php微信開(kāi)發(fā)之自定義菜單完整流程

更新時(shí)間：2016年10月08日 11:36:03 作者：da洋

這篇文章主要為大家詳細(xì)介紹了php微信開(kāi)發(fā)之自定義菜單完整流程,具有一定的參考價(jià)值，感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考一下

一、自定義菜單概述

自定義菜單能夠幫助公眾號(hào)豐富界面，讓用戶更好更快地理解公眾號(hào)的功能。開(kāi)啟自定義菜單后，公眾號(hào)界面如圖所示：

二、申請(qǐng)自定義菜單

個(gè)人訂閱號(hào)使用微博認(rèn)證、企業(yè)訂閱號(hào)通過(guò)微信認(rèn)證；可以申請(qǐng)到自定義菜單資格

服務(wù)號(hào)默認(rèn)有菜單權(quán)限。

三、獲得AppId 和AppSecert

AppId和AppSecret在開(kāi)發(fā)者中心-開(kāi)發(fā)者ID中，可以找到。

四、獲得Access Token

用appid和appsecert獲得access token，接口為

https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bi ... mp;secret=APPSECRET

程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)如下

$appid = ""; 
$appsecret = ""; 
$url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=$appid&secret=$appsecret"; 
$ch = curl_init(); 
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url); 
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE); 
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, FALSE); 
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1); 
$output = curl_exec($ch); 
curl_close($ch); 
$jsoninfo = json_decode($output, true); 
$access_token = $jsoninfo["access_token"];

你也可以直接在瀏覽器地址欄中，拼接出地址，執(zhí)行后，獲得如下數(shù)據(jù)

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

{"access_token":"N2L7KXa084WvelONYjkJ_traBMCCvy_UKmpUUzlrQ0EA2yNp3Iz6eSUrRG0bhaR_viswd50vDuPkY5nG43d1gbm-olT2KRMxOsVE08RfeD9lvK9lMguNG9kpIkKGZEjIf8Jv2m9fFhf8bnNa-yQH3g",  

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

"expires_in":7200}

參數(shù)說(shuō)明如下

其中的
N2L7KXa084WvelONYjkJ_traBMCCvy_UKmpUUzlrQ0EA2yNp3Iz6eSUrRG0bhaR_viswd50vDuPkY5nG43d1gbm-olT2KRMxOsVE08RfeD9lvK9lMguNG9kpIkKGZEjIf8Jv2m9fFhf8bnNa-yQH3g
就是access token。

或者使用官方的接口調(diào)試工具，地址為：
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/debug/cgi-bin/apiinfo?t=index&type=%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E8%8F%9C%E5%8D%95&form=%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E8%8F%9C%E5%8D%95%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%A3%20/menu/create

使用網(wǎng)頁(yè)調(diào)試工具調(diào)試自定義菜單接口

點(diǎn)擊檢查問(wèn)題得，得到

這樣也獲得了access token

五、組織菜單內(nèi)容

目前自定義菜單最多包括3個(gè)一級(jí)菜單，每個(gè)一級(jí)菜單最多包含5個(gè)二級(jí)菜單。一級(jí)菜單最多4個(gè)漢字，二級(jí)菜單最多7個(gè)漢字，多出來(lái)的部分將會(huì)以“...”代替。請(qǐng)注意，創(chuàng)建自定義菜單后，由于微信客戶端緩存，需要24小時(shí)微信客戶端才會(huì)展現(xiàn)出來(lái)。建議測(cè)試時(shí)可以嘗試取消關(guān)注公眾賬號(hào)后再次關(guān)注，則可以看到創(chuàng) 建后的效果。

目前自定義菜單接口可實(shí)現(xiàn)兩種類型按鈕，如下：

click：
用戶點(diǎn)擊click類型按鈕后，微信服務(wù)器會(huì)通過(guò)消息接口推送消息類型為event 的結(jié)構(gòu)給開(kāi)發(fā)者（參考消息接口指南），并且?guī)习粹o中開(kāi)發(fā)者填寫(xiě)的key值，開(kāi)發(fā)者可以通過(guò)自定義的key值與用戶進(jìn)行交互；
view：
用戶點(diǎn)擊view類型按鈕后，微信客戶端將會(huì)打開(kāi)開(kāi)發(fā)者在按鈕中填寫(xiě)的url值（即網(wǎng)頁(yè)鏈接），達(dá)到打開(kāi)網(wǎng)頁(yè)的目的，建議與網(wǎng)頁(yè)授權(quán)獲取用戶基本信息接口結(jié)合，獲得用戶的登入個(gè)人信息。

