PyQt5+serial模塊實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)串口小工具

更新時(shí)間：2023年01月13日 14:31:09 作者：SongYuLong的博客

這篇文章主要為大家詳細(xì)介紹了如何利用PyQt5和serial模塊實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的串口小工具，文中的示例代碼講解詳細(xì)，感興趣的小伙伴可以跟隨小編一起學(xué)習(xí)一下

串口簡(jiǎn)述

異步串行是指UART（Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter），通用異步接收/發(fā)送。UART是一個(gè)并行輸入成為串行輸出的芯片，通常集成在主板上。UART包含TTL電平的串口和RS232電平的串口。 TTL電平是3.3V的，而RS232是負(fù)邏輯電平，它定義+5+12V為低電平，而-12-5V為高電平，MDS2710、MDS SD4、EL805等是RS232接口，EL806有TTL接口。

串行接口按電氣標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及協(xié)議來(lái)分包括RS-232-C、RS-422、RS485等。RS-232-C、RS-422與RS-485標(biāo)準(zhǔn)只對(duì)接口的電氣特性做出規(guī)定，不涉及接插件、電纜或協(xié)議。

1.RS-232

也稱(chēng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)串口，最常用的一種串行通訊接口。它是在1970年由美國(guó)電子工業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)（EIA）聯(lián)合貝爾系統(tǒng)、調(diào)制解調(diào)器廠家及計(jì)算機(jī)終端生產(chǎn)廠家共同制定的用于串行通訊的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。它的全名是“ [1] 數(shù)據(jù)終端設(shè)備（DTE）和數(shù)據(jù)通訊設(shè)備（DCE）之間串行二進(jìn)制數(shù)據(jù)交換接口的技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”。傳統(tǒng)的RS-232-C接口標(biāo)準(zhǔn)有22根線，采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)25芯D型插頭座（DB25），后來(lái)使用簡(jiǎn)化為9芯D型插座（DB9），現(xiàn)在應(yīng)用中25芯插頭座已很少采用。
RS-232采取不平衡傳輸方式，即所謂單端通訊。由于其發(fā)送電平與接收電平的差僅為2V至3V左右，所以其共模抑制能力差，再加上雙絞線上的分布電容，其傳送距離最大為約15米，最高速率為20kb/s。RS-232是為點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)（即只用一對(duì)收、發(fā)設(shè)備）通訊而設(shè)計(jì)的，其驅(qū)動(dòng)器負(fù)載為3～7kΩ。所以RS-232適合本地設(shè)備之間的通信。 [2]

2.RS-422

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)全稱(chēng)是“平衡電壓數(shù)字接口電路的電氣特性”，它定義了接口電路的特性。典型的RS-422是四線接口。實(shí)際上還有一根信號(hào)地線，共5根線。其DB9連接器引腳定義。由于接收器采用高輸入阻抗和發(fā)送驅(qū)動(dòng)器比RS232更強(qiáng)的驅(qū)動(dòng)能力，故允許在相同傳輸線上連接多個(gè)接收節(jié)點(diǎn)，最多可接10個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)。即一個(gè)主設(shè)備（Master），其余為從設(shè)備（Slave），從設(shè)備之間不能通信，所以RS-422支持點(diǎn)對(duì)多的雙向通信。接收器輸入阻抗為4k，故發(fā)端最大負(fù)載能力是10×4k+100Ω（終接電阻）。RS-422四線接口由于采用單獨(dú)的發(fā)送和接收通道，因此不必控制數(shù)據(jù)方向，各裝置之間任何必須的信號(hào)交換均可以按軟件方式（XON/XOFF握手）或硬件方式（一對(duì)單獨(dú)的雙絞線）實(shí)現(xiàn)。

RS-422的最大傳輸距離為1219米，最大傳輸速率為10Mb/s。其平衡雙絞線的長(zhǎng)度與傳輸速率成反比，在100kb/s速率以下，才可能達(dá)到最大傳輸距離。只有在很短的距離下才能獲得最高速率傳輸。一般100米長(zhǎng)的雙絞線上所能獲得的最大傳輸速率僅為1Mb/s。

3.RS-485

是從RS-422基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展而來(lái)的，所以RS-485許多電氣規(guī)定與RS-422相仿。如都采用平衡傳輸方式、都需要在傳輸線上接終接電阻等。RS-485可以采用二線與四線方式，二線制可實(shí)現(xiàn)真正的多點(diǎn)雙向通信，而采用四線連接時(shí)，與RS-422一樣只能實(shí)現(xiàn)點(diǎn)對(duì)多的通信，即只能有一個(gè)主（Master）設(shè)備，其余為從設(shè)備，但它比RS-422有改進(jìn)，無(wú)論四線還是二線連接方式總線上可多接到32個(gè)設(shè)備。

