PHP Class&Object -- PHP 自排序二叉樹的深入解析

更新時(shí)間：2013年06月25日 09:00:21 作者：

本篇文章是對PHP中的自排序二叉樹進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析介紹，需要的朋友參考下

在節(jié)點(diǎn)之間再應(yīng)用一些排序邏輯，二叉樹就能提供出色的組織方式。對于每個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)，都讓滿足所有特定條件的元素都位于左節(jié)點(diǎn)及其子節(jié)點(diǎn)。在插入新元素時(shí)，我們需要從樹的第一個(gè)節(jié) 點(diǎn)(根節(jié)點(diǎn))開始，判斷它屬于哪一側(cè)的節(jié)點(diǎn)，然后沿著這一側(cè)找到恰當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?，類似地，在讀取數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)，只需要使用按序遍歷方法來遍歷二叉樹。

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

<?php
ob_start();
// Here we need to include the binary tree class
Class Binary_Tree_Node() {
   // You can find the details at
}
ob_end_clean();
// Define a class to implement self sorting binary tree
class Sorting_Tree {
    // Define the variable to hold our tree:
    public $tree;
    // We need a method that will allow for inserts that automatically place
    // themselves in the proper order in the tree
    public function insert($val) {
        // Handle the first case:
        if (!(isset($this->tree))) {
            $this->tree = new Binary_Tree_Node($val);
        } else {
            // In all other cases:
            // Start a pointer that looks at the current tree top:
            $pointer = $this->tree;
            // Iteratively search the tree for the right place:
            for(;;) {
                // If this value is less than, or equal to the current data:
                if ($val <= $pointer->data) {
                    // We are looking to the left ... If the child exists:
                    if ($pointer->left) {
                        // Traverse deeper:
                        $pointer = $pointer->left;
                    } else {
                        // Found the new spot: insert the new element here:
                        $pointer->left = new Binary_Tree_Node($val);
                        break;
                    }
                } else {
                    // We are looking to the right ... If the child exists:
                    if ($pointer->right) {
                        // Traverse deeper:
                        $pointer = $pointer->right;
                    } else {
                        // Found the new spot: insert the new element here:
                        $pointer->right = new Binary_Tree_Node($val);
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // Now create a method to return the sorted values of this tree.
    // All it entails is using the in-order traversal, which will now
    // give us the proper sorted order.
    public function returnSorted() {
        return $this->tree->traverseInorder();
    }
}
// Declare a new sorting tree:
$sort_as_you_go = new Sorting_Tree();
// Let's randomly create 20 numbers, inserting them as we go:
for ($i = 0; $i < 20; $i++) {
    $sort_as_you_go->insert(rand(1,100));
}
// Now echo the tree out, using in-order traversal, and it will be sorted:
// Example: 1, 2, 11, 18, 22, 26, 32, 32, 34, 43, 46, 47, 47, 53, 60, 71,
//   75, 84, 86, 90
echo '<p>', implode(', ', $sort_as_you_go->returnSorted()), '</p>';
?>