接口調(diào)用請(qǐng)求說(shuō)明

http請(qǐng)求方式：POST（請(qǐng)使用https協(xié)議） https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bi ... _token=ACCESS_TOKEN

請(qǐng)求示例

{ 
 "button":[ 
  {  
   "type":"click", 
   "name":"今日歌曲", 
   "key":"V1001_TODAY_MUSIC" 
  }, 
  { 
   "type":"click", 
   "name":"歌手簡(jiǎn)介", 
   "key":"V1001_TODAY_SINGER" 
  }, 
  { 
   "name":"菜單", 
   "sub_button":[ 
   {  
    "type":"view", 
    "name":"搜索", 
    "url":"http://www.soso.com/" 
   }, 
   { 
    "type":"view", 
    "name":"視頻", 
    "url":"http://v.qq.com/" 
   }, 
   { 
    "type":"click", 
    "name":"贊一下我們", 
    "key":"V1001_GOOD" 
   }] 
  }] 
}

參數(shù)說(shuō)明

返回結(jié)果

正確時(shí)的返回JSON數(shù)據(jù)包如下：

{"errcode":0,"errmsg":"ok"}

錯(cuò)誤時(shí)的返回JSON數(shù)據(jù)包如下（示例為無(wú)效菜單名長(zhǎng)度）：

{"errcode":40018,"errmsg":"invalid button name size"}

六、提交菜單內(nèi)容給服務(wù)器

菜單的JSON結(jié)構(gòu)為

{"button": [{"name":"天氣預(yù)報(bào)","sub_button":[{"type":"click","name":"北京天氣","key":"天氣北 京"}, 
{"type":"click","name":"上海天氣","key":"天氣上海"}, 
{"type":"click","name":" 廣州天氣","key":"天氣廣州"},{"type":"click","name":"深圳天氣","key":"天氣深圳"}, 
{"type":"view","name":"本地天氣","url":"http://m.hao123.com/a/tianqi"}]}, 
{"name":"方倍工作室","sub_button":[{"type":"click","name":"公司簡(jiǎn) 介","key":"company"}, 
{"type":"click","name":"趣味游戲","key":"游戲"}, {"type":"click","name":"講個(gè)笑話","key":"笑話"}]}]}

將以下代碼保存為menu.php，并且在瀏覽器中運(yùn)行該文件（比如 http://127.0.0.1/menu.php），將直接向微信服務(wù)器提交菜單

php 
 
$access_token = ""; 
 
$jsonmenu = '{ 
  "button":[ 
  { 
   "name":"天氣預(yù)報(bào)", 
   "sub_button":[ 
   { 
    "type":"click", 
    "name":"北京天氣", 
    "key":"天氣北京" 
   }, 
   { 
    "type":"click", 
    "name":"上海天氣", 
    "key":"天氣上海" 
   }, 
   { 
    "type":"click", 
    "name":"廣州天氣", 
    "key":"天氣廣州" 
   }, 
   { 
    "type":"click", 
    "name":"深圳天氣", 
    "key":"天氣深圳" 
   }, 
   { 
    "type":"view", 
    "name":"本地天氣", 
    "url":"http://m.hao123.com/a/tianqi" 
   }] 
  
 
  }, 
  { 
   "name":"瑞雪", 
   "sub_button":[ 
   { 
    "type":"click", 
    "name":"公司簡(jiǎn)介", 
    "key":"company" 
   }, 
   { 
    "type":"click", 
    "name":"趣味游戲", 
    "key":"游戲" 
   }, 
   { 
    "type":"click", 
    "name":"講個(gè)笑話", 
    "key":"笑話" 
   }] 
  
 
  }] 
}'; 
 
 
$url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/create?access_token=".$access_token; 
$result = https_request($url, $jsonmenu); 
var_dump($result); 
 
function https_request($url,$data = null){ 
 $curl = curl_init(); 
 curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, $url); 
 curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE); 
 curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, FALSE); 
 if (!empty($data)){ 
  curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POST, 1); 
  curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data); 
 } 
 curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1); 
 $output = curl_exec($curl); 
 curl_close($curl); 
 return $output; 
}
?>