RS-485與RS-422的不同還在于其共模輸出電壓是不同的，RS-485是-7V至+12V之間，而RS-422在-7V至+7V之間，RS-485接收器最小輸入阻抗為12kΩ、RS-422是4kΩ；由于RS-485滿足所有RS-422的規(guī)范，所以RS-485的驅(qū)動(dòng)器可以在RS-422網(wǎng)絡(luò)中應(yīng)用。

RS-485與RS-422一樣，其最大傳輸距離約為1219米，最大傳輸速率為10Mb/s。平衡雙絞線的長(zhǎng)度與傳輸速率成反比，在100kb/s速率以下，才可能使用規(guī)定最長(zhǎng)的電纜長(zhǎng)度。只有在很短的距離下才能獲得最高速率傳輸。一般100米長(zhǎng)雙絞線最大傳輸速率僅為1Mb/s。

注：以上內(nèi)容摘自百度百科。

引腳定義：

RX(Receive Data):接收數(shù)據(jù)
TX(Transmit Data):發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)
CTS(Clear To Send): 清除發(fā)送
RTS(Request To Send)：請(qǐng)求發(fā)送
DTR(Data Terminal Ready):數(shù)據(jù)終端準(zhǔn)備好
DSR(Data Set Ready):數(shù)據(jù)準(zhǔn)備好

如果UART只有RX、TX兩個(gè)信號(hào)，要流控的話只能是軟流控；

如果有RX，TX，CTS，RTS 四個(gè)信號(hào)，則多半是支持硬流控的UART；

如果有 RX，TX，CTS ，RTS ，DTR，DSR 六個(gè)信號(hào)的話，RS232標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的可能性比較大。

serial模塊

參數(shù)

方法

使用模板

1.初始化端口無(wú)指定參數(shù)

mSerial = serial.Serial()
mSerial.port = ‘COM9'
mSerial.baudrate = 115200
'''其它端口參數(shù)'''
m.Serial.open() # 打開(kāi)端口
mSerial.isOpen()
mSerial.read()
mSerial.write(b'hello world')

2.初始化端口指定端口號(hào)和波特率

mSerial = serial.Serial(‘COM9', 115200)
mSerial.isOpen()
mSerial.read()
mSerial.write(b'hello world')

3.初始化端口指定所有參數(shù)

mSerial = serial.Serial(port=‘COM9', baudrate=115200, bytesize=8, parity=‘N', stopbits=1, timeout=100, xonxoff=False, rtscts=False, dsrdtr=False)
mSerial.isOpen()
mSerial.read()
mSerial.write(b'hello world')

串口工具示例

主程序代碼

import sys
import serial
import serial.tools.list_ports

from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *

from ui_comport import Ui_MainWindow

class ComPortWindow(QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
    def __init__(self, parent=None) -> None:
        super(ComPortWindow, self).__init__(parent)
        self.setupUi(self)

        self.setWindowTitle('串口小工具')
        self.setWindowIcon(QIcon('./images/iconCOM9.png'))

        self.mSerial = serial.Serial()
        self.ScanComPort() # 掃描一次串口端口
        self.OnPortChanged()
 
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.setCurrentText("115200") # 設(shè)置默認(rèn)波特率
        self.comboBox_ByteSize.setCurrentText("8")      # 設(shè)置默認(rèn)數(shù)據(jù)位
        
        self.BtnScanPort.clicked.connect(self.ScanComPort)
        self.BtnOpenPort.clicked.connect(self.OpenComPort)
        self.BtnClosePort.clicked.connect(self.CloseComPort)
        self.BtnSendData.clicked.connect(self.SendData)
        self.BtnClearRecv.clicked.connect(self.ClearRecvText)
        self.BtnClearSend.clicked.connect(self.ClearSendText)
        self.comboBox_ComPort.currentIndexChanged.connect(self.OnPortChanged)

        # 串口接收數(shù)據(jù)定時(shí)器
        self.recvTimer = QTimer(self)
        self.recvTimer.timeout.connect(self.RecvData)

    def ClearRecvText(self):
        self.textBrowserRecvArea.clear()

    def ClearSendText(self):
        self.lineEdit_SendData.clear()

    def OnPortChanged(self):
        if len(self.portDict) > 0:
            self.label_CurrentPortName.setText(self.portDict[self.comboBox_ComPort.currentText()])

    def ScanComPort(self):
        self.portDict = {}
        self.comboBox_ComPort.clear()
        portList = list(serial.tools.list_ports.comports())
        for port in portList:
            self.portDict["%s" % port[0]] = "%s" % port[1]
            self.comboBox_ComPort.addItem(port[0])
        if len(self.portDict) == 0:
            QMessageBox.critical(self, "警告", "未找到串口", QMessageBox.Cancel, QMessageBox.Cancel)
        pass

    def OpenComPort(self):
        # 設(shè)置端口號(hào)
        self.mSerial.port = self.comboBox_ComPort.currentText()

