<?php
namespace App\Scopes;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Scope;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder;
class AgeScope implements Scope
{
    /**
     * Apply the scope to a given Eloquent query builder.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder  $builder
     * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model  $model
     * @return void
     */
    public function apply(Builder $builder, Model $model)
    {
        return $builder->where('age', '>', 200);
    }
}

<?php
namespace App;
use App\Scopes\AgeScope;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class User extends Model
{
    /**
     * The "booting" method of the model.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    protected static function boot()
    {
        parent::boot();
        static::addGlobalScope(new AgeScope);
    }
}

select * from `users` where `age` > 200

    static::addGlobalScope('age', function(Builder $builder) {
      $builder->where('age', '>', 200);
    });

    // 只移除age約束
    User::withoutGlobalScope('age')->get();
    User::withoutGlobalScope(AgeScope::class)->get();
    // 移除所有約束
    User::withoutGlobalScopes()->get();
    // 移除多個(gè)約束
    User::withoutGlobalScopes([FirstScope::class, SecondScope::class])->get();

    <?php
    namespace App;
    use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
    class User extends Model
    {
        /**
         * Scope a query to only include popular users.
         *
         * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder
         */
        public function scopePopular($query)
        {
            return $query->where('votes', '>', 100);
        }
        /**
         * Scope a query to only include active users.
         *
         * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder
         */
        public function scopeActive($query)
        {
            return $query->where('active', 1);
        }
    }

$users = App\User::popular()->active()->orderBy('created_at')->get();
 // 本地作用域方法是可以接受參數(shù)的
public function scopeOfType($query, $type)
{
    return $query->where('type', $type);
}
// 調(diào)用的時(shí)候
$users = App\User::ofType('admin')->get();

<?php
namespace App\Providers;
use App\User;
use Illuminate\Support\ServiceProvider;
class AppServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
{
    /**
     * Bootstrap any application services.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function boot()
    {
        User::creating(function ($user) {
            if ( ! $user->isValid()) {
                return false;
            }
        });
    }
    /**
     * Register the service provider.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function register()
    {
        //
    }
}

    $user = App\User::with('roles')->first();
    return $user->toArray();
    $users = App\User::all();
    return $users->toArray();

    $user = App\User::find(1);
    return $user->toJson();
    $user = App\User::find(1);
    return (string) $user;

    <?php
    namespace App;
    use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
    class User extends Model
    {
        /**
         * The attributes that should be hidden for arrays.
         *
         * @var array
         */
        protected $hidden = ['password'];
    }

    <?php
    namespace App;
    use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
    class User extends Model
    {
        /**
         * The attributes that should be visible in arrays.
         *
         * @var array
         */
        protected $visible = ['first_name', 'last_name'];
    }
// 有時(shí)可能需要某個(gè)隱藏字段被臨時(shí)序列化，使用`makeVisible`方法
return $user->makeVisible('attribute')->toArray();

    <?php
    namespace App;
    use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
    class User extends Model
    {
        /**
         * The accessors to append to the model's array form.
         *
         * @var array
         */
        protected $appends = ['is_admin'];
        /**
         * Get the administrator flag for the user.
         *
         * @return bool
         */
        public function getIsAdminAttribute()
        {
            return $this->attributes['admin'] == 'yes';
        }
    }

    <?php
    namespace App;
    use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
    class User extends Model
    {
        /**
         * Get the user's first name.
         *
         * @param  string  $value
         * @return string
         */
        public function getFirstNameAttribute($value)
        {
            return ucfirst($value);
        }
    }
// 在訪問(wèn)的時(shí)候，只需要正常的訪問(wèn)屬性就可以
    $user = App\User::find(1);
    $firstName = $user->first_name;

    <?php
    namespace App;
    use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
    class User extends Model
    {
        /**
         * Set the user's first name.
         *
         * @param  string  $value
         * @return string
         */
        public function setFirstNameAttribute($value)
        {
            $this->attributes['first_name'] = strtolower($value);
        }
    }
 // 賦值方式
    $user = App\User::find(1);
    $user->first_name = 'Sally';

    <?php
    namespace App;
    use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
    class User extends Model
    {
        /**
         * The attributes that should be casted to native types.
         *
         * @var array
         */
        protected $casts = [
            'is_admin' => 'boolean',
        ];
    }

<?php
namespace App;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class User extends Model
{
    /**
     * The attributes that should be casted to native types.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $casts = [
        'options' => 'array',
    ];
}
// 從配置數(shù)組轉(zhuǎn)換的屬性取值或者賦值的時(shí)候都會(huì)自動(dòng)的完成json和array的轉(zhuǎn)換
$user = App\User::find(1);  
$options = $user->options;
$options['key'] = 'value';
$user->options = $options;
$user->save();