或者使用官方的調(diào)試接口使用網(wǎng)頁(yè)調(diào)試工具調(diào)試該接口

提交成功后，重新關(guān)注后即可看到菜單。菜單效果類似如下：

七、響應(yīng)菜單點(diǎn)擊事件

在消息接口中處理event事件,其中的click代表菜單點(diǎn)擊,通過(guò)響應(yīng)菜單結(jié)構(gòu)中的key值回應(yīng)消息，view事件無(wú)須響應(yīng)，將直接跳轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)去

define("TOKEN", "weixin"); 
 
$wechatObj = new wechatCallbackapiTest(); 
if (!isset($_GET['echostr'])) { 
  $wechatObj->responseMsg(); 
}else{ 
  $wechatObj->valid(); 
} 
 
class wechatCallbackapiTest 
{ 
  public function valid() 
  { 
    $echoStr = $_GET["echostr"]; 
    if($this->checkSignature()){ 
      echo $echoStr; 
      exit; 
    } 
 } 
 
  private function checkSignature() 
  { 
    $signature = $_GET["signature"]; 
   $timestamp = $_GET["timestamp"]; 
    $nonce = $_GET["nonce"]; 
 
   $token = TOKEN; 
    $tmpArr = array($token, $timestamp, $nonce); 
    sort($tmpArr); 
    $tmpStr = implode( $tmpArr ); 
    $tmpStr = sha1( $tmpStr ); 
 
    if( $tmpStr == $signature ){ 
      return true; 
    }else{ 
      return false; 
    } 
  } 
 
  public function responseMsg() 
  { 
    $postStr = $GLOBALS["HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA"]; 
    if (!empty($postStr)){ 
      $postObj = simplexml_load_string($postStr, 'SimpleXMLElement', LIBXML_NOCDATA); 
    $RX_TYPE = trim($postObj->MsgType); 
 
     switch ($RX_TYPE) 
      { 
        case "text": 
          $resultStr = $this->receiveText($postObj); 
          break; 
        case "event": 
         $resultStr = $this->receiveEvent($postObj); 
          break; 
        default: 
          $resultStr = ""; 
         break; 
      } 
      echo $resultStr; 
    }else { 
      echo ""; 
     exit; 
    } 
  } 
 
  private function receiveText($object) 
  { 
    $funcFlag = 0; 
    $contentStr = "你發(fā)送的內(nèi)容為：".$object->Content; 
    $resultStr = $this->transmitText($object, $contentStr, $funcFlag); 
    return $resultStr; 
  } 
   
  private function receiveEvent($object) 
  { 
    $contentStr = ""; 
    switch ($object->Event) 
    { 
      case "subscribe": 
        $contentStr = "歡迎洋洋博客"; 
      case "unsubscribe": 
        break; 
      case "CLICK": 
        switch ($object->EventKey) 
        { 
          case "company": 
            $contentStr[] = array("Title" =>"公司簡(jiǎn)介",  
            "Description" =>"洋洋的博客",  
            "PicUrl" =>"http://discuz.comli.com/weixin/weather/icon/cartoon.jpg",  
            "Url" =>"weixin://addfriend/pondbaystudio"); 
            break; 
          default: 
            $contentStr[] = array("Title" =>"默認(rèn)菜單回復(fù)",  
            "Description" =>"您正在使用的是<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">洋洋的博客</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">", </span> 
            "PicUrl" =>"http://discuz.comli.com/weixin/weather/icon/cartoon.jpg",  
            "Url" =>"weixin://addfriend/pondbaystudio"); 
            break; 
        } 
        break; 
      default: 
        break;    
 
    } 
    if (is_array($contentStr)){ 
      $resultStr = $this->transmitNews($object, $contentStr); 
    }else{ 
      $resultStr = $this->transmitText($object, $contentStr); 
   } 
    return $resultStr; 
  } 
 
  private function transmitText($object, $content, $funcFlag = 0) 
  { 
    $textTpl = "<xml> 
<ToUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></ToUserName> 
<FromUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></FromUserName> 
<CreateTime>%s</CreateTime> 
<MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType> 
<Content><![CDATA[%s]]></Content> 
<FuncFlag>%d</FuncFlag> 
</xml>"; 
    $resultStr = sprintf($textTpl, $object->FromUserName, $object->ToUserName, time(), $content, $funcFlag); 
    return $resultStr; 
  } 
 
  private function transmitNews($object, $arr_item, $funcFlag = 0) 
  { 
    //首條標(biāo)題28字，其他標(biāo)題39字 
    if(!is_array($arr_item)) 
      return; 
 