        # 設(shè)置波特率
        self.mSerial.baudrate = int(self.comboBox_Baudrate.currentText())

        # 數(shù)據(jù)位設(shè)置
        bytesize = self.comboBox_ByteSize.currentText()
        if "5" == bytesize:
            self.mSerial.bytesize = serial.FIVEBITS
        elif "6" == bytesize:
            self.mSerial.bytesize = serial.SIXBITS
        elif "7" == bytesize:
            self.mSerial.bytesize = serial.SEVENBITS
        elif "8" == bytesize:
            self.mSerial.bytesize = serial.EIGHTBITS

        # 停止位設(shè)置
        stopbitsItems = [serial.STOPBITS_ONE, serial.STOPBITS_ONE_POINT_FIVE, serial.STOPBITS_TWO]
        self.mSerial.stopbits = stopbitsItems[self.comboBox_Stopbits.currentIndex()]

        # 校驗(yàn)位設(shè)置
        parityItmes = [serial.PARITY_NONE, 
                    serial.PARITY_ODD,
                    serial.PARITY_EVEN,
                    serial.PARITY_MARK,
                    serial.PARITY_SPACE,
                    serial.PARITY_NAMES]
        self.mSerial.parity = parityItmes[self.comboBox_Parity.currentIndex()]
        
        stopbitsItems = [serial.STOPBITS_ONE, serial.STOPBITS_ONE_POINT_FIVE, serial.STOPBITS_TWO]
        self.mSerial.stopbits = stopbitsItems[self.comboBox_Stopbits.currentIndex()]           # 停止為[]

        flowctrl = self.comboBox_FlowCtrl.currentText()
        if 'None' == flowctrl:
            self.mSerial.xonxoff = False            # 軟件流控       
            self.mSerial.rtscts = False             # 硬件流控
            self.mSerial.dsrdtr = False             # 硬件流控
        elif 'XON/XOFF' == flowctrl:
            self.mSerial.xonxoff = True            # 軟件流控       
            self.mSerial.rtscts = False             # 硬件流控
            self.mSerial.dsrdtr = False             # 硬件流控          
        elif 'RTS/CTS' == flowctrl:
            self.mSerial.xonxoff = False            # 軟件流控       
            self.mSerial.rtscts = True             # 硬件流控
            self.mSerial.dsrdtr = False             # 硬件流控

        # 超時(shí)時(shí)間
        self.mSerial.timeout = 100

        if self.mSerial.isOpen():
            QMessageBox.warning(self, "警告", "串口已打開(kāi)", QMessageBox.Cancel, QMessageBox.Cancel)
        else:
            try:
                self.BtnOpenPort.setEnabled(False)
                self.mSerial.open()
                self.mSerial.flushInput()
                self.mSerial.flushOutput()
                self.recvTimer.start(20)
            except:
                QMessageBox.critical(self, "警告", "串口打開(kāi)失敗", QMessageBox.Cancel, QMessageBox.Cancel)
                self.BtnOpenPort.setEnabled(True)
        
        # 打印端口信息
        print(self.mSerial)

    def CloseComPort(self):
        self.recvTimer.stop()
        if self.mSerial.isOpen():
            self.BtnOpenPort.setEnabled(True)
            self.mSerial.flushInput()
            self.mSerial.flushOutput()
            self.mSerial.close()            
        pass
    
    def SendData(self):
        if self.mSerial.isOpen():
            sendtext = self.lineEdit_SendData.text()
            sendtext = sendtext + '\r\n'
            self.mSerial.write(sendtext.encode("utf-8"))
            print("send data:", sendtext)
        else:
            QMessageBox.warning(self, "警告", "串口未打開(kāi)，請(qǐng)先打開(kāi)串口", QMessageBox.Cancel, QMessageBox.Cancel)

    def RecvData(self):
        dataheader = b'$$:' # 數(shù)據(jù)幀頭， 原始數(shù)據(jù)幀格式 '$$:10,11,12'

        try:
            num = self.mSerial.inWaiting()
        except:
            self.CloseComPort()

        if num > 0:
            try:
                self.data = self.mSerial.readline(1024)
                # 讀取一行數(shù)據(jù) 添加到數(shù)據(jù)接收顯示區(qū)
                if self.data.endswith("\n".encode("utf-8")):
                    self.textBrowserRecvArea.append(self.data.decode("utf-8"))

