Android編程開發(fā)之打開文件的Intent及使用方法

更新時(shí)間：2015年10月19日 11:36:17 作者：非著名程序員

這篇文章主要介紹了Android編程開發(fā)之打開文件的Intent及使用方法,已實(shí)例形式分析了Android打開文件Intent的相關(guān)布局及功能實(shí)現(xiàn)技巧,具有一定參考借鑒價(jià)值,需要的朋友可以參考下

本文實(shí)例講述了Android編程開發(fā)之打開文件的Intent及使用方法。分享給大家供大家參考，具體如下：

在寫文件管理系統(tǒng)時(shí)會(huì)用到各種打開不同格式的文件的需求，由于Android系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)內(nèi)置了一些可以打開的系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用，但還是不能滿足需求，比如打開視頻文件、word等，需要安裝相應(yīng)的播放軟件才可以使用，這時(shí)程序會(huì)通過Intent查找可以使用的軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)通過代碼打開一個(gè)文件需要2部分，一部分是要獲取到不同文件的后綴，以便根據(jù)需求匹配相應(yīng)的Intent，另一個(gè)就是不同格式的文件打開的Intent不同

1、在values目錄下定義后綴數(shù)組文件fileendings

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<resources> 
<array name="fileEndingImage"> 
<item>.png</item> 
<item>.gif</item> 
<item>.jpg</item> 
<item>.jpeg</item> 
<item>.bmp</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingAudio"> 
<item>.mp3</item> 
<item>.wav</item> 
<item>.ogg</item> 
<item>.midi</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingVideo"> 
<item>.mp4</item> 
<item>.rmvb</item> 
<item>.avi</item> 
<item>.flv</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingPackage"> 
<item>.jar</item> 
<item>.zip</item> 
<item>.rar</item> 
<item>.gz</item> 
<item>.apk</item> 
<item>.img</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingWebText"> 
<item>.htm</item> 
<item>.html</item> 
<item>.php</item> 
<item>.jsp</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingText"> 
<item>.txt</item> 
<item>.java</item> 
<item>.c</item> 
<item>.cpp</item> 
<item>.py</item> 
<item>.xml</item> 
<item>.json</item> 
<item>.log</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingWord"> 
<item>.doc</item> 
<item>.docx</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingExcel"> 
<item>.xls</item> 
<item>.xlsx</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingPPT"> 
<item>.ppt</item> 
<item>.pptx</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingPdf"> 
<item>.p<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<resources> 
<array name="fileEndingImage"> 
<item>.png</item> 
<item>.gif</item> 
<item>.jpg</item> 
<item>.jpeg</item> 
<item>.bmp</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingAudio"> 
<item>.mp3</item> 
<item>.wav</item> 
<item>.ogg</item> 
<item>.midi</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingVideo"> 
<item>.mp4</item> 
<item>.rmvb</item> 
<item>.avi</item> 
<item>.flv</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingPackage"> 
<item>.jar</item> 
<item>.zip</item> 
<item>.rar</item> 
<item>.gz</item> 
<item>.apk</item> 
<item>.img</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingWebText"> 
<item>.htm</item> 
<item>.html</item> 
<item>.php</item> 
<item>.jsp</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingText"> 
<item>.txt</item> 
<item>.java</item> 
<item>.c</item> 
<item>.cpp</item> 
<item>.py</item> 
<item>.xml</item> 
<item>.json</item> 
<item>.log</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingWord"> 
<item>.doc</item> 
<item>.docx</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingExcel"> 
<item>.xls</item> 
<item>.xlsx</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingPPT"> 
<item>.ppt</item> 
<item>.pptx</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingPdf"> 
<item>.pdf</item> 
</array> 
</resources>df</item> 
</array> 
</resources>

