/*
菜單類
(c) hele 2024
菜單類主要負(fù)責(zé)菜單的創(chuàng)建、修改、刪除，是包含菜單結(jié)構(gòu)組織和響應(yīng)函數(shù)的模型，用戶擁有充分的自主性，需要自定義菜單顯示和響應(yīng)函數(shù)
*/
class HeleMenu {
    private:
        void (*p_action)()=nullptr; //回調(diào)函數(shù)指針，菜單響應(yīng)函數(shù)
        void (*p_display)(string &name, vector<string> &content, unsigned int &index)=nullptr;//回調(diào)函數(shù)指針，菜單顯示函數(shù)
    public:
        string name; //當(dāng)前菜單名稱
        HeleMenu *p_father; //父節(jié)點(diǎn)指針，默認(rèn)NULL        
        vector<string> p_childrenName; //下級(jí)菜單項(xiàng)名稱，默認(rèn)empty無下級(jí)菜單
        vector<HeleMenu *> p_children; //下級(jí)菜單項(xiàng)，默認(rèn)empty無下級(jí)菜單  
        unsigned int index; //菜單項(xiàng)選擇指示位，默認(rèn)0      
        static HeleMenu * parseMenu(string bat, void (*p_display[])(string&, vector<string>&, unsigned int&), void (*p_action[])()); //解析腳本生成菜單
        HeleMenu(string name = "", HeleMenu *p_father = nullptr); //帶菜單名稱、父節(jié)點(diǎn)指針的構(gòu)造函數(shù)，默認(rèn)菜單名為無名，默認(rèn)父節(jié)點(diǎn)值為空
        void addToMenus(); //添加菜單項(xiàng)到菜單本
        void addValue(string value); //添加菜單單個(gè)葉節(jié)點(diǎn)
        int addValues(vector<string> values); //添加菜單葉節(jié)點(diǎn)
        void changeValue(string value); //修改菜單葉節(jié)點(diǎn)
        HeleMenu *getChild(unsigned int index = 0); //獲取指定序號(hào)的子節(jié)點(diǎn)，默認(rèn)第0項(xiàng)子節(jié)點(diǎn)
        string getValue(); //獲取菜單葉節(jié)點(diǎn)
        void removeAllItem(); //刪除菜單所有節(jié)點(diǎn)
        void attachAction(void (*p_action)()); //添加動(dòng)作回調(diào)函數(shù)
        void attachDisplay(void (*p_display)(string&, vector<string>&, unsigned int&)); //添加顯示回調(diào)函數(shù) 0.菜單名，1.顯示內(nèi)容，2.選中項(xiàng)
        void action(); //菜單響應(yīng)函數(shù)
        void display(); //菜單顯示函數(shù)
};