                # 解析數(shù)據(jù)項(xiàng)，數(shù)據(jù)幀以 b'$$:' 開(kāi)頭，多個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)參數(shù)之間以 ‘,' 分割， 數(shù)據(jù)幀以'\r\n'結(jié)束 
                if self.data.decode('UTF-8').startswith(dataheader.decode('UTF-8')):
                    rawdata = self.data[len(dataheader) : len(self.data)-2]
                    data = rawdata.split(b',')
                    print(int(data[0]), int(data[1]), int(data[2]))
            except:
                pass


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    win = ComPortWindow()
    win.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

QtDesigner UI界面設(shè)計(jì)：

QtDesigner UI文件 comport.ui

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ui version="4.0">
 <class>MainWindow</class>
 <widget class="QMainWindow" name="MainWindow">
  <property name="geometry">
   <rect>
    <x>0</x>
    <y>0</y>
    <width>1135</width>
    <height>713</height>
   </rect>
  </property>
  <property name="windowTitle">
   <string>MainWindow</string>
  </property>
  <widget class="QWidget" name="centralwidget">
   <widget class="QGroupBox" name="groupBox_ComSettings">
    <property name="geometry">
     <rect>
      <x>10</x>
      <y>20</y>
      <width>221</width>
      <height>471</height>
     </rect>
    </property>
    <property name="title">
     <string>串口設(shè)置</string>
    </property>
    <widget class="QWidget" name="horizontalLayoutWidget">
     <property name="geometry">
      <rect>
       <x>10</x>
       <y>400</y>
       <width>201</width>
       <height>51</height>
      </rect>
     </property>
     <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="horizontalLayout">
      <item>
       <widget class="QPushButton" name="BtnOpenPort">
        <property name="text">
         <string>打開(kāi)串口</string>
        </property>
       </widget>
      </item>
      <item>
       <widget class="QPushButton" name="BtnClosePort">
        <property name="text">
         <string>關(guān)閉串口</string>
        </property>
       </widget>
      </item>
     </layout>
    </widget>
    <widget class="QWidget" name="horizontalLayoutWidget_2">
     <property name="geometry">
      <rect>
       <x>10</x>
       <y>350</y>
       <width>201</width>
       <height>51</height>
      </rect>
     </property>
     <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="horizontalLayout_8">
      <item>
       <widget class="QPushButton" name="BtnScanPort">
        <property name="text">
         <string>掃描端口</string>
        </property>
       </widget>
      </item>
     </layout>
    </widget>
    <widget class="QLabel" name="label_CurrentPortName">
     <property name="geometry">
      <rect>
       <x>10</x>
       <y>20</y>
       <width>201</width>
       <height>31</height>
      </rect>
     </property>
     <property name="text">
      <string/>
     </property>
    </widget>
    <widget class="QWidget" name="layoutWidget">
     <property name="geometry">
      <rect>
       <x>10</x>
       <y>60</y>
       <width>201</width>
       <height>281</height>
      </rect>
     </property>
     <layout class="QVBoxLayout" name="verticalLayout">
      <item>
       <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="horizontalLayout_2">
        <item>
         <widget class="QLabel" name="label_ComPort">
          <property name="maximumSize">
           <size>
            <width>60</width>
            <height>16777215</height>
           </size>
          </property>
          <property name="text">
           <string>串  口</string>
          </property>
         </widget>
        </item>
        <item>
         <widget class="QComboBox" name="comboBox_ComPort">
          <property name="editable">
           <bool>false</bool>
          </property>
         </widget>
        </item>
       </layout>
      </item>
      <item>
       <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="horizontalLayout_3">
        <item>
         <widget class="QLabel" name="label_Baudrate">
          <property name="maximumSize">
           <size>
            <width>60</width>
            <height>16777215</height>
           </size>
          </property>
          <property name="text">
           <string>波特率</string>
          </property>
         </widget>
        </item>
        <item>
         <widget class="QComboBox" name="comboBox_Baudrate">
          <property name="editable">
           <bool>true</bool>
          </property>
          <property name="currentText">
           <string>115200</string>
          </property>
          <property name="currentIndex">
           <number>8</number>
          </property>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>2400</string>
           </property>
          </item>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>4800</string>
           </property>
          </item>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>9600</string>
           </property>
          </item>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>14400</string>
           </property>
          </item>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>19200</string>
           </property>
          </item>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>38400</string>
           </property>
          </item>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>56000</string>
           </property>
          </item>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>57600</string>
           </property>
          </item>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>115200</string>
           </property>
          </item>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>128000</string>
           </property>
          </item>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>256000</string>
           </property>
          </item>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>230400</string>
           </property>
          </item>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>1000000</string>
           </property>
          </item>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>2000000</string>
           </property>
          </item>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>3000000</string>
           </property>
          </item>
         </widget>
        </item>
       </layout>
      </item>
      <item>
       <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="horizontalLayout_4">
        <item>
         <widget class="QLabel" name="label_ByteSize">
          <property name="maximumSize">
           <size>
            <width>60</width>
            <height>16777215</height>
