MongoDB學(xué)習(xí)筆記(三) 在MVC模式下通過(guò)Jqgrid表格操作MongoDB數(shù)據(jù)

更新時(shí)間：2013年07月10日 12:04:32 作者：

下面我們將逐步講解怎么在MVC模式下將MongoDB數(shù)據(jù)讀取，并展示在前臺(tái)Jqgrid表格上。這個(gè)“簡(jiǎn)易系統(tǒng)”的基本設(shè)計(jì)思想是這樣的：我們?cè)谝晥D層展示表格，Jqgrid相關(guān)Js邏輯全部放在一個(gè)Js文件中，控制層實(shí)現(xiàn)了“增刪查改”四個(gè)業(yè)務(wù)，MongoDB的基本數(shù)據(jù)訪問(wèn)放在了模型層實(shí)現(xiàn)

看到下圖，是通過(guò)Jqgrid實(shí)現(xiàn)表格數(shù)據(jù)的基本增刪查改的操作。表格數(shù)據(jù)增刪改是一般企業(yè)應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)開(kāi)發(fā)的常見(jiàn)功能，不過(guò)不同的是這個(gè)表格數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)源是非關(guān)系型的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)MongoDB。nosql雖然概念新穎，但是MongoDB基本應(yīng)用實(shí)現(xiàn)起來(lái)還是比較輕松的，甚至代碼比基本的ADO.net訪問(wèn)關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)源還要簡(jiǎn)潔。由于其本身的“非關(guān)系”的數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)方式，使得對(duì)象關(guān)系映射這個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)對(duì)于MongoDB來(lái)講顯得毫無(wú)意義，因此我們也不會(huì)對(duì)MongoDB引入所謂的“ORM”框架。

一、實(shí)現(xiàn)視圖層Jqgrid表格邏輯

　　首先，我們新建一個(gè)MVC空白項(xiàng)目，添加好jQuery、jQueryUI、Jqgrid的前端框架代碼：
　　然后在Views的Home文件夾下新建視圖“Index.aspx”，在視圖的body標(biāo)簽中添加如下HTML代碼：

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

<div> 
    <table id="table1"> 
    </table> 
    <div id="div1"> 
    </div> 
</div>

接著新建Scripts\Home文件夾，在該目錄新建“Index.js”文件，并再視圖中引用，代碼如下：

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

jQuery(document).ready(function () { 

    //jqGrid初始化 
    jQuery("#table1").jqGrid({ 
        url: '/Home/UserList', 
        datatype: 'json', 
        mtype: 'POST', 
        colNames: ['登錄名', '姓名', '年齡', '手機(jī)號(hào)', '郵箱地址', '操作'], 
        colModel: [ 
             { name: 'UserId', index: 'UserId', width: 180, editable: true }, 
             { name: 'UserName', index: 'UserName', width: 200, editable: true }, 
             { name: 'Age', index: 'Age', width: 150, editable: true }, 
             { name: 'Tel', index: 'Tel', width: 150, editable: true }, 
             { name: 'Email', index: 'Email', width: 150, editable: true }, 
             { name: 'Edit', index: 'Edit', width: 150, editable: false, align: 'center' } 
             ], 
        pager: '#div1', 
        postData: {}, 
        rowNum: 5, 
        rowList: [5, 10, 20], 
        sortable: true, 
        caption: '用戶信息管理', 
        hidegrid: false, 
        rownumbers: true, 
        viewrecords: true
    }).navGrid('#div1', { edit: false, add: false, del: false }) 
            .navButtonAdd('#div1', { 
                caption: "編輯", 
                buttonicon: "ui-icon-add", 
                onClickButton: function () { 
                    var id = $("#table1").getGridParam("selrow"); 
                    if (id == null) { 
                        alert("請(qǐng)選擇行！"); 
                        return; 
                    } 
                    if (id == "newId") return; 
                    $("#table1").editRow(id); 
                    $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_UserId").attr("readonly","readOnly"); 
                    $("#table1").setCell(id, "Edit", "<input id='Button1' type='button' value='提交' onclick='Update(\"" + id + "\")' /><input id='Button2' type='button' value='取消' onclick='Cancel(\"" + id + "\")' />"); 
                } 
            }).navButtonAdd('#div1', { 
                caption: "刪除", 
                buttonicon: "ui-icon-del", 
                onClickButton: function () { 
                    var id = $("#table1").getGridParam("selrow"); 
                    if (id == null) { 
                        alert("請(qǐng)選擇行！"); 
                        return; 
                    } 
                    Delete(id); 
                } 
            }).navButtonAdd('#div1', { 
                caption: "新增", 
                buttonicon: "ui-icon-add", 
                onClickButton: function () { 
                    $("#table1").addRowData("newId", -1); 
                    $("#table1").editRow("newId"); 
                    $("#table1").setCell("newId", "Edit", "<input id='Button1' type='button' value='提交' onclick='Add()' /><input id='Button2' type='button' value='取消' onclick='Cancel(\"newId\")' />"); 
                } 
            }); 
}); 

