利用MySqlBulkLoader實(shí)現(xiàn)批量插入數(shù)據(jù)的示例詳解

更新時(shí)間：2022年06月28日 09:40:41 作者：姚小丹

MySQLBulkLoader是MySQL?Connector/Net類中的一個(gè)類，用于包裝MySQL語句。本文將利用MySqlBulkLoader實(shí)現(xiàn)批量插入數(shù)據(jù)功能，感興趣的可以了解一下

介紹

最近在項(xiàng)目中遇到插入數(shù)據(jù)瓶頸，幾萬、幾十萬、幾百萬的數(shù)據(jù)保存到MYSQL數(shù)據(jù)庫，使用EF插入數(shù)據(jù)速度非常慢，數(shù)據(jù)量非常大時(shí)EF插入需要幾十分鐘，甚至幾個(gè)小時(shí)，這樣子的速度肯定不是我們所期望的。

后面經(jīng)過了解與研究發(fā)現(xiàn)MySqlBulkLoader，可以批量將數(shù)據(jù)插入到數(shù)據(jù)庫并且速度上面遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)優(yōu)于EF。

MySqlBulkLoader主要的實(shí)現(xiàn)方式：將需要插入的數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)成DataTable，DataTable轉(zhuǎn)成一個(gè)CSV文件，將CSV文件使用批量導(dǎo)入的形式導(dǎo)入到數(shù)據(jù)庫里面去。

注意：

1）.數(shù)據(jù)庫連接地址需要添加配置AllowLoadLocalInfile=true,允許本地文件導(dǎo)入；

Data Source = 數(shù)據(jù)庫地址; Port = 端口; Initial Catalog = 數(shù)據(jù)庫名; User Id = 用戶名; Password = 密碼;AllowLoadLocalInfile=true;

2）.插入的時(shí)候會(huì)返回插入行數(shù)，但是檢查所有的數(shù)據(jù)都正確，也沒有報(bào)異常，卻返回了插入數(shù)量為0，可以檢查表是否有唯一索引，插入的數(shù)據(jù)是否違反了唯一索引。

（以下分塊展示了代碼，如果需要看完整的代碼直接看 5.完整的代碼）

1.將List轉(zhuǎn)化為DataTable

/// <summary>
        /// 將List轉(zhuǎn)化為DataTable
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public DataTable ListToDataTable<T>(List<T> data)
        {
            #region 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)DataTable，以實(shí)體名稱作為DataTable名稱

            var tableName = typeof(T).Name;
            tableName = tableName.ToSnakeCase(); /*實(shí)體名稱與表名進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)化，主要根據(jù)各項(xiàng)目的規(guī)定進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)化,不一定就是我這些寫的這種轉(zhuǎn)換方式*/
            DataTable dt = new DataTable
            {
                TableName = tableName
            };

            #endregion

            #region 拿取列名，以實(shí)體的屬性名作為列名       

            var properties = typeof(T).GetProperties();
            foreach (var item in properties)
            {
                var curFileName = item.Name;
                curFileName = curFileName.ToSnakeCase();/*列名與字段名進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)化，主要根據(jù)各項(xiàng)目的規(guī)定進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)化,不一定就是我這些寫的這種轉(zhuǎn)換方式*/
                dt.Columns.Add(curFileName);
            }

            #endregion

            #region 列賦值
            foreach (var item in data)
            {
                DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
                var columns = dt.Columns;

                var curPropertyList = item.GetType().GetProperties();
                foreach (var p in curPropertyList)
                {
                    var name = p.Name;
                    name = name.ToSnakeCase();/*列名與字段名進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)化，主要根據(jù)各項(xiàng)目的規(guī)定進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)化,不一定就是我這些寫的這種轉(zhuǎn)換方式*/
                    var curValue = p.GetValue(item);

                    int i = columns.IndexOf(name);
                    dr[i] = curValue;
                }

                dt.Rows.Add(dr);
            }

            #endregion  

            return dt;
        }

2.將DataTable轉(zhuǎn)換為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的CSV文件