2、定義OpenFiles工具類，只需傳輸File參數(shù)即可，然后通過返回的Intent打開文件

public class OpenFiles { 
//android獲取一個(gè)用于打開HTML文件的intent 
public static Intent getHtmlFileIntent(File file) 
{ 
Uri uri = Uri.parse(file.toString()).buildUpon().encodedAuthority("com.android.htmlfileprovider").scheme("content").encodedPath(file.toString()).build(); 
Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "text/html"); 
return intent; 
} 
//android獲取一個(gè)用于打開圖片文件的intent 
public static Intent getImageFileIntent(File file) 
{ 
Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT"); 
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); 
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file); 
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "image/*"); 
return intent; 
} 
//android獲取一個(gè)用于打開PDF文件的intent 
public static Intent getPdfFileIntent(File file) 
{ 
Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT"); 
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); 
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file); 
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/pdf"); 
return intent; 
} 
//android獲取一個(gè)用于打開文本文件的intent 
public static Intent getTextFileIntent(File file) 
{ 
Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT"); 
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); 
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file); 
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "text/plain"); 
return intent; 
} 
//android獲取一個(gè)用于打開音頻文件的intent 
public static Intent getAudioFileIntent(File file) 
{ 
Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP); 
intent.putExtra("oneshot", 0); 
intent.putExtra("configchange", 0); 
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file); 
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "audio/*"); 
return intent; 
} 
//android獲取一個(gè)用于打開視頻文件的intent 
public static Intent getVideoFileIntent(File file) 
{ 
Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP); 
intent.putExtra("oneshot", 0); 
intent.putExtra("configchange", 0); 
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file); 
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "video/*"); 
return intent; 
} 
//android獲取一個(gè)用于打開CHM文件的intent 
public static Intent getChmFileIntent(File file) 
{ 
Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT"); 
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); 
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file); 
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/x-chm"); 
return intent; 
} 
//android獲取一個(gè)用于打開Word文件的intent 
public static Intent getWordFileIntent(File file) 
{ 
Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT"); 
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); 
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file); 
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/msword"); 
return intent; 
} 
//android獲取一個(gè)用于打開Excel文件的intent 
public static Intent getExcelFileIntent(File file) 
{ 
Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT"); 
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); 
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file); 
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/vnd.ms-excel"); 
return intent; 
} 
//android獲取一個(gè)用于打開PPT文件的intent 
public static Intent getPPTFileIntent(File file) 
{ 
Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT"); 
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); 
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file); 
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"); 
return intent; 
} 
//android獲取一個(gè)用于打開apk文件的intent 
public static Intent getApkFileIntent(File file) 
{ 
Intent intent = new Intent(); 
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); 
intent.setAction(android.content.Intent.ACTION_VIEW); 
intent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(file), "application/vnd.android.package-archive"); 
return intent; 
} 
}

3、定義用于檢查要打開的文件的后綴是否在遍歷后綴數(shù)組中

private boolean checkEndsWithInStringArray(String checkItsEnd, 
String[] fileEndings){ 
for(String aEnd : fileEndings){ 
if(checkItsEnd.endsWith(aEnd)) 
return true; 
} 
return false; 
}

4、通過調(diào)用OpenFiles類返回的Intent，打開相應(yīng)的文件

if(currentPath!=null&¤tPath.isFile()) 
{ 
String fileName = currentPath.toString(); 
Intent intent; 
if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources(). 
getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingImage))){ 
intent = OpenFiles.getImageFileIntent(currentPath); 
startActivity(intent); 
}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources(). 
getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingWebText))){ 
intent = OpenFiles.getHtmlFileIntent(currentPath); 
startActivity(intent); 
}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources(). 
getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingPackage))){ 
intent = OpenFiles.getApkFileIntent(currentPath); 
startActivity(intent); 
}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources(). 
getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingAudio))){ 
intent = OpenFiles.getAudioFileIntent(currentPath); 
startActivity(intent); 
}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources(). 
getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingVideo))){ 
intent = OpenFiles.getVideoFileIntent(currentPath); 
startActivity(intent); 
}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources(). 
getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingText))){ 
intent = OpenFiles.getTextFileIntent(currentPath); 
startActivity(intent); 
}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources(). 
getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingPdf))){ 
intent = OpenFiles.getPdfFileIntent(currentPath); 
startActivity(intent); 
}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources(). 
getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingWord))){ 
intent = OpenFiles.getWordFileIntent(currentPath); 
startActivity(intent); 
}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources(). 
getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingExcel))){ 
intent = OpenFiles.getExcelFileIntent(currentPath); 
startActivity(intent); 
}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources(). 
getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingPPT))){ 
intent = OpenFiles.getPPTFileIntent(currentPath); 
startActivity(intent); 
}else 
{ 
showMessage("無法打開，請(qǐng)安裝相應(yīng)的軟件！"); 
} 
}else 
{ 
showMessage("對(duì)不起，這不是文件！"); 
}

希望本文所述對(duì)大家Android程序設(shè)計(jì)有所幫助。

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