sentinel整合ribbon與fallback流程分步講解

更新時(shí)間：2022年08月31日 09:55:16 作者：一個(gè)風(fēng)輕云淡

這篇文章主要介紹了sentinel整合ribbon與fallback分步流程，文中通過(guò)示例代碼介紹的非常詳細(xì)，對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)或者工作具有一定的參考學(xué)習(xí)價(jià)值，需要的朋友們下面隨著小編來(lái)一起學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)吧

前期準(zhǔn)備：

啟動(dòng)nacos和sentinel

提供者9003/9004（以9003為樣本）

新建cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003/9004

pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>mscloud03</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <artifactId>cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency><!-- 引入自己定義的api通用包，可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
            <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- SpringBoot整合Web組件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--日常通用jar包配置-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

yml文件

server:
port: 9003
spring:
application:
name: nacos-payment-provider
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: localhost:8848 #配置Nacos地址
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: '*'

配置9004的時(shí)候記得修改端口

主啟動(dòng)類(lèi)

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class PaymentMain9003
{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain9003.class, args);
    }
}

業(yè)務(wù)類(lèi)

@RestController
public class PaymentController
{
    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;
    public static HashMap<Long,Payment> hashMap = new HashMap<>();
    static
    {
        hashMap.put(1L,new Payment(1L,"28a8c1e3bc2742d8848569891fb42181"));
        hashMap.put(2L,new Payment(2L,"bba8c1e3bc2742d8848569891ac32182"));
        hashMap.put(3L,new Payment(3L,"6ua8c1e3bc2742d8848569891xt92183"));
    }
    @GetMapping(value = "/paymentSQL/{id}")
    public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
    {
        Payment payment = hashMap.get(id);
        CommonResult<Payment> result = new CommonResult(200,"from mysql,serverPort:  "+serverPort,payment);
        return result;
    }
}

測(cè)試1

啟動(dòng)9003訪問(wèn)localhost:9003/paymentSQL/1

消費(fèi)者84

新建cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84

pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>mscloud03</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <artifactId>cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 引入自己定義的api通用包，可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- SpringBoot整合Web組件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--日常通用jar包配置-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

yml文件

server:
port: 84
spring:
application:
name: nacos-order-consumer
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: localhost:8848
sentinel:
transport:
#配置Sentinel dashboard地址
dashboard: localhost:8080
#默認(rèn)8719端口，假如被占用會(huì)自動(dòng)從8719開(kāi)始依次+1掃描,直至找到未被占用的端口
port: 8719
#消費(fèi)者將要去訪問(wèn)的微服務(wù)名稱(chēng)(注冊(cè)成功進(jìn)nacos的微服務(wù)提供者)
service-url:
nacos-user-service: http://nacos-payment-provider

主啟動(dòng)

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderNacosMain84
{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain84.class, args);
    }
}

配置類(lèi)

@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig
{
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate()
    {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

業(yè)務(wù)類(lèi)1

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class CircleBreakerController
{
    public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";
    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback") 
     public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id)
    {
        CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id);
        if (id == 4) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException ("IllegalArgumentException,非法參數(shù)異常....");
        }else if (result.getData() == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,該ID沒(méi)有對(duì)應(yīng)記錄,空指針異常");
        }
        return result;
    }
}

測(cè)試2

啟動(dòng)9003 9004 84

訪問(wèn)http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/1

再訪問(wèn)http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/1

可以發(fā)現(xiàn)第一次是9004端口，第二次是9003端口，這里面的話，就可以就知道意見(jiàn)實(shí)現(xiàn)了ribbon中的輪訓(xùn)

測(cè)試3

訪問(wèn)http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4

http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4

給客戶error頁(yè)面，不友好

修改業(yè)務(wù)類(lèi)（只配置fallback）

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class CircleBreakerController
{
    public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";
    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback") //fallback負(fù)責(zé)業(yè)務(wù)異常
    public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id)
    {
        CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id);
 
        if (id == 4) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException ("IllegalArgumentException,非法參數(shù)異常....");
        }else if (result.getData() == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,該ID沒(méi)有對(duì)應(yīng)記錄,空指針異常");
        }
        return result;
    }
    public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable  Long id,Throwable e) {
        Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
        return new CommonResult<>(444,"兜底異常handlerFallback,exception內(nèi)容  "+e.getMessage(),payment);
    }
}

本例sentinel無(wú)配置

測(cè)試4

訪問(wèn)http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4

這里可以發(fā)現(xiàn)沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)error界面，而是我們自己配置的兜底的處理方案

修改業(yè)務(wù)類(lèi)（只配置blockHandler ）

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class CircleBreakerController
{
    public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";
    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
     @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",blockHandler = "blockHandler") //blockHandler負(fù)責(zé)在sentinel里面配置的降級(jí)限流
    public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id)
    {
        CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id);
        if (id == 4) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException ("非法參數(shù)異常....");
        }else if (result.getData() == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,該ID沒(méi)有對(duì)應(yīng)記錄");
        }
        return result;
    }
    public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable  Long id,Throwable e) {
        Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
        return new CommonResult<>(444,"fallback,無(wú)此流水,exception  "+e.getMessage(),payment);
    }
    public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable  Long id,BlockException blockException) {
        Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
        return new CommonResult<>(445,"blockHandler-sentinel限流,無(wú)此流水: blockException  "+blockException.getMessage(),payment);
    }
}

配置sentinel

測(cè)試5

訪問(wèn)2次以后http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4

修改業(yè)務(wù)類(lèi)（fallback和blockHandler都配置）

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class CircleBreakerController
{
    public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";
    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
     @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback",blockHandler = "blockHandler")
    public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id)
    {
        CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id);
        if (id == 4) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException ("非法參數(shù)異常....");
        }else if (result.getData() == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,該ID沒(méi)有對(duì)應(yīng)記錄");
        }
        return result;
    }
    public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable  Long id,Throwable e) {
        Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
        return new CommonResult<>(444,"fallback,無(wú)此流水,exception  "+e.getMessage(),payment);
    }
    public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable  Long id,BlockException blockException) {
        Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
        return new CommonResult<>(445,"blockHandler-sentinel限流,無(wú)此流水: blockException  "+blockException.getMessage(),payment);
    }
}

測(cè)試 6

訪問(wèn)http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4

再訪問(wèn)的時(shí)候，那就意味著這個(gè)時(shí)候會(huì)被限流處理

若 blockHandler 和 fallback 都進(jìn)行了配置，則被限流降級(jí)而拋出 BlockException 時(shí)只會(huì)進(jìn)入 blockHandler 處理邏輯。

修改業(yè)務(wù)類(lèi)（忽略屬性.......）

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class CircleBreakerController
{
    public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";
    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback", fallback = "handlerFallback", blockHandler = "blockHandler",
            exceptionsToIgnore = {IllegalArgumentException.class})
    public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id)
    {
        CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id);
        if (id == 4) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException ("非法參數(shù)異常....");
        }else if (result.getData() == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,該ID沒(méi)有對(duì)應(yīng)記錄");
        }
        return result;
    }
    public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable  Long id,Throwable e) {
        Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
        return new CommonResult<>(444,"fallback,無(wú)此流水,exception  "+e.getMessage(),payment);
    }
    public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable  Long id,BlockException blockException) {
        Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
        return new CommonResult<>(445,"blockHandler-sentinel限流,無(wú)此流水: blockException  "+blockException.getMessage(),payment);
    }
}

測(cè)試7

訪問(wèn)http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4

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