           </size>
          </property>
          <property name="text">
           <string>數(shù)據(jù)位</string>
          </property>
         </widget>
        </item>
        <item>
         <widget class="QComboBox" name="comboBox_ByteSize">
          <property name="editable">
           <bool>false</bool>
          </property>
          <property name="currentText">
           <string>8</string>
          </property>
          <property name="currentIndex">
           <number>3</number>
          </property>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>5</string>
           </property>
          </item>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>6</string>
           </property>
          </item>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>7</string>
           </property>
          </item>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>8</string>
           </property>
          </item>
         </widget>
        </item>
       </layout>
      </item>
      <item>
       <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="horizontalLayout_6">
        <item>
         <widget class="QLabel" name="label_Stopbits">
          <property name="maximumSize">
           <size>
            <width>60</width>
            <height>16777215</height>
           </size>
          </property>
          <property name="text">
           <string>停止位</string>
          </property>
         </widget>
        </item>
        <item>
         <widget class="QComboBox" name="comboBox_Stopbits">
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>1</string>
           </property>
          </item>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>1.5</string>
           </property>
          </item>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>2</string>
           </property>
          </item>
         </widget>
        </item>
       </layout>
      </item>
      <item>
       <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="horizontalLayout_5">
        <item>
         <widget class="QLabel" name="label_Parity">
          <property name="maximumSize">
           <size>
            <width>60</width>
            <height>16777215</height>
           </size>
          </property>
          <property name="text">
           <string>校驗(yàn)位</string>
          </property>
         </widget>
        </item>
        <item>
         <widget class="QComboBox" name="comboBox_Parity">
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>None</string>
           </property>
          </item>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>Odd</string>
           </property>
          </item>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>Even</string>
           </property>
          </item>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>Mark</string>
           </property>
          </item>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>Space</string>
           </property>
          </item>
         </widget>
        </item>
       </layout>
      </item>
      <item>
       <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="horizontalLayout_7">
        <item>
         <widget class="QLabel" name="label_CTS">
          <property name="maximumSize">
           <size>
            <width>60</width>
            <height>16777215</height>
           </size>
          </property>
          <property name="text">
           <string>流  控</string>
          </property>
         </widget>
        </item>
        <item>
         <widget class="QComboBox" name="comboBox_FlowCtrl">
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>None</string>
           </property>
          </item>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>RTS/CTS</string>
           </property>
          </item>
          <item>
           <property name="text">
            <string>XON/XOFF</string>
           </property>
          </item>
         </widget>
        </item>
       </layout>
      </item>
     </layout>
    </widget>
   </widget>
   <widget class="QGroupBox" name="groupBox">
    <property name="geometry">
     <rect>
      <x>250</x>
      <y>20</y>
      <width>871</width>
      <height>471</height>
     </rect>
    </property>
    <property name="title">
     <string>接收區(qū)</string>
    </property>
    <widget class="QTextBrowser" name="textBrowserRecvArea">
     <property name="geometry">
      <rect>
       <x>10</x>
       <y>20</y>
       <width>851</width>
       <height>441</height>
      </rect>
     </property>
    </widget>
   </widget>
   <widget class="QGroupBox" name="groupBox_2">
    <property name="geometry">
     <rect>
      <x>250</x>
      <y>500</y>
      <width>871</width>
      <height>161</height>
     </rect>
    </property>
    <property name="title">
     <string>發(fā)送區(qū)</string>
    </property>
    <widget class="QLineEdit" name="lineEdit_SendData">
     <property name="geometry">
      <rect>
       <x>10</x>
       <y>20</y>
       <width>851</width>
       <height>51</height>
      </rect>
     </property>
    </widget>
    <widget class="QPushButton" name="BtnSendData">
     <property name="geometry">
      <rect>
       <x>10</x>
       <y>80</y>
       <width>71</width>
       <height>71</height>
      </rect>
     </property>
     <property name="text">
      <string>發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)</string>
     </property>
    </widget>
   </widget>
   <widget class="QGroupBox" name="groupBox_3">
    <property name="geometry">
     <rect>
      <x>10</x>
      <y>500</y>
      <width>221</width>
      <height>161</height>
     </rect>
    </property>
    <property name="title">
     <string>收/發(fā)控制</string>
    </property>
    <widget class="QPushButton" name="BtnClearRecv">
     <property name="geometry">
      <rect>
       <x>10</x>
       <y>20</y>
       <width>201</width>
       <height>61</height>
      </rect>
     </property>
     <property name="text">
      <string>清空接收區(qū)</string>
     </property>
    </widget>
    <widget class="QPushButton" name="BtnClearSend">
     <property name="geometry">
      <rect>
       <x>10</x>
       <y>90</y>
       <width>201</width>
       <height>61</height>
      </rect>
     </property>
     <property name="text">
      <string>清空發(fā)送區(qū)</string>
     </property>
    </widget>
   </widget>
  </widget>
  <widget class="QMenuBar" name="menubar">
   <property name="geometry">
    <rect>
     <x>0</x>
     <y>0</y>
     <width>1135</width>
     <height>26</height>
    </rect>
   </property>
  </widget>
  <widget class="QStatusBar" name="statusbar"/>
 </widget>
 <resources/>
 <connections/>
</ui>

