docker部署MySQL時(shí)無法啟動(dòng)問題的解決方法

更新時(shí)間：2023年01月18日 15:19:02 作者：碼農(nóng)@cj

最近做項(xiàng)目,遇到這樣問題,docker中的mysql不能啟動(dòng),下面這篇文章主要給大家介紹了關(guān)于docker部署MySQL時(shí)無法啟動(dòng)問題的解決方法,文中通過實(shí)例代碼介紹的非常詳細(xì),需要的朋友可以參考下

一、安裝環(huán)境 ubuntu18 + docker

docker run -itd --name mysql-server -v /home/docker/share/mysql-server/log/:/var/log:rw -v /home/docker/share/mysql-server/data/:/var/lib/mysql:rw -v /home/docker/share/mysql-server/conf:/etc/mysql:rw -v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro --restart=always -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql

二、遇到無法啟動(dòng)的問題時(shí)，查看日志發(fā)現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤

docker logs --tail -n mysql-server

1、You need to specify one of the following as an environment variable:

- MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
- MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD
- MYSQL_RANDOM_ROOT_PASSWORD

2022-10-24 04:21:40+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Entrypoint script for MySQL Server 8.0.31-1.el8 started.
2022-10-24 04:21:40+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Switching to dedicated user 'mysql'
2022-10-24 04:21:40+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Entrypoint script for MySQL Server 8.0.31-1.el8 started.
2022-10-24 04:21:40+00:00 [ERROR] [Entrypoint]: Database is uninitialized and password option is not specified
? ? You need to specify one of the following as an environment variable:
? ? - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
? ? - MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD
? ? - MYSQL_RANDOM_ROOT_PASSWORD
2022-10-24 04:21:41+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Entrypoint script for MySQL Server 8.0.31-1.el8 started.
2022-10-24 04:21:41+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Switching to dedicated user 'mysql'

解釋：由于mysql沒有指定root的登錄密碼導(dǎo)致無法啟動(dòng)，默認(rèn)mysql配置是不允許空密碼登錄的

原因：上面執(zhí)行命令的時(shí)候?qū)戝e(cuò)了環(huán)境變量， MYSQL_SERVICE_PASSWORD 應(yīng)該修改成 MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD

2、mysqld: Can't read dir of '/etc/mysql/conf.d/' (OS errno 2 - No such file or directory)

2022-10-24 04:17:09+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Entrypoint script for MySQL Server 8.0.31-1.el8 started.
2022-10-24 04:17:09+00:00 [ERROR] [Entrypoint]: mysqld failed while attempting to check config
	command was: mysqld --verbose --help --log-bin-index=/tmp/tmp.4hy30uDmqE
	mysqld: Can't read dir of '/etc/mysql/conf.d/' (OS errno 2 - No such file or directory)
mysqld: [ERROR] Stopped processing the 'includedir' directive in file /etc/my.cnf at line 36.
mysqld: [ERROR] Fatal error in defaults handling. Program aborted!
2022-10-24 04:17:13+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Entrypoint script for MySQL Server 8.0.31-1.el8 started.
2022-10-24 04:17:13+00:00 [ERROR] [Entrypoint]: mysqld failed while attempting to check config

解釋：可能由于不同的mysql版本，/etc/mysql目錄下的結(jié)構(gòu)不一樣

原因：由于mysql的配置目錄/etc/mysql下有兩個(gè)空目錄，上面的執(zhí)行命令僅掛載了當(dāng)前目錄，導(dǎo)致里面的兩個(gè)目錄沒有權(quán)限掛載到宿主機(jī)內(nèi)，應(yīng)該將掛載目錄指定到具體的目錄下： -v /home/docker/share/mysql-server/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d:rw

3、mysqld: Can't create/write to file '/var/lib/mysql/is_writable' (OS errno 13 - Permission denied)

mysqld: Can't create/write to file '/var/lib/mysql/is_writable' (OS errno 13 - Permission denied)
2022-10-24T06:43:20.411035Z 0 [Warning] [MY-011068] [Server] The syntax '--skip-host-cache' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use SET GLOBAL host_cache_size=0 instead.
2022-10-24T06:43:20.411089Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.31) initializing of server in progress as process 40
2022-10-24T06:43:20.412290Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010460] [Server] --initialize specified but the data directory exists and is not writable. Aborting.
2022-10-24T06:43:20.412294Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-013236] [Server] The designated data directory /var/lib/mysql/ is unusable. You can remove all files that the server added to it.
2022-10-24T06:43:20.412593Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010119] [Server] Aborting
2022-10-24T06:43:20.412668Z 0 [System] [MY-010910] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Shutdown complete (mysqld 8.0.31)  MySQL Community Server - GPL.
2022-10-24 06:43:23+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Entrypoint script for MySQL Server 8.0.31-1.el8 started.
2022-10-24 06:43:24+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Initializing database files
mysqld: Can't create/write to file '/var/lib/mysql/is_writable' (OS errno 13 - Permission denied)

原因：啟動(dòng)時(shí)沒有足夠的權(quán)限， /var/lib/mysql目錄沒有寫權(quán)限，可能是部署docker時(shí)指定了--user xxx某個(gè)權(quán)限不足的用戶