    $itemTpl = "  <item> 
    <Title><![CDATA[%s]]></Title> 
    <Description><![CDATA[%s]]></Description> 
    <PicUrl><![CDATA[%s]]></PicUrl> 
    <Url><![CDATA[%s]]></Url> 
  </item> 
"; 
    $item_str = ""; 
    foreach ($arr_item as $item) 
      $item_str .= sprintf($itemTpl, $item['Title'], $item['Description'], $item['PicUrl'], $item['Url']); 
 
    $newsTpl = "<xml> 
<ToUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></ToUserName> 
<FromUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></FromUserName> 
<CreateTime>%s</CreateTime> 
<MsgType><![CDATA[news]]></MsgType> 
<Content><![CDATA[]]></Content> 
<ArticleCount>%s</ArticleCount> 
<Articles> 
$item_str</Articles> 
<FuncFlag>%s</FuncFlag> 
</xml>"; 
 
   $resultStr = sprintf($newsTpl, $object->FromUserName, $object->ToUserName, time(), count($arr_item), $funcFlag); 
    return $resultStr; 
  } 
} 
?>

八、菜單中獲取OpenID

由于菜單中只能填寫(xiě)固定的url地址，對(duì)于想要菜單中獲取用戶的OpenID的情況，可以使用OAuth2.0授權(quán)的方式來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。

URL中填寫(xiě)的地址為一個(gè)固定的回調(diào)地址。原理方法可以參考微信公眾平臺(tái)開(kāi)發(fā)(99) 自定義菜單獲取OpenID

<?php 
/* 
  洋洋的博客 
*/ 
 
define("TOKEN", "weixin"); 
$wechatObj = new wechatCallbackapiTest(); 
if (isset($_GET['echostr'])) { 
  $wechatObj->valid(); 
}else{ 
  $wechatObj->responseMsg(); 
} 
 
class wechatCallbackapiTest 
{ 
  public function valid() 
  { 
    $echoStr = $_GET["echostr"]; 
    if($this->checkSignature()){ 
      header('content-type:text'); 
      echo $echoStr; 
      exit; 
    } 
  } 
 
  private function checkSignature() 
  { 
    $signature = $_GET["signature"]; 
    $timestamp = $_GET["timestamp"]; 
    $nonce = $_GET["nonce"]; 
 
    $token = TOKEN; 
    $tmpArr = array($token, $timestamp, $nonce); 
    sort($tmpArr, SORT_STRING); 
    $tmpStr = implode( $tmpArr ); 
    $tmpStr = sha1( $tmpStr ); 
 
    if( $tmpStr == $signature ){ 
      return true; 
    }else{ 
      return false; 
    } 
  } 
 
  public function responseMsg() 
  { 
    $postStr = $GLOBALS["HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA"]; 
 
    if (!empty($postStr)){ 
      $postObj = simplexml_load_string($postStr, 'SimpleXMLElement', LIBXML_NOCDATA); 
      $fromUsername = $postObj->FromUserName; 
      $toUsername = $postObj->ToUserName; 
      $keyword = trim($postObj->Content); 
      $time = time(); 
      $textTpl = "<xml> 
            <ToUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></ToUserName> 
            <FromUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></FromUserName> 
            <CreateTime>%s</CreateTime> 
            <MsgType><![CDATA[%s]]></MsgType> 
            <Content><![CDATA[%s]]></Content> 
            <FuncFlag>0</FuncFlag> 
            </xml>"; 
      if($keyword == "?" || $keyword == "？") 
      { 
        $msgType = "text"; 
        $contentStr = '當(dāng)前時(shí)間是：'.date("Y-m-d H:i:s",time()); 
        $resultStr = sprintf($textTpl, $fromUsername, $toUsername, $time, $msgType, $contentStr); 
        echo $resultStr; 
      } 
    }else{ 
      echo ""; 
      exit; 
    } 
  } 
} 
?>

以上就是本文的全部?jī)?nèi)容，希望對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。

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