Project
├── A:1.0
│   └── B:1.0
│       └── C:2.0
└── C:1.5

<!-- parent.pom -->
<dependencies>
    <dependency>A:1.0</dependency>
    <dependency>B:1.0</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!-- child.pom -->
<dependencies>
    <dependency>C:1.5</dependency>
    <dependency>A:2.0</dependency> <!-- 此聲明不會(huì)覆蓋父POM的A:1.0 -->
</dependencies>

<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>X:3.0</dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
    <dependency>X:2.5</dependency>
    <dependency>Y:1.0</dependency>
</dependencies>

public class VersionChecker {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ClassLoader classLoader = ConflictClass.class.getClassLoader();
        URL resource = classLoader.getResource("com/example/ConflictClass.class");
        System.out.println("Loaded from: " + resource.getPath());
    }
}

# 包含作用域信息
mvn dependency:tree -Dscope=compile
# 以Graphviz格式輸出
mvn dependency:tree -DoutputType=dot -DoutputFile=dependencies.dot
# 過(guò)濾特定groupId
mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.springframework.*
# 顯示沖突警告
mvn dependency:tree -Dverbose

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-enforcer-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>3.1.0</version>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <id>enforce</id>
            <phase>validate</phase>
            <goals><goal>enforce</goal></goals>
            <configuration>
                <rules>
                    <dependencyConvergence/>
                    <banDuplicatePomDependencyVersions/>
                    <requireSameVersions>
                        <dependencies>
                            <dependency>org.slf4j:slf4j-api</dependency>
                        </dependencies>
                    </requireSameVersions>
                </rules>
            </configuration>
        </execution>
    </executions>
</plugin>

public class CustomDependencyRule extends AbstractMojo implements Rule {
    public void execute(EnforcerRuleHelper helper) throws EnforcerRuleException {
        MavenProject project = (MavenProject) helper.evaluate("${project}");
        Map<String, List<Dependency>> dependencyMap = new HashMap<>();
        project.getDependencies().forEach(dep -> {
            String key = dep.getGroupId() + ":" + dep.getArtifactId();
            dependencyMap.computeIfAbsent(key, k -> new ArrayList<>()).add(dep);
        });
        dependencyMap.forEach((key, deps) -> {
            if (deps.stream().map(Dependency::getVersion).distinct().count() > 1) {
                throw new EnforcerRuleException("發(fā)現(xiàn)多版本依賴: " + key);
            }
        });
    }
}

<!-- 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)驅(qū)動(dòng)模塊 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    <version>8.0.28</version>
    <optional>true</optional>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
    <version>2.7.0</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 必須顯式添加數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)驅(qū)動(dòng) -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
    <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>

<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>2021.0.3</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.0</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-dependencies:2021.0.3</dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

[versions]
spring = "5.3.18"
[libraries]
spring-core = { module = "org.springframework:spring-core", version.ref = "spring" }

<properties>
    <spring.version>5.3.18</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>