//取消編輯狀態(tài) 
function Cancel(id) { 
    if (id == "newId") $("#table1").delRowData("newId"); 
    else $("#table1").restoreRow(id); 
} 

//向后臺(tái)ajax請(qǐng)求新增數(shù)據(jù) 
function Add() { 
    var UserId = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_UserId").val(); 
    var UserName = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_UserName").val(); 
    var Age = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_Age").val(); 
    var Tel = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_Tel").val(); 
    var Email = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_Email").val(); 

    $.ajax({ 
        type: "POST", 
        url: "/Home/Add", 
        data: "UserId=" + UserId + "&UserName=" + UserName + "&Age=" + Age + "&Tel=" + Tel + "&Email=" + Email, 
        success: function (msg) { 
            alert("新增數(shù)據(jù): " + msg); 
            $("#table1").trigger("reloadGrid"); 
        } 
    }); 
} 

//向后臺(tái)ajax請(qǐng)求更新數(shù)據(jù) 
function Update(id) { 
    var UserId = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_UserId").val(); 
    var UserName = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_UserName").val(); 
    var Age = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_Age").val(); 
    var Tel = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_Tel").val(); 
    var Email = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_Email").val(); 

    $.ajax({ 
        type: "POST", 
        url: "/Home/Update", 
        data: "UserId=" + UserId + "&UserName=" + UserName + "&Age=" + Age + "&Tel=" + Tel + "&Email=" + Email, 
        success: function (msg) { 
            alert("修改數(shù)據(jù): " + msg); 
            $("#table1").trigger("reloadGrid"); 
        } 
    }); 
} 

//向后臺(tái)ajax請(qǐng)求刪除數(shù)據(jù) 
function Delete(id) { 
    var UserId = $("#table1").getCell(id, "UserId"); 
    $.ajax({ 
        type: "POST", 
        url: "/Home/Delete", 
        data: "UserId=" + UserId, 
        success: function (msg) { 
            alert("刪除數(shù)據(jù): " + msg); 
            $("#table1").trigger("reloadGrid"); 
        } 
    }); 
}

二、實(shí)現(xiàn)控制層業(yè)務(wù)

　　在Controllers目錄下新建控制器“HomeController.cs”，Index.js中產(chǎn)生了四個(gè)ajax請(qǐng)求，對(duì)應(yīng)控制層也有四個(gè)業(yè)務(wù)方法。HomeController代碼如下：

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

public class HomeController : Controller 
{ 
    UserModel userModel = new UserModel(); 
    public ActionResult Index() 
    { 
        return View(); 
    } 

    /// <summary> 
    /// 獲取全部用戶列表，通過(guò)json將數(shù)據(jù)提供給jqGrid 
    /// </summary> 
    public JsonResult UserList(string sord, string sidx, string rows, string page) 
    { 
        var list = userModel.FindAll(); 
        int i = 0; 
        var query = from u in list 
                    select new
                    { 
                        id = i++, 
                        cell = new string[]{ 
                            u["UserId"].ToString(), 
                            u["UserName"].ToString(), 
                            u["Age"].ToString(), 
                            u["Tel"].ToString(), 
                            u["Email"].ToString(), 
                            "-"
                        } 
                    }; 

        var data = new
        { 
            total = query.Count() / Convert.ToInt32(rows) + 1, 
            page = Convert.ToInt32(page), 
            records = query.Count(), 
            rows = query.Skip(Convert.ToInt32(rows) * (Convert.ToInt32(page) - 1)).Take(Convert.ToInt32(rows)) 
        }; 

        return Json(data, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet); 
    } 