comport.ui文件編譯生成的ui_comport.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'd:\project\python\串口工具\(yùn)串口收發(fā)工具\(yùn)comport.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.15.7
#
# WARNING: Any manual changes made to this file will be lost when pyuic5 is
# run again.  Do not edit this file unless you know what you are doing.


from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets


class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(1135, 713)
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        self.groupBox_ComSettings = QtWidgets.QGroupBox(self.centralwidget)
        self.groupBox_ComSettings.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 20, 221, 471))
        self.groupBox_ComSettings.setObjectName("groupBox_ComSettings")
        self.horizontalLayoutWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.groupBox_ComSettings)
        self.horizontalLayoutWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 400, 201, 51))
        self.horizontalLayoutWidget.setObjectName("horizontalLayoutWidget")
        self.horizontalLayout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout(self.horizontalLayoutWidget)
        self.horizontalLayout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
        self.horizontalLayout.setObjectName("horizontalLayout")
        self.BtnOpenPort = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.horizontalLayoutWidget)
        self.BtnOpenPort.setObjectName("BtnOpenPort")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.BtnOpenPort)
        self.BtnClosePort = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.horizontalLayoutWidget)
        self.BtnClosePort.setObjectName("BtnClosePort")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.BtnClosePort)
        self.horizontalLayoutWidget_2 = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.groupBox_ComSettings)
        self.horizontalLayoutWidget_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 350, 201, 51))
        self.horizontalLayoutWidget_2.setObjectName("horizontalLayoutWidget_2")
        self.horizontalLayout_8 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout(self.horizontalLayoutWidget_2)
        self.horizontalLayout_8.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
        self.horizontalLayout_8.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_8")
        self.BtnScanPort = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.horizontalLayoutWidget_2)
        self.BtnScanPort.setObjectName("BtnScanPort")
        self.horizontalLayout_8.addWidget(self.BtnScanPort)
        self.label_CurrentPortName = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.groupBox_ComSettings)
        self.label_CurrentPortName.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 20, 201, 31))
        self.label_CurrentPortName.setText("")
        self.label_CurrentPortName.setObjectName("label_CurrentPortName")
        self.layoutWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.groupBox_ComSettings)
        self.layoutWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 60, 201, 281))
        self.layoutWidget.setObjectName("layoutWidget")
        self.verticalLayout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.layoutWidget)
        self.verticalLayout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
        self.verticalLayout.setObjectName("verticalLayout")
        self.horizontalLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
        self.horizontalLayout_2.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_2")
        self.label_ComPort = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.layoutWidget)
        self.label_ComPort.setMaximumSize(QtCore.QSize(60, 16777215))
        self.label_ComPort.setObjectName("label_ComPort")
        self.horizontalLayout_2.addWidget(self.label_ComPort)
        self.comboBox_ComPort = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.layoutWidget)
        self.comboBox_ComPort.setEditable(False)
        self.comboBox_ComPort.setObjectName("comboBox_ComPort")
        self.horizontalLayout_2.addWidget(self.comboBox_ComPort)
        self.verticalLayout.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout_2)
        self.horizontalLayout_3 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
        self.horizontalLayout_3.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_3")
        self.label_Baudrate = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.layoutWidget)
        self.label_Baudrate.setMaximumSize(QtCore.QSize(60, 16777215))
        self.label_Baudrate.setObjectName("label_Baudrate")
        self.horizontalLayout_3.addWidget(self.label_Baudrate)
        self.comboBox_Baudrate = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.layoutWidget)
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.setEditable(True)
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.setObjectName("comboBox_Baudrate")
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.addItem("")
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.addItem("")
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.addItem("")
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.addItem("")
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.addItem("")
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.addItem("")
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.addItem("")
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.addItem("")
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.addItem("")
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.addItem("")
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.addItem("")
