iOS UITextField最大字符數(shù)和字節(jié)數(shù)的限制詳解
前言
這里我給大家?guī)捉M測試用例可以一試,為啥不好用。
1、限制10個字節(jié),輸入2個Emoj之后是8個字節(jié)(一個Emoj是4個字節(jié)),此時再輸入一個中文,看看結果如何(中文的UTF8占3個字節(jié))
2、限制5個字符,一個Emoj是2個字符,其他都是一個。此時輸入兩個Emoj,再輸入中文,然后中文聯(lián)想試試。
就目前的情況來說,看了很多資料,并沒有一個通用的能限制字符數(shù)和字節(jié)數(shù)的封裝。這里全面進行了總結,并進行了封裝。歡迎大家下載。
一. 字符限制
1. 錯誤方法
常見的這種方法是錯誤的,會導致Emoj表情的截取問題
- (BOOL)textField:(UITextField *)textField shouldChangeCharactersInRange:(NSRange)range replacementString:(NSString *)string
{
if(range.length + range.location > textField.text.length)
{
return NO;
}
NSUInteger newLength = [textField.text length] + [string length] - range.length;
return newLength <= 5;
}
這種限制方法會導致拼音下出現(xiàn)這種情況,且無法輸入.無法輸入滿5個字符。在emoj表情也有問題

2. 推薦方法
使用rangeOfComposedCharacterSequencesForRange, 防止在range范圍內(nèi)整詞被截斷
- (void)textFieldDidChange:(UITextField *)textField
{
NSString *toBeString = textField.text;
UITextRange *selectedRange = [textField markedTextRange];
UITextPosition *position = [textField positionFromPosition:selectedRange.start offset:0];
// 沒有高亮選擇的字,則對已輸入的文字進行字數(shù)統(tǒng)計和限制,防止中文被截斷
if (!position){
if (toBeString.length > _maxLength){
//中文和emoj表情存在問題,需要對此進行處理
NSRange rangeRange = [toBeString rangeOfComposedCharacterSequencesForRange:NSMakeRange(0, _maxLength)];
textField.text = [toBeString substringWithRange:rangeRange];
}
}
}

二. 字節(jié)限制
1. 限制字節(jié)數(shù)
在UTF8中,英文和數(shù)字是1個字節(jié),漢子是3個字節(jié),emoji是3或者4個字節(jié)。這里的難度比上面更大,如果截取失敗,極有可能出現(xiàn)亂碼。這里我們的做法如下
- (void)textFieldDidChange:(UITextField *)textField
{
NSString *toBeString = textField.text;
//---字節(jié)處理
NSInteger bytesCount = strlen([textField.text UTF8String]);
if (bytesCount > _maxBytesLength) {
NSString *content = [textField.text subStrWithUtf8Len:(int)_maxBytesLength];
textField.text = content;
}
}
- (BOOL)textField:(UITextField *)textField shouldChangeCharactersInRange:(NSRange)range replacementString:(NSString *)string{
NSString * inputString = [textField.text stringByReplacingCharactersInRange:range withString:string];
//限制字節(jié)數(shù)
if ([inputString length] > 0){
NSInteger len = strlen([inputString UTF8String]);
if (len > _maxBytesLength){
return NO;
}
else {
return YES;
}
}
return YES;
}
這里不能只在進行限制,在textFieldDidChange中需要對中文聯(lián)想做處理才行
三. 放棄鍵盤
1. 能拿到uitextfield的時候用
- (BOOL)textFieldShouldReturn:(UITextField *)textField
{
return [textField resignFirstResponder];
}
2. 點擊view消失的時候用
[self.view endEditing:YES];
3. 難以獲取的時候用
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] sendAction:@selector(resignFirstResponder) to:nil from:nil forEvent:nil];
或者
[[[UIApplication sharedApplication] keyWindow] endEditing:YES];
4.Tableview點擊空白處或者滾動時消失
{
UITapGestureRecognizer *singleTap = [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(fingerTapped:)];
[self.view addGestureRecognizer:singleTap];
}
#pragma mark- 鍵盤消失