    /// <summary> 
    /// 響應(yīng)Js的“Add”ajax請(qǐng)求，執(zhí)行添加用戶操作 
    /// </summary> 
    public ContentResult Add(string UserId, string UserName, int Age, string Tel, string Email) 
    { 
        Document doc = new Document(); 
        doc["UserId"] = UserId; 
        doc["UserName"] = UserName; 
        doc["Age"] = Age; 
        doc["Tel"] = Tel; 
        doc["Email"] = Email; 

        try
        { 
            userModel.Add(doc); 
            return Content("添加成功"); 
        } 
        catch
        { 
            return Content("添加失敗"); 
        } 
    } 

    /// <summary> 
    /// 響應(yīng)Js的“Delete”ajax請(qǐng)求，執(zhí)行刪除用戶操作 
    /// </summary> 
    public ContentResult Delete(string UserId) 
    { 
        try
        { 
            userModel.Delete(UserId); 
            return Content("刪除成功"); 
        } 
        catch
        { 
            return Content("刪除失敗"); 
        } 
    } 

    /// <summary> 
    /// 響應(yīng)Js的“Update”ajax請(qǐng)求，執(zhí)行更新用戶操作 
    /// </summary> 
    public ContentResult Update(string UserId, string UserName, int Age, string Tel, string Email) 
    { 
        Document doc = new Document(); 
        doc["UserId"] = UserId; 
        doc["UserName"] = UserName; 
        doc["Age"] = Age; 
        doc["Tel"] = Tel; 
        doc["Email"] = Email; 
        try
        { 
            userModel.Update(doc); 
            return Content("修改成功"); 
        } 
        catch
        { 
            return Content("修改失敗"); 
        } 
    } 
}

三、實(shí)現(xiàn)模型層數(shù)據(jù)訪問(wèn)

　　最后，我們?cè)贛odels新建一個(gè)Home文件夾，添加模型“UserModel.cs”，實(shí)現(xiàn)MongoDB數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)訪問(wèn)代碼如下：

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

public class UserModel 
{ 
    //鏈接字符串(此處三個(gè)字段值根據(jù)需要可為讀配置文件) 
    public string connectionString = "mongodb://localhost"; 
    //數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)名 
    public string databaseName = "myDatabase"; 
    //集合名  
    public string collectionName = "userCollection"; 

    private Mongo mongo; 
    private MongoDatabase mongoDatabase; 
    private MongoCollection<Document> mongoCollection; 

    public UserModel() 
    { 
        mongo = new Mongo(connectionString); 
        mongoDatabase = mongo.GetDatabase(databaseName) as MongoDatabase; 
        mongoCollection = mongoDatabase.GetCollection<Document>(collectionName) as MongoCollection<Document>; 
        mongo.Connect(); 
    } 
    ~UserModel() 
    { 
        mongo.Disconnect(); 
    } 

    /// <summary> 
    /// 增加一條用戶記錄 
    /// </summary> 
    /// <param name="doc"></param> 
    public void Add(Document doc) 
    { 
        mongoCollection.Insert(doc); 
    } 

    /// <summary> 
    /// 刪除一條用戶記錄 
    /// </summary> 
    public void Delete(string UserId) 
    { 
        mongoCollection.Remove(new Document { { "UserId", UserId } }); 
    } 

    /// <summary> 
    /// 更新一條用戶記錄 
    /// </summary> 
    /// <param name="doc"></param> 
    public void Update(Document doc) 
    { 
        mongoCollection.FindAndModify(doc, new Document { { "UserId", doc["UserId"].ToString() } }); 
    } 

    /// <summary> 
    /// 查找所有用戶記錄 
    /// </summary> 
    /// <returns></returns> 
    public IEnumerable<Document> FindAll() 
    { 
        return mongoCollection.FindAll().Documents; 
    }  
}

四、小結(jié)

　　代碼下載：MongoDB_003.rar

　　自此為止一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單MongoDB表格數(shù)據(jù)操作的功能就實(shí)現(xiàn)完畢了，相信讀者在看完這篇文章后，差不多都可以輕松實(shí)現(xiàn)MongoDB項(xiàng)目的開(kāi)發(fā)應(yīng)用了。聰明的你一定會(huì)比本文做的功能更完善，更好。下篇計(jì)劃講解linq的方式訪問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)集合。

作者：李盼（Lipan）
出處：[Lipan] （http://www.cnblogs.com/lipan/）

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