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.addItem("")
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.addItem("")
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.addItem("")
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.addItem("")
        self.horizontalLayout_3.addWidget(self.comboBox_Baudrate)
        self.verticalLayout.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout_3)
        self.horizontalLayout_4 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
        self.horizontalLayout_4.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_4")
        self.label_ByteSize = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.layoutWidget)
        self.label_ByteSize.setMaximumSize(QtCore.QSize(60, 16777215))
        self.label_ByteSize.setObjectName("label_ByteSize")
        self.horizontalLayout_4.addWidget(self.label_ByteSize)
        self.comboBox_ByteSize = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.layoutWidget)
        self.comboBox_ByteSize.setEditable(False)
        self.comboBox_ByteSize.setObjectName("comboBox_ByteSize")
        self.comboBox_ByteSize.addItem("")
        self.comboBox_ByteSize.addItem("")
        self.comboBox_ByteSize.addItem("")
        self.comboBox_ByteSize.addItem("")
        self.horizontalLayout_4.addWidget(self.comboBox_ByteSize)
        self.verticalLayout.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout_4)
        self.horizontalLayout_6 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
        self.horizontalLayout_6.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_6")
        self.label_Stopbits = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.layoutWidget)
        self.label_Stopbits.setMaximumSize(QtCore.QSize(60, 16777215))
        self.label_Stopbits.setObjectName("label_Stopbits")
        self.horizontalLayout_6.addWidget(self.label_Stopbits)
        self.comboBox_Stopbits = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.layoutWidget)
        self.comboBox_Stopbits.setObjectName("comboBox_Stopbits")
        self.comboBox_Stopbits.addItem("")
        self.comboBox_Stopbits.addItem("")
        self.comboBox_Stopbits.addItem("")
        self.horizontalLayout_6.addWidget(self.comboBox_Stopbits)
        self.verticalLayout.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout_6)
        self.horizontalLayout_5 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
        self.horizontalLayout_5.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_5")
        self.label_Parity = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.layoutWidget)
        self.label_Parity.setMaximumSize(QtCore.QSize(60, 16777215))
        self.label_Parity.setObjectName("label_Parity")
        self.horizontalLayout_5.addWidget(self.label_Parity)
        self.comboBox_Parity = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.layoutWidget)
        self.comboBox_Parity.setObjectName("comboBox_Parity")
        self.comboBox_Parity.addItem("")
        self.comboBox_Parity.addItem("")
        self.comboBox_Parity.addItem("")
        self.comboBox_Parity.addItem("")
        self.comboBox_Parity.addItem("")
        self.horizontalLayout_5.addWidget(self.comboBox_Parity)
        self.verticalLayout.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout_5)
        self.horizontalLayout_7 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
        self.horizontalLayout_7.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_7")
        self.label_CTS = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.layoutWidget)
        self.label_CTS.setMaximumSize(QtCore.QSize(60, 16777215))
        self.label_CTS.setObjectName("label_CTS")
        self.horizontalLayout_7.addWidget(self.label_CTS)
        self.comboBox_FlowCtrl = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.layoutWidget)
        self.comboBox_FlowCtrl.setObjectName("comboBox_FlowCtrl")
        self.comboBox_FlowCtrl.addItem("")
        self.comboBox_FlowCtrl.addItem("")
        self.comboBox_FlowCtrl.addItem("")
        self.horizontalLayout_7.addWidget(self.comboBox_FlowCtrl)
        self.verticalLayout.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout_7)
        self.groupBox = QtWidgets.QGroupBox(self.centralwidget)
        self.groupBox.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(250, 20, 871, 471))
        self.groupBox.setObjectName("groupBox")
        self.textBrowserRecvArea = QtWidgets.QTextBrowser(self.groupBox)
        self.textBrowserRecvArea.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 20, 851, 441))
        self.textBrowserRecvArea.setObjectName("textBrowserRecvArea")
        self.groupBox_2 = QtWidgets.QGroupBox(self.centralwidget)
        self.groupBox_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(250, 500, 871, 161))
        self.groupBox_2.setObjectName("groupBox_2")
        self.lineEdit_SendData = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.groupBox_2)
        self.lineEdit_SendData.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 20, 851, 51))
        self.lineEdit_SendData.setObjectName("lineEdit_SendData")
        self.BtnSendData = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.groupBox_2)
        self.BtnSendData.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 80, 71, 71))
        self.BtnSendData.setObjectName("BtnSendData")
        self.groupBox_3 = QtWidgets.QGroupBox(self.centralwidget)
        self.groupBox_3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 500, 221, 161))
        self.groupBox_3.setObjectName("groupBox_3")
        self.BtnClearRecv = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.groupBox_3)