/*解析腳本生成菜單*/
HeleMenu * HeleMenu::parseMenu(string bat, void (*p_display[])(string&, vector<string>&, unsigned int&), void (*p_action[])()) {
 vector<char> stack_simul; //符號(hào)棧
 vector<HeleMenu*> stack_p; //指針棧
 vector<string> stack_name; //名稱棧
 HeleMenu * root = nullptr; //初始化根菜單指針
 uint8_t countAction = 0;
 for (uint8_t i = 0; i < bat.length();) {
  string name = ""; //菜單名
  uint8_t step = 0; //菜單名長(zhǎng)，即距下次讀取的步長(zhǎng)
  char a = bat[i];
  if ('{' == a) { //有子菜單
   HeleMenu *father = nullptr;
   if (stack_p.size() > 0) { //有父菜單
    father = stack_p.back(); //彈出指針棧
   }
   if (stack_name.size() > 0) {
    name = stack_name.back(); //讀取名稱
   }
   HeleMenu * m1 = new HeleMenu(name, father); //構(gòu)建菜單
   m1->attachDisplay(p_display[countAction]);
   m1->attachAction(p_action[countAction++]);
   m1->addToMenus();
   stack_simul.push_back('{'); //壓入符號(hào)棧
   stack_p.push_back(m1); //壓入菜單指針
   i++;
  } else if ('}' == a) { //子菜單結(jié)束
   stack_simul.pop_back(); //彈出符號(hào)棧
   root = stack_p.back(); //彈出菜單指針棧
   stack_p.pop_back();
   stack_name.pop_back(); //彈出名稱棧
   i++;
  } else if (',' == a) {
   i++;
  } else { //若有菜單名或值
   for (uint8_t j = i; j < bat.length() && '{' != bat[j] && '}' != bat[j] && ',' != bat[j]; j++,step++) { //讀菜單名或值
    name.append(&bat[0]+j,1); //適應(yīng)中文
   }
   stack_name.push_back(name);
   i += step;
   if (stack_simul.size() > 0 && '{' == stack_simul.back() && ('}' == bat[i] || ',' == bat[i])) { //若為值
    stack_p.back()->addValue(name);
   }
  } 
 }
 return root;
}
/*帶菜單名稱、父節(jié)點(diǎn)指針的構(gòu)造函數(shù)，默認(rèn)菜單名為無名，默認(rèn)父節(jié)點(diǎn)值為空*/
HeleMenu::HeleMenu(string name, HeleMenu *p_father) {
 this->name = name;
    this->p_father = p_father;
    this->index = 0;
    this->p_action = nullptr;
    this->p_display = nullptr;
}
/*添加菜單項(xiàng)到菜單本*/
void HeleMenu::addToMenus() {
 if (this->p_father != nullptr) {
  this->p_father->p_childrenName.push_back(this->name); //賦予菜單內(nèi)容
  this->p_father->p_children.push_back(this); //將菜單指針注冊(cè)到父菜單 
 }
}
/*添加菜單單個(gè)葉節(jié)點(diǎn)*/
void HeleMenu::addValue(string value) {
 this->p_childrenName.push_back(value);
 this->p_children.push_back(nullptr); //添加空指針，表示無下級(jí)菜單，即葉節(jié)點(diǎn)
}
/*添加菜單葉節(jié)點(diǎn)*/
int HeleMenu::addValues(vector<string> values) {
 unsigned int i = 0;
 for (; i < values.size(); i++) {
  this->p_childrenName.push_back(values[i]); //賦予值項(xiàng)
  this->p_children.push_back(nullptr); //添加空指針，表示無下級(jí)菜單，即葉節(jié)點(diǎn)
 };
 return i;
}
/*添加動(dòng)作回調(diào)函數(shù)*/
void HeleMenu::attachAction(void (*p_action)()) {
 this->p_action = p_action;
}
/*添加顯示回調(diào)函數(shù)*/
void HeleMenu::attachDisplay(void (*p_display)(string&, vector<string>&, unsigned int&)) {
 this->p_display = p_display;
}
/*菜單響應(yīng)函數(shù)*/
void HeleMenu::action() {
 this->p_action(); //回調(diào)動(dòng)作函數(shù)
}
/*將某項(xiàng)葉節(jié)點(diǎn)改成對(duì)應(yīng)值，實(shí)現(xiàn)菜單動(dòng)態(tài)顯示*/
void HeleMenu::changeValue(string value) {
 this->p_childrenName.at(this->index) = value;
}
/*菜單顯示函數(shù)*/
void HeleMenu::display() {
 this->p_display(this->name, this->p_childrenName, this->index); //回調(diào)顯示函數(shù)，1.顯示內(nèi)容，2.選中項(xiàng)
}
/*獲取指定序號(hào)的子節(jié)點(diǎn)*/
HeleMenu * HeleMenu::getChild(unsigned int index) {
 return this->p_children.at(index);
}
/*獲取某項(xiàng)葉節(jié)點(diǎn)值，實(shí)現(xiàn)菜單動(dòng)態(tài)顯示*/
string HeleMenu::getValue() {
 return this->p_childrenName.at(this->index);
}
/*刪除菜單所有節(jié)點(diǎn)*/
void HeleMenu::removeAllItem() {
 for(auto i:this->p_children) { //釋放子節(jié)點(diǎn)內(nèi)存
  free(i);
 }
 this->p_childrenName.clear();
 this->p_children.clear();
 this->index = 0; //序號(hào)防越界，恢復(fù)默認(rèn)值
}