/// <summary>
    /// csv擴(kuò)展
    /// </summary>
    public static class CSVEx
    {
        /// <summary>
        ///將DataTable轉(zhuǎn)換為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的CSV文件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="table">數(shù)據(jù)表</param>
        /// <param name="tmpPath">文件地址</param>
        /// <returns>返回標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的CSV</returns>
        public static void ToCsv(this DataTable table, string tmpPath)
        {
            //以半角逗號(hào)（即,）作分隔符，列為空也要表達(dá)其存在。
            //列內(nèi)容如存在半角逗號(hào)（即,）則用半角引號(hào)（即""）將該字段值包含起來。
            //列內(nèi)容如存在半角引號(hào)（即"）則應(yīng)替換成半角雙引號(hào)（""）轉(zhuǎn)義，并用半角引號(hào)（即""）將該字段值包含起來。
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            DataColumn colum;
            foreach (DataRow row in table.Rows)
            {
                for (int i = 0; i < table.Columns.Count; i++)
                {
                    Type _datatype = typeof(DateTime);
                    colum = table.Columns[i];
                    if (i != 0) sb.Append("\t");
                    //if (colum.DataType == typeof(string) && row[colum].ToString().Contains(","))
                    //{
                    //    sb.Append("\"" + row[colum].ToString().Replace("\"", "\"\"") + "\"");
                    //}
                    if (colum.DataType == _datatype)
                    {
                        sb.Append(((DateTime)row[colum]).ToString("yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss"));
                    }
                    else sb.Append(row[colum].ToString());
                }
                sb.Append("\r\n");
            }
            StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(tmpPath, false, UTF8Encoding.UTF8);
            sw.Write(sb.ToString());
            sw.Close();
        }

    }

3.CSV文件導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)到數(shù)據(jù)庫

/// <summary>
    /// 批量導(dǎo)入mysql幫助類
    /// </summary>
    public static class MySqlHelper
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// MySqlBulkLoader批量導(dǎo)入
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="_mySqlConnection">數(shù)據(jù)庫連接地址</param>
        /// <param name="table"></param>
        /// <param name="csvName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static int BulkLoad(MySqlConnection _mySqlConnection, DataTable table, string csvName)
        {
            var columns = table.Columns.Cast<DataColumn>().Select(colum => colum.ColumnName).ToList();
            MySqlBulkLoader bulk = new MySqlBulkLoader(_mySqlConnection)
            {
                FieldTerminator = "\t",
                FieldQuotationCharacter = '"',
                EscapeCharacter = '"',
                LineTerminator = "\r\n",
                FileName = csvName,
                NumberOfLinesToSkip = 0,
                TableName = table.TableName,

            };

            bulk.Columns.AddRange(columns);
            return bulk.Load();
        }
    }

4.使用MySqlBulkLoader批量插入數(shù)據(jù)

/// <summary>
        /// 使用MySqlBulkLoader批量插入數(shù)據(jù)
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="data"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        /// <exception cref="Exception"></exception>
        public int BulkLoaderData<T>(List<T> data)
        {
            if (data.Count <= 0) return 0;

            var connectString = "數(shù)據(jù)庫連接地址";
            using (MySqlConnection connection = new MySqlConnection(connectString))
            {
                MySqlTransaction sqlTransaction = null;
                try
                {
                    if (connection.State == ConnectionState.Closed)
                    {
                        connection.Open();
                    }
                    sqlTransaction = connection.BeginTransaction();


                    var dt = ListToDataTable<T>(data); //將List轉(zhuǎn)成dataTable
                    string tmpPath = Path.GetTempFileName();
                    dt.ToCsv(tmpPath); //將DataTable轉(zhuǎn)成CSV文件
                    var insertCount = MySqlHelper.BulkLoad(connection, dt, tmpPath); //使用MySqlBulkLoader插入數(shù)據(jù)
                    sqlTransaction.Commit();

                    try
                    {
                        if (File.Exists(tmpPath)) File.Delete(tmpPath);
                    }
                    catch (Exception)
                    {
                        //刪除文件失敗

