == 5:
        break
    print(i)  # 只打印0-4

for i in range(10):
    if i % 2 == 0:
        continue
    print(i)  # 只打印奇數(shù)

for i in range(5):
    print(i)
else:
    print("循環(huán)正常完成")
# 如果循環(huán)被break終止，else不會(huì)執(zhí)行
for i in range(5):
    if i == 3:
        break
    print(i)
else:
    print("這不會(huì)被執(zhí)行")

# 打印乘法表
for i in range(1, 10):
    for j in range(1, i+1):
        print(f"{j}×{i}={i*j}", end="\t")
    print()  # 換行
# 嵌套循環(huán)中的break和continue
for i in range(3):
    for j in range(3):
        if j == 1:
            break  # 只影響內(nèi)層循環(huán)
        print(i, j)

"""
輸入一個(gè)大于1的正整數(shù)判斷它是不是素?cái)?shù)
"""
num = int(input('請(qǐng)輸入一個(gè)正整數(shù): '))
end = int(num ** 0.5)
is_prime = True
for i in range(2, end + 1):
    if num % i == 0:
        is_prime = False
        break
if is_prime:
    print(f'{num}是素?cái)?shù)')
else:
    print(f'{num}不是素?cái)?shù)')

"""
輸入兩個(gè)正整數(shù)求它們的最大公約數(shù)
"""
x = int(input('x = '))
y = int(input('y = '))
for i in range(x, 0, -1):
    if x % i == 0 and y % i == 0:
        print(f'最大公約數(shù): {i}')
        break

"""
猜數(shù)字小游戲
"""
import random
answer = random.randrange(1, 101)
counter = 0
while True:
    counter += 1
    num = int(input('請(qǐng)輸入: '))
    if num < answer:
        print('大一點(diǎn).')
    elif num > answer:
        print('小一點(diǎn).')
    else:
        print('猜對(duì)了.')
        break
print(f'你一共猜了{(lán)counter}次.')

"""
輸出100以內(nèi)的素?cái)?shù)
"""
for num in range(2, 100):
    is_prime = True
    for i in range(2, int(num ** 0.5) + 1):
        if num % i == 0:
            is_prime = False
            break
    if is_prime:
        print(num)

"""
輸出斐波那契數(shù)列中的前20個(gè)數(shù)
"""
a, b = 0, 1
for _ in range(20):
    a, b = b, a + b
    print(a)

"""
找出100到999范圍內(nèi)的水仙花數(shù)
"""
for num in range(100, 1000):
    low = num % 10
    mid = num // 10 % 10
    high = num // 100
    if num == low ** 3 + mid ** 3 + high ** 3:
        print(num)

"""
百錢百雞問題
"""
for x in range(0, 21):
    for y in range(0, 34):
        for z in range(0, 100, 3):
            if x + y + z == 100 and 5 * x + 3 * y + z // 3 == 100:
                print(f'公雞: {x}只, 母雞: {y}只, 小雞: {z}只')
"""
百錢百雞問題2
"""
for x in range(0, 21):
    for y in range(0, 34):
        z = 100 - x - y
        if z % 3 == 0 and 5 * x + 3 * y + z // 3 == 100:
            print(f'公雞: {x}只, 母雞: {y}只, 小雞: {z}只')

"""
Craps賭博游戲
"""
import random
money = 1000
while money > 0:
    print(f'你的總資產(chǎn)為: {money}元')
    # 下注金額必須大于0且小于等于玩家的總資產(chǎn)
    while True:
        debt = int(input('請(qǐng)下 注: '))
        if 0 < debt <= money:
            break
    # 用兩個(gè)1到6均勻分布的隨機(jī)數(shù)相加模擬搖兩顆色子得到的點(diǎn)數(shù)
    first_point = random.randrange(1, 7) + random.randrange(1, 7)