/*
菜單瀏覽器類
(c)hele 2024
菜單瀏覽器主要負(fù)責(zé)菜單結(jié)構(gòu)的瀏覽
*/
class HeleMenuViewer {
 private:
  static HeleMenu *p_rootMenu, *p_currentMenu; //內(nèi)置根菜單指針、當(dāng)前菜單項(xiàng)指針
 public:
  static void init(HeleMenu *p_rootMenu); //初始化函數(shù)
  static HeleMenu * getCurrentMenu(); //獲取當(dāng)前菜單指針
  static HeleMenu * getRootMenu(); //獲取根菜單指針
  static void gotoFather(); //跳轉(zhuǎn)到父菜單
  static void gotoChild(); //跳轉(zhuǎn)到子菜單，序號(hào)指示在菜單類里
  static void gotoChild(unsigned int index, unsigned int selected=0); //跳轉(zhuǎn)到指定序號(hào)的菜單，默認(rèn)其選中子菜單第0項(xiàng)
  static void gotoRoot(); //跳轉(zhuǎn)到根菜單
  static void selectUp(); //向上選擇
  static void selectDown(); //向下選擇
  static void action(); //當(dāng)前菜單響應(yīng)
  static void display(); //顯示當(dāng)前菜單
};

/*初始化菜單管理類的內(nèi)置根菜單和當(dāng)前菜單指針為空指針*/
HeleMenu *HeleMenuViewer::p_rootMenu = nullptr;
HeleMenu *HeleMenuViewer::p_currentMenu = nullptr;
/*當(dāng)前菜單響應(yīng)*/
void HeleMenuViewer::action() {
    p_currentMenu->action();
}
/*顯示當(dāng)前菜單*/
void HeleMenuViewer::display() {
    p_currentMenu->display();
}
/*獲取當(dāng)前菜單指針*/
HeleMenu * HeleMenuViewer::getCurrentMenu() {
    return p_currentMenu;
}
/*獲取根菜單指針*/
HeleMenu * HeleMenuViewer::getRootMenu() {
    return p_rootMenu;
}
/*跳轉(zhuǎn)到父菜單*/
void HeleMenuViewer::gotoFather() {
    if (p_currentMenu->p_father != nullptr) {
        p_currentMenu = p_currentMenu->p_father;    
    }
}
/*跳轉(zhuǎn)到子菜單，序號(hào)指示在菜單類里*/
void HeleMenuViewer::gotoChild() {
    if (p_currentMenu->p_children.size() > 0 && p_currentMenu->p_children[p_currentMenu->index] != nullptr) { 防止無子項(xiàng)
        p_currentMenu = p_currentMenu->p_children[p_currentMenu->index];
    }
}
/*跳轉(zhuǎn)到指定序號(hào)的菜單，默認(rèn)其選中子菜單第0項(xiàng)*/
void HeleMenuViewer::gotoChild(unsigned int index, unsigned int selected) {
    if (index < p_currentMenu->p_children.size()) { //防止越界
        p_currentMenu->index = index; //更新菜單指示位置
        gotoChild();
        if (selected < p_currentMenu->p_children.size()) {
            p_currentMenu->index = selected;
        }
    }
}
/*跳轉(zhuǎn)到根菜單*/
void HeleMenuViewer::gotoRoot() {
    p_currentMenu = p_rootMenu;
}
/*初始化函數(shù)，為根菜單指針賦值*/
void HeleMenuViewer::init(HeleMenu *p_rootMenu) {
    HeleMenuViewer::p_rootMenu = p_rootMenu;
}
/*向下選擇*/
void HeleMenuViewer::selectDown() {
    if (p_currentMenu->p_childrenName.size() > 0) { //防除0錯(cuò)誤
        p_currentMenu->index = (p_currentMenu->index + 1) % p_currentMenu->p_childrenName.size();
    }
}
/*向上選擇*/
void HeleMenuViewer::selectUp() {
    if (p_currentMenu->p_childrenName.size() > 0) { //防除0錯(cuò)誤
        p_currentMenu->index = (p_currentMenu->index - 1 + p_currentMenu->p_childrenName.size()) % p_currentMenu->p_childrenName.size();
    }
}