                    }
                    return insertCount; //返回執(zhí)行成功的條數(shù)
                }
                catch (Exception e)
                {
                    if (sqlTransaction != null)
                    {
                        sqlTransaction.Rollback();
                    }
                    //執(zhí)行異常 
                    throw e;
                }
            }

        }

5.完整的代碼

namespace WebApplication1.BrantchInsert
{

    /// <summary>
    /// 批量插入
    /// </summary>
    public class BulkLoader
    {


        /// <summary>
        /// 測試批量插入入口
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public int BrantchDataTest()
        {

            #region 模擬數(shù)據(jù)
            var data = new List<CrmCouponTestDto>() {
                 new CrmCouponTestDto {
                     Id=1,
                     CouponCode="test001",
                     CouponId = 1,
                     MemberId=100,
                     IssueTime=Convert.ToDateTime("2022-06-27 14:00:00"),
                     UsageTime=Convert.ToDateTime("3000-12-31 00:00:00"),
                     UsageShopId=0,
                     UsageBillNo="",
                     EffectiveStart=Convert.ToDateTime("2022-06-27 14:00:00"),
                     EffectiveEnd=Convert.ToDateTime("2023-06-27 14:00:00"),
                     Status=0
                 },
                 new CrmCouponTestDto {
                     Id=2,
                     CouponCode="test002",
                     CouponId = 1,
                       MemberId=101,
                     IssueTime=Convert.ToDateTime("2022-06-27 14:00:00"),
                     UsageTime=Convert.ToDateTime("2022-06-27 14:30:00"),
                     UsageShopId=2,
                     UsageBillNo="CS202206271430001",
                     EffectiveStart=Convert.ToDateTime("2022-06-27 14:00:00"),
                     EffectiveEnd=Convert.ToDateTime("2023-06-27 14:00:00"),
                     Status=1
                 },
                  new CrmCouponTestDto {
                     Id=3,
                     CouponCode="test003",
                     CouponId = 1,
                     MemberId=102,
                     IssueTime=Convert.ToDateTime("2022-06-27 14:00:00"),
                     UsageTime=Convert.ToDateTime("3000-12-31 00:00:00"),
                     UsageShopId=0,
                     UsageBillNo="",
                     EffectiveStart=Convert.ToDateTime("2022-06-27 14:00:00"),
                     EffectiveEnd=Convert.ToDateTime("2023-06-27 14:00:00"),
                     Status=0
                 },
                    new CrmCouponTestDto {
                     Id=4,
                     CouponCode="test004",
                     CouponId = 1,
                     MemberId=103,
                     IssueTime=Convert.ToDateTime("2022-06-27 14:00:00"),
                     UsageTime=Convert.ToDateTime("3000-12-31 00:00:00"),
                     UsageShopId=0,
                     UsageBillNo="",
                     EffectiveStart=Convert.ToDateTime("2022-06-27 14:00:00"),
                     EffectiveEnd=Convert.ToDateTime("2023-06-27 14:00:00"),
                     Status=0
                 }
             };
            #endregion
            var result = BulkLoaderData<CrmCouponTestDto>(data);
            return result;

