Linux Shell echo命令輸出格式詳解
更新時間：2025年10月17日 09:49:54 作者：Yongqiang Cheng
本文介紹了echo命令的用法,包括基本輸出、換行控制、轉(zhuǎn)義字符處理、字體及背景顏色設(shè)置等選項,并說明了常用參數(shù)和特殊效果的實現(xiàn)方法
1.echo- display a line of text
Echo the STRING(s) to standard output.
echo [?ek??]：n. 回響，回聲，回音，映現(xiàn) v. 回響，回蕩，發(fā)出回聲，產(chǎn)生回響
1.1. User Commands
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ man echo
1.2. 內(nèi)容輸出后換行 (自帶換行符)
輸出內(nèi)容，然后輸出換行符號。
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo "yongqiang" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo yongqiang yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo "Yongqiang Cheng" Yongqiang Cheng (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo Yongqiang Cheng Yongqiang Cheng (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
1.3.-n- do not output the trailing newline (取消換行符)
取消輸出后行末的換行符號，內(nèi)容輸出后不換行。
trail [tre?l]：v. 跟蹤，追蹤，拖，磨蹭 n. 小徑，路徑，蹤跡，足跡
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo "Yongqiang Cheng" Yongqiang Cheng (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -n "Yongqiang Cheng" Yongqiang Cheng(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
如果加入 -n 選項，則在輸出內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，不會換行，直接顯示新行的提示符。
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo Yongqiang Cheng Yongqiang Cheng (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo Yongqiang; echo Cheng Yongqiang Cheng (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -n Yongqiang; echo Cheng YongqiangCheng (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
加分號表示一條語句的完結(jié)。
1.4.-e- enable interpretation of backslash escapes (支持反斜線控制的字符轉(zhuǎn)換)
檢索語句中的轉(zhuǎn)義符并執(zhí)行，需要使用雙引號 " "。
If -e is in effect, the following sequences are recognized:
\\ backslash - 輸出 \ \a alert (BEL) - 輸出警告音 \b backspace - 退格鍵，刪除左邊一個字符 \c produce no further output - 取消輸出行末的換行符，和 -n 選項一致 \e escape - Esc 鍵 \f form feed - 換頁符 \n new line - 換行符 \r carriage return - 回車鍵 \t horizontal tab - 水平制表符 \v vertical tab - 垂直制表符 \0NNN byte with octal value NNN (1 to 3 digits) - 按照八進制 ASCII 碼表輸出字符，其中 0 為數(shù)字 0，NNN 是三位八進制數(shù) \xHH byte with hexadecimal value HH (1 to 2 digits) - 按照十六進制 ASCII 碼表輸出字符，其中 hh 是兩位十六進制數(shù)
carriage [?k?r?d?]：n. 運輸，運費，舉止，儀態(tài)
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\\" \ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\a" (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
\b 刪除左邊一個字符。
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "yong\bqiang" yonqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "yongqiang\b" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
輸出內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，不會換行，且 \c 之后的內(nèi)容不輸出。
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "yongqiang" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "yongqiang\c" yongqiang(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "yong\cqiang" yong(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
\t 水平制表符，Tab 鍵。
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "Aaa\tBbb\tCcc" Aaa Bbb Ccc (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "Aaa\tBbb\tCcc\nDdd\tEee\tFff" Aaa Bbb Ccc Ddd Eee Fff (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
輸入八進制，打印對應(yīng)的 ASCII 碼。65 = \0101 = ‘A’
輸入十六進制，打印對應(yīng)的 ASCII 碼。65 = \x41 = ‘A’
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\0101\t\0102\t\0103\n\0104\t\0105\t\0106" A B C D E F (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\x41\t\x42\t\x43\n\x44\t\x45\t\x46" A B C D E F (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
\n 換行符
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "yong\nqiang" yong qiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "yongqiang\n" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
\f 換頁符
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "yong\fqiang" yong qiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "yongqiang\f" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
\r 光標(biāo)回到行首，后面輸出的內(nèi)容會覆蓋之前的輸出，可用于制作進度條。
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "yong\rqiang" qiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "yongqiang\rcheng" chengiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
\v 垂直制表符
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "yong\vqiang\vcheng"
yong
qiang
cheng
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
1.5. 設(shè)置打印字體顏色
\e[ 是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)格式，代表顏色輸出開始。\e[0m 是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)格式，代表顏色輸出結(jié)束。
字體顏色：30m=黑色，31m=紅色，32m=綠色，33m=黃色，34m=藍色，35m=洋紅，36m=青色，37m=白色。
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[30m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[31m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[32m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[33m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[34m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[35m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[36m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[37m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
字體顏色：1;30m=亮黑色，1;31m=亮紅色，1;32m=亮綠色，1;33m=亮黃色，1;34m=亮藍色，1;35m=亮洋紅，1;36m=亮青色，1;37m=亮白色。
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[1;30m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[1;31m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[1;32m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[1;33m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[1;34m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[1;35m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[1;36m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[1;37m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
1.6. 設(shè)置打印字體背景顏色
\e[ 是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)格式，代表顏色輸出開始。
\e[0m 是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)格式，代表顏色輸出結(jié)束。
背景顏色：40m=黑色，41m=紅色，42m=綠色，43m=黃色，44m=藍色，45m=洋紅，46m=青色，47m=白色。
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[40m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[41m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[42m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[43m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[44m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[45m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[46m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[47m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[1;40m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[1;41m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[1;42m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[1;43m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[1;44m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[1;45m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[1;46m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[1;47m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
1.7. 打印設(shè)置
\033 和 \e 效果相同。
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[4m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\033[4m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\033[4m yongqiang \033[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
閃爍顯示。
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\033[5m yongqiang \033[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
紅色字體，白色背景顯示。
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[31;47m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
1.8.-E- disable interpretation of backslash escapes (default)
禁用轉(zhuǎn)義字符。
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -e "\e[31;47m yongqiang \e[0m" yongqiang (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo -E "\e[31;47m yongqiang \e[0m" \e[31;47m yongqiang \e[0m (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
1.9.echo yongqiang cheng
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo yongqiang cheng yongqiang cheng (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ echo yongqiang cheng yongqiang cheng (base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
總結(jié)
以上為個人經(jīng)驗，希望能給大家一個參考，也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。
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