##靜態(tài)庫(kù)生成與調(diào)用，用HeleMenu.cpp生成庫(kù)##
#編譯生成.o鏈接文件
g++ -c HeleMenu.cpp
#利用.o文件生成靜態(tài)庫(kù)，文件名必須以lib***.a形式命名
ar -crv libHeleMenu.a HeleMenu.o
#調(diào)用靜態(tài)庫(kù)生成目標(biāo)程序
g++ -o main.exe CreateAndShowMenu.cpp -L . -lHeleMenu
g++ CreateAndShowMenu.cpp libHeleMenu.a -o main.exe
-------------------------------------------------
##動(dòng)態(tài)庫(kù)生成與調(diào)用，用HeleMenu.cpp生成庫(kù)##
#生成.o鏈接文件
g++ -c HeleMenu.cpp
#利用.o文件生成動(dòng)態(tài)庫(kù)，文件名必須以lib***.so形式命名
g++ -shared -fpic -o libHeleMenu.so HeleMenu.o
#調(diào)用動(dòng)態(tài)庫(kù)生成目標(biāo)程序
g++ -o main.exe CreateAndShowMenu.cpp -L . -lHeleMenu
g++ CreateAndShowMenu.cpp libHeleMenu.so -o main.exe
-------------------------------------------------
代碼編譯優(yōu)化
-O0 禁止編譯器優(yōu)化，默認(rèn)此項(xiàng)
-O1 嘗試優(yōu)化編譯時(shí)間和可執(zhí)行文件大小
-O2 更多的優(yōu)化，嘗試幾乎全部的優(yōu)化功能，但不會(huì)進(jìn)行“空間換時(shí)間”的優(yōu)化方法
-O3 在-O2基礎(chǔ)上再打開一些優(yōu)化選項(xiàng)
-Os 對(duì)生成文件大小進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。會(huì)打開-O2開的全部選項(xiàng)，除了那些會(huì)增加文件大小的

/*手動(dòng)生成菜單*/
HeleMenu *m1 = new HeleMenu();
m1->attachDisplay(display_root);
m1->attachAction(action_root);
HeleMenuViewer::init(m1); //初始化根菜單
//    
HeleMenu *m2 = new HeleMenu("歷史記錄",m1);
m2->attachDisplay(display);
m2->attachAction(action);
m2->addToMenus();
m2 = new HeleMenu("操作",m1);
m2->addValues({"保存","不保存"});
m2->attachDisplay(display);
m2->attachAction(action_operate);
m2->addToMenus();
m2 = new HeleMenu("菜單",m1);
m2->attachDisplay(display);
m2->attachAction(action);
m2->addToMenus();
m1 = m2; //構(gòu)建下一層子菜單
m2 = new HeleMenu("對(duì)比度", m1);
m2->addValues({"1", "2", "3", "4"});
m2->attachDisplay(display_compare);
m2->attachAction(action_compare);
m2->addToMenus();
m1->addValues({/*對(duì)比度,*/ "全部清除","重啟","關(guān)機(jī)"/*,"校準(zhǔn)","關(guān)于"*/});
m2 = new HeleMenu("校準(zhǔn)",m1);
m2->addValue("確認(rèn)");
m2->attachDisplay(display);
m2->attachAction(action_adjust);
m2->addToMenus();    
m2 = new HeleMenu("關(guān)于",m1);
m2->addValue("(c)hele 2024\n這是一個(gè)菜單類，可以幫助你生成自定義菜單，同時(shí)還可以設(shè)置動(dòng)作");
m2->attachDisplay(display);
m2->attachAction(action);
m2->addToMenus();
HeleMenuViewer::gotoRoot();     //到達(dá)根菜單
while (true) { //啟動(dòng)
    system("cls");
    HeleMenuViewer::display();
    HeleMenuViewer::action();
}

/*腳本生成菜單*/
void (*p_display[])(string&, vector<string>&, unsigned int&) = {/*root*/display_root, /*log*/display, /*operate*/display, /*menu*/display, /*constrast*/display_compare, /*adjust*/display, /*about*/display};
void (*p_action[])() = {/*root*/action_root, /*log*/action, /*operate*/action_operate, /*menu*/action, /*constrast*/action_compare, /*adjust*/action_adjust, /*about*/action};
HeleMenu *m1 = HeleMenu::parseMenu("{歷史{},操作{save,unsave},菜單{對(duì)比度{1,2,3,4},clearAll,rePower,shutdown,校準(zhǔn){confirm},關(guān)于{(c)hele 2024，這是一個(gè)菜單}}}", p_display, p_action);
HeleMenuViewer::init(m1);
HeleMenuViewer::gotoRoot();     //到達(dá)根菜單
while (true) { //啟動(dòng)
    system("cls");
    HeleMenuViewer::display();
    HeleMenuViewer::action();
}

{
    log{
    },
    operate{
        save,unsave
    },
    menu{
        constrast{
            1,2,3,4
        },
        clearAll,
        rePower,
        shutdown,
        adjust{
            confirm
        },
        about{
            (c)hele 2024
        }
    }
}