關于跨域無效的問題及解決(java后端方案)
通用后端跨域方法
1、@CrossOrigin 注解
在Spring Boot 中給我們提供了一個注解 @CrossOrigin 來實現(xiàn)跨域,這個注解可以實現(xiàn)方法級別的細粒度的跨域控制。
我們可以在類或者方添加該注解,如果在類上添加該注解,該類下的所有接口都可以通過跨域訪問,如果在方法上添加注解,那么僅僅只限于加注解的方法可以訪問。
@Slf4j
@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = AppPath.SERVICE_LOCATION_URL + "/appointment")
@Api(value = "AppointmentController",tags = "預約列表接口")
@CrossOrigin
public class AppointmentController {
@Autowired
private LiveAppointmentService appointmentService;
@RequestMapping
@ApiOperation(value = "預約列表分頁查詢", response = CsLiveAppointmentDTO.class)
public JsonResult<PageInfo> getAppointmentList(AppointmentListDTO dto){
log.info("getAppointmentList vo:{}", JSONUtil.toJsonStr(dto));
PageInfo<CsLiveAppointmentDTO> appointmentList = appointmentService.getAppointmentList(dto);
return JsonResult.success(appointmentList);
}
}@CrossOrigin 注解不生效問題
在Spring框架4.2版本后,Spring給出了注解的方式解決問題。
即在Controller控制器中,在Controller注解上方添加@CrossOrigin注解。
但是使用這種方式后也有可能仍然出現(xiàn)跨域問題,解決方案就是:
- 在@RequestMapping注解中沒有指定Get、Post方式,或者使用@GetMapping或者@Post Mapping
- 在@CrossOrigin(methods = {RequestMethod.POST})指定方法
@Slf4j
@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = AppPath.SERVICE_LOCATION_URL + "/appointment")
@Api(value = "AppointmentController",tags = "預約列表接口")
@CrossOrigin
public class AppointmentController {
@Autowired
private LiveAppointmentService appointmentService;
@ApiOperation(value = "預約列表分頁查詢", response = CsLiveAppointmentDTO.class)
//@GetMapping("getList")
@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
public JsonResult<PageInfo> getAppointmentList(AppointmentListDTO dto){
log.info("getAppointmentList vo:{}", JSONUtil.toJsonStr(dto));
PageInfo<CsLiveAppointmentDTO> appointmentList = appointmentService.getAppointmentList(dto);
return JsonResult.success(appointmentList);
}
}2、springboot2.0 實現(xiàn)WebMvcConfigurer 實現(xiàn)跨域
@Configuration
public class WebMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
@Override
public void addCorsMappings(CorsRegistry registry) {
registry.addMapping("/**")
.allowedOrigins("*")
.allowedMethods("POST","GET","OPTIONS")
.allowedHeaders("*")
.allowCredentials(false).maxAge(3600);
}
}
3、過濾器實現(xiàn)跨域
@WebFilter(filterName = "CorsFilter")
@Configuration
@Order(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE)
@Slf4j
public class CorsFilter implements Filter {
@Value("${allow.headers:X-Requested-With,Authorization,Content-Type}")
private String allowHeaders;
@Value("${allow.origin:https://xxx.com}")
private String allowOrigin;
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) res;
// response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "http://xxx:9091");
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials", "true");
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "POST, GET, PATCH,OPTIONS, DELETE, PUT");
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Max-Age", "3600");
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", allowHeaders);
// response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "*");
log.info("CorsFilter res {},{}", response.getHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin"), response.containsHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin"));
chain.doFilter(req, res);
}
}
跨域不生效問題
(1)、@Order(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE)如果有登錄攔截,要將跨域filter等級提升為最高優(yōu)先級
(2)、 response.setHeader(“Access-Control-Allow-Headers”, “");
- Access-Control-Allow-Headers: * 在部分客戶端上有兼容問題,MDN中介紹 Access-Control-Allow-Headers: * 有兩重意思。
- 一個是在服務端設置Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true的時候這個 * 只會被客戶端當做字符串 * (我們不希望的,會出錯的)。
- 另一個是沒有這個設置則會被當做通配符(我們希望的,不會出錯的)。
- 猜測是客戶端對于 * 的實現(xiàn)上有兼容性問題,所以建議不要這樣設置,用到什么設置什么最好,例如:Access-Control-Allow-Headers: Content-Type,X-Requested-With,Authorization。
(3)、 response.setHeader(“Access-Control-Allow-Origin”, "”)
//指定允許其他域名訪問 ‘Access-Control-Allow-Origin:http://172.80.0.206'//一般用法(,指定域,動態(tài)設置),3是因為不允許攜帶認證頭和cookies //是否允許后續(xù)請求攜帶認證信息(cookies),該值只能是true,否則不返回
(4)、 response.setHeader(“Access-Control-Allow-Methods”, “POST, GET, PATCH,OPTIONS, DELETE, PUT”);OPTIONS 在預檢請求復雜請求中也會使用到
(5)、 如果有spring security結合使用需要添加該過濾器
@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity security) throws Exception {
security.csrf().disable();
security.headers().frameOptions().disable();
//加入過濾器
security.addFilterBefore(new CORSFilter(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
}
}4、定制化參數實現(xiàn)跨域
前面要么是*,實際需求是根據業(yè)務參數定制化
@WebFilter(filterName = "corsFilter", urlPatterns = "/*",
initParams = {@WebInitParam(name = "allowOrigin", value = "*"),
@WebInitParam(name = "allowMethods", value = "GET,POST,PUT,DELETE,OPTIONS"),
@WebInitParam(name = "allowCredentials", value = "true"),