        self.BtnClearRecv.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 20, 201, 61))
        self.BtnClearRecv.setObjectName("BtnClearRecv")
        self.BtnClearSend = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.groupBox_3)
        self.BtnClearSend.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 90, 201, 61))
        self.BtnClearSend.setObjectName("BtnClearSend")
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 1135, 26))
        self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
        self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.setCurrentIndex(8)
        self.comboBox_ByteSize.setCurrentIndex(3)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
        self.groupBox_ComSettings.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "串口設(shè)置"))
        self.BtnOpenPort.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "打開(kāi)串口"))
        self.BtnClosePort.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "關(guān)閉串口"))
        self.BtnScanPort.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "掃描端口"))
        self.label_ComPort.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "串  口"))
        self.label_Baudrate.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "波特率"))
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.setCurrentText(_translate("MainWindow", "115200"))
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.setItemText(0, _translate("MainWindow", "2400"))
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.setItemText(1, _translate("MainWindow", "4800"))
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.setItemText(2, _translate("MainWindow", "9600"))
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.setItemText(3, _translate("MainWindow", "14400"))
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.setItemText(4, _translate("MainWindow", "19200"))
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.setItemText(5, _translate("MainWindow", "38400"))
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.setItemText(6, _translate("MainWindow", "56000"))
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.setItemText(7, _translate("MainWindow", "57600"))
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.setItemText(8, _translate("MainWindow", "115200"))
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.setItemText(9, _translate("MainWindow", "128000"))
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.setItemText(10, _translate("MainWindow", "256000"))
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.setItemText(11, _translate("MainWindow", "230400"))
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.setItemText(12, _translate("MainWindow", "1000000"))
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.setItemText(13, _translate("MainWindow", "2000000"))
        self.comboBox_Baudrate.setItemText(14, _translate("MainWindow", "3000000"))
        self.label_ByteSize.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "數(shù)據(jù)位"))
        self.comboBox_ByteSize.setCurrentText(_translate("MainWindow", "8"))
        self.comboBox_ByteSize.setItemText(0, _translate("MainWindow", "5"))
        self.comboBox_ByteSize.setItemText(1, _translate("MainWindow", "6"))
        self.comboBox_ByteSize.setItemText(2, _translate("MainWindow", "7"))
        self.comboBox_ByteSize.setItemText(3, _translate("MainWindow", "8"))
        self.label_Stopbits.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "停止位"))
        self.comboBox_Stopbits.setItemText(0, _translate("MainWindow", "1"))
        self.comboBox_Stopbits.setItemText(1, _translate("MainWindow", "1.5"))
        self.comboBox_Stopbits.setItemText(2, _translate("MainWindow", "2"))
        self.label_Parity.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "校驗(yàn)位"))
        self.comboBox_Parity.setItemText(0, _translate("MainWindow", "None"))
        self.comboBox_Parity.setItemText(1, _translate("MainWindow", "Odd"))
        self.comboBox_Parity.setItemText(2, _translate("MainWindow", "Even"))
        self.comboBox_Parity.setItemText(3, _translate("MainWindow", "Mark"))
        self.comboBox_Parity.setItemText(4, _translate("MainWindow", "Space"))
        self.label_CTS.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "流  控"))
        self.comboBox_FlowCtrl.setItemText(0, _translate("MainWindow", "None"))
        self.comboBox_FlowCtrl.setItemText(1, _translate("MainWindow", "RTS/CTS"))
        self.comboBox_FlowCtrl.setItemText(2, _translate("MainWindow", "XON/XOFF"))
        self.groupBox.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "接收區(qū)"))
        self.groupBox_2.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "發(fā)送區(qū)"))
        self.BtnSendData.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)"))
        self.groupBox_3.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "收/發(fā)控制"))
        self.BtnClearRecv.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "清空接收區(qū)"))
        self.BtnClearSend.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "清空發(fā)送區(qū)"))

COM9接到了樹(shù)莓派Pico（Raspberry Pi Pico）的串口上，串口小工具發(fā)送的數(shù)據(jù)會(huì)通過(guò)樹(shù)莓派Pico接收后再轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)給串口小工具

Raspberry Pi Pico代碼

from machine import Pin,UART
import utime
uart0 = UART(0, baudrate=115200, bits=8, parity=None, stop=1, tx=Pin(16), rx=Pin(17), )
#uart0.deinit()
txData = b'hello world\r\n'
rxData = bytes()

while True:
    while uart0.any() > 0:
        rxData = uart0.readline()
        uart0.write(rxData)
        print(rxData.decode('utf-8'))        
    utime.sleep(0.2)