-(void)fingerTapped:(UITapGestureRecognizer *)gestureRecognizer{
[self.view endEditing:YES];
}
-(void)scrollViewWillBeginDragging:(UIScrollView *)scrollView{
[self.view endEditing:YES];
}
四. 正則表達式限制
請參考 正則表達式語法表 ,這里我提供了兩種表達式給大家參考,一個Int,一個無unsignedInt
-(BOOL) isTextFieldMatchWithRegularExpression:(NSString *)exporession{
NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@",exporession];
return [predicate evaluateWithObject:self];
}
-(BOOL) isTextFieldIntValue{
return [self isTextFieldMatchWithRegularExpression:@"[-]{0,1}[0-9]*"];
}
-(BOOL) isTextFieldUnsignedIntValue{
return [self isTextFieldMatchWithRegularExpression:@"[0-9]+"];
}
五. UITextfield的鍵盤事件多次回調(diào)問題
1.鍵盤高度遮擋問題
一般出現(xiàn)遮擋的時候我們用以下代碼,看看當前textfield是否在鍵盤下面,在的話算出鍵盤的頂端和textfield的底部的距離,然后做偏移動畫
- (void)keyboardWillShow:(NSNotification *)notification {
NSDictionary *userInfo = [notification userInfo];
NSValue* aValue = [userInfo objectForKey:UIKeyboardFrameEndUserInfoKey];
CGRect keyboardRect = [aValue CGRectValue];
keyboardRect = [self.view convertRect:keyboardRect fromView:nil];
CGFloat keyboardTop = keyboardRect.origin.y;
CGFloat offset = self.normalTextField.frame.size.height + self.normalTextField.frame.origin.y - keyboardTop;
NSValue *animationDurationValue = [userInfo objectForKey:UIKeyboardAnimationDurationUserInfoKey];
NSTimeInterval animationDuration;
[animationDurationValue getValue:&animationDuration];
if(offset > 0){
// Animate the resize of the text view's frame in sync with the keyboard's appearance.
[UIView beginAnimations:nil context:NULL];
[UIView setAnimationDuration:animationDuration];
CGRect rect = CGRectMake(0.0f, -offset,self.view.frame.size.width,self.view.frame.size.height);
self.view.frame = rect;
[UIView commitAnimations];
}
}
1、真機
如果使用了中文輸入法,注冊的keyboardWillShow會回調(diào)兩次。第一次是鍵盤默認高度216,第二次則是加了keyboard的導航欄的高度。
2、模擬器
第一次彈出鍵盤沒有問題

打印userinfo:
(lldb) po userInfo
{
UIKeyboardAnimationCurveUserInfoKey = 7;
UIKeyboardAnimationDurationUserInfoKey = "0.25";
UIKeyboardBoundsUserInfoKey = "NSRect: {{0, 0}, {414, 226}}";
UIKeyboardCenterBeginUserInfoKey = "NSPoint: {207, 849}";
UIKeyboardCenterEndUserInfoKey = "NSPoint: {207, 623}";
UIKeyboardFrameBeginUserInfoKey = "NSRect: {{0, 736}, {414, 226}}";
UIKeyboardFrameEndUserInfoKey = "NSRect: {{0, 510}, {414, 226}}";
UIKeyboardIsLocalUserInfoKey = 1;
}
此時我們?nèi)グ?23旁邊的小圓球會出現(xiàn)如下的圖:

打印userinfo:
(lldb) po userInfo
{
UIKeyboardAnimationCurveUserInfoKey = 7;
UIKeyboardAnimationDurationUserInfoKey = "0.25";
UIKeyboardBoundsUserInfoKey = "NSRect: {{0, 0}, {414, 271}}";
UIKeyboardCenterBeginUserInfoKey = "NSPoint: {207, 623}";
UIKeyboardCenterEndUserInfoKey = "NSPoint: {207, 600.5}";
UIKeyboardFrameBeginUserInfoKey = "NSRect: {{0, 510}, {414, 226}}";
UIKeyboardFrameEndUserInfoKey = "NSRect: {{0, 465}, {414, 271}}";