@WebInitParam(name = "allowHeaders", value = "Content-Type,X-Token")})
public class CorsFilter implements Filter {
private String allowOrigin;
private String allowMethods;
private String allowCredentials;
private String allowHeaders;
private String exposeHeaders;
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
allowOrigin = filterConfig.getInitParameter("allowOrigin");
allowMethods = filterConfig.getInitParameter("allowMethods");
allowCredentials = filterConfig.getInitParameter("allowCredentials");
allowHeaders = filterConfig.getInitParameter("allowHeaders");
exposeHeaders = filterConfig.getInitParameter("exposeHeaders");
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;
if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(allowOrigin)) {
if(allowOrigin.equals("*")){
// 設置哪個源可以訪問
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", allowOrigin);
}else{
List<String> allowOriginList = Arrays.asList(allowOrigin.split(","));
if (allowOriginList != null && allowOriginList.size() > 0) {
String currentOrigin = request.getHeader("Origin");
if (allowOriginList.contains(currentOrigin)) {
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", currentOrigin);
}
}
}
}
if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(allowMethods)) {
//設置哪個方法可以訪問
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", allowMethods);
}
if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(allowCredentials)) {
// 允許攜帶cookie
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials", allowCredentials);
}
if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(allowHeaders)) {
// 允許攜帶哪個頭
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", allowHeaders);
}
if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(exposeHeaders)) {
// 允許攜帶哪個頭
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Expose-Headers", exposeHeaders);
}
filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
}
@Override
public void destroy() {
}
}5、 使用SpringCloud網關GateWay實現(xiàn)跨域
原理和前面類似
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.cors.CorsConfiguration;
import org.springframework.web.cors.reactive.CorsWebFilter;
import org.springframework.web.cors.reactive.UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource;
import org.springframework.web.util.pattern.PathPatternParser;
@Configuration
public class CorsConfig {
@Bean
public CorsWebFilter corsFilter() {
CorsConfiguration config = new CorsConfiguration();
config.setAllowCredentials(Boolean.TRUE);//允許Cookie跨域
config.addAllowedMethod("*");
config.addAllowedOrigin("*");
config.addAllowedHeader("*");//不要設置成*,參考前面
UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource source = new UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource(new PathPatternParser());
source.registerCorsConfiguration("/**", config);
return new CorsWebFilter(source);
}
}
注:在下層服務不需要在做任何跨域配置,例如注解@CrossOrigin,否則會由于配置沖突導致依然出現(xiàn)跨域問題
6、nginx配置代理解決跨域問題
server {
listen 8000;
server_name localhost;
# / 表示匹配路徑為/的url
location / {
proxy_pass http://需要跨域的域名:5500;
}
# /user 表示訪問以/user 開頭 的地址 如/username,/user/find等
location /user {
proxy_pass http://需要跨域的域名:3000;
}
}7、nginx配置響應頭允許跨域
#
# Wide-open CORS config for nginx
#
location / {
#### 對OPTIONS請求,會設置很多的請求頭,并返回204
if ($request_method = 'OPTIONS') {
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*';
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET, POST, OPTIONS';
#
# Custom headers and headers various browsers *should* be OK with but aren't
#
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'DNT,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type,Range';
#
# Tell client that this pre-flight info is valid for 20 days
#
add_header 'Access-Control-Max-Age' 1728000;
add_header 'Content-Type' 'text/plain; charset=utf-8';
add_header 'Content-Length' 0;
return 204;
}
if ($request_method = 'POST') {
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*';
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET, POST, OPTIONS';
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'DNT,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type,Range';
add_header 'Access-Control-Expose-Headers' 'Content-Length,Content-Range';
}
if ($request_method = 'GET') {
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*';
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET, POST, OPTIONS';
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'DNT,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type,Range';
add_header 'Access-Control-Expose-Headers' 'Content-Length,Content-Range';
}
}
總結
以上為個人經驗,希望能給大家一個參考,也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。
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