UIKeyboardIsLocalUserInfoKey = 1;
}
鍵盤被遮擋了。
總結:觀察結果,發(fā)現(xiàn)了這個規(guī)律,打印一下時間,還有一個問題就是,中文鍵盤第一次啟動的時候會回調(diào)兩次。
keyboardRect = [self.view convertRect:keyboardRect fromView:nil];
所以去掉這句話即可
六. 使用封裝的XXTextField
UITextView , UITextfield 中如果有keyboard的時候,需要一個自動彈起事件,以及彈起之后的content的偏移對父view的處理。如果每個頁面都實現(xiàn)一次會非常復雜。這里我們介紹一種自動化的處理機制。在此之前,先介紹一下文字處理框架.最后給大家推薦一下我寫的 XXTextField ,大家也可以在此基礎上自己添加一些正則表達式。
1.解決uiview中的textfield 遮擋問題
_textfieldName.keyboardType = UIKeyboardTypeDefault;
_textfieldName.inputType = XXTextFieldTypeOnlyInt;
_textfieldName.maxLength = 5;
_textfieldPwd.inputType = XXTextFieldTypeForbidEmoj;
#import "XXKeyboardManager.h"
@interface XXCorrectVC ()<XXKeyboardManagerShowHiddenNotificationDelegate>
@end
@implementation XXCorrectVC
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
[[XXKeyboardManager sharedInstance] setDelegate:self];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view from its nib.
}
#pragma mark- KeyBoardShow/Hidden
- (void)showKeyboardWithRect:(CGRect)keyboardRect
withDuration:(CGFloat)animationDuration
{
CGFloat offset = self.textFieldCorrect.frame.size.height + self.textFieldCorrect.frame.origin.y - keyboardRect.origin.y;
if(offset < 0){
return;
}
[UIView animateWithDuration:animationDuration
delay:0.f
options:UIViewAnimationOptionCurveEaseInOut animations:^{
CGRect rect = CGRectMake(0.0f, -offset,self.view.frame.size.width,self.view.frame.size.height);
self.view.frame = rect;
} completion:^(BOOL finished) {
}];
}
- (void)hiddenKeyboardWithRect:(CGRect)keyboardRect
withDuration:(CGFloat)animationDuration
{
[UIView animateWithDuration:animationDuration
delay:0.f
options:UIViewAnimationOptionCurveEaseInOut animations:^{
self.textFieldCorrect.frame = self.view.bounds;
} completion:^(BOOL finished) {
}];
}
@end
2.解決uitableview中鍵盤遮擋問題
/*
* 鍵盤要顯示的時候
*/
- (void)showKeyboardWithRect:(CGRect)keyboardRect
withDuration:(CGFloat)animationDuration{
CGSize kbSize = keyboardRect.size;
UIEdgeInsets contentInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(0.0, 0.0, kbSize.height, 0.0);
_baseTableView.contentInset = contentInsets;
_baseTableView.scrollIndicatorInsets = contentInsets;
// If active text field is hidden by keyboard, scroll it so it's visible
// Your app might not need or want this behavior.
CGRect aRect = self.view.frame;
aRect.size.height -= kbSize.height;
if (!CGRectContainsPoint(aRect, _activeCell.frame.origin) ) {
[_baseTableView scrollRectToVisible:_activeCell.frame animated:YES];
}
}
/*
* 鍵盤要消失的時候
*/
- (void)hiddenKeyboardWithRect:(CGRect)keyboardRect
withDuration:(CGFloat)animationDuration{
_baseTableView.contentInset = UIEdgeInsetsZero;
_baseTableView.scrollIndicatorInsets = UIEdgeInsetsZero;
}
總結
以上就是這篇文章的全部內(nèi)容了,希望本文的內(nèi)容對各位Android開發(fā)者們能有所幫助,如果有疑問大家可以留言交流。
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