        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 使用MySqlBulkLoader批量插入數(shù)據(jù)
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="data"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        /// <exception cref="Exception"></exception>
        public int BulkLoaderData<T>(List<T> data)
        {
            if (data.Count <= 0) return 0;

            var connectString = "數(shù)據(jù)庫連接地址";
            using (MySqlConnection connection = new MySqlConnection(connectString))
            {
                MySqlTransaction sqlTransaction = null;
                try
                {
                    if (connection.State == ConnectionState.Closed)
                    {
                        connection.Open();
                    }
                    sqlTransaction = connection.BeginTransaction();


                    var dt = ListToDataTable<T>(data); //將List轉(zhuǎn)成dataTable
                    string tmpPath = Path.GetTempFileName();
                    dt.ToCsv(tmpPath); //將DataTable轉(zhuǎn)成CSV文件
                    var insertCount = MySqlHelper.BulkLoad(connection, dt, tmpPath); //使用MySqlBulkLoader插入數(shù)據(jù)
                    sqlTransaction.Commit();

                    try
                    {
                        if (File.Exists(tmpPath)) File.Delete(tmpPath);
                    }
                    catch (Exception)
                    {
                        //刪除文件失敗

                    }
                    return insertCount; //返回執(zhí)行成功的條數(shù)
                }
                catch (Exception e)
                {
                    if (sqlTransaction != null)
                    {
                        sqlTransaction.Rollback();
                    }
                    //執(zhí)行異常 
                    throw e;
                }
            }

        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 將List轉(zhuǎn)化為DataTable核心方法
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public DataTable ListToDataTable<T>(List<T> data)
        {
            #region 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)DataTable，以實(shí)體名稱作為DataTable名稱

            var tableName = typeof(T).Name;
            tableName = tableName.ToSnakeCase(); /*實(shí)體名稱與表名進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)化，主要根據(jù)各項(xiàng)目的規(guī)定進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)化,不一定就是我這些寫的這種轉(zhuǎn)換方式*/
            DataTable dt = new DataTable
            {
                TableName = tableName
            };

            #endregion

            #region 拿取列名，以實(shí)體的屬性名作為列名       

            var properties = typeof(T).GetProperties();
            foreach (var item in properties)
            {
                var curFileName = item.Name;
                curFileName = curFileName.ToSnakeCase();/*列名與字段名進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)化，主要根據(jù)各項(xiàng)目的規(guī)定進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)化,不一定就是我這些寫的這種轉(zhuǎn)換方式*/
                dt.Columns.Add(curFileName);
            }

            #endregion

            #region 列賦值
            foreach (var item in data)
            {
                DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
                var columns = dt.Columns;

                var curPropertyList = item.GetType().GetProperties();
                foreach (var p in curPropertyList)
                {
                    var name = p.Name;
                    name = name.ToSnakeCase();/*列名與字段名進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)化，主要根據(jù)各項(xiàng)目的規(guī)定進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)化,不一定就是我這些寫的這種轉(zhuǎn)換方式*/
                    var curValue = p.GetValue(item);

                    int i = columns.IndexOf(name);
                    dr[i] = curValue;
                }

                dt.Rows.Add(dr);
            }

            #endregion  

            return dt;
        }


    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 批量導(dǎo)入mysql幫助類
    /// </summary>
    public static class MySqlHelper
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// MySqlBulkLoader批量導(dǎo)入
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="_mySqlConnection">數(shù)據(jù)庫連接地址</param>
        /// <param name="table"></param>
        /// <param name="csvName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static int BulkLoad(MySqlConnection _mySqlConnection, DataTable table, string csvName)
        {
            var columns = table.Columns.Cast<DataColumn>().Select(colum => colum.ColumnName).ToList();
            MySqlBulkLoader bulk = new MySqlBulkLoader(_mySqlConnection)
            {
                FieldTerminator = "\t",
                FieldQuotationCharacter = '"',
                EscapeCharacter = '"',
                LineTerminator = "\r\n",
                FileName = csvName,
                NumberOfLinesToSkip = 0,
                TableName = table.TableName,

            };

            bulk.Columns.AddRange(columns);
            return bulk.Load();
        }
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// csv擴(kuò)展
    /// </summary>
    public static class CSVEx
    {
        /// <summary>
        ///將DataTable轉(zhuǎn)換為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的CSV文件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="table">數(shù)據(jù)表</param>
        /// <param name="tmpPath">文件地址</param>
        /// <returns>返回標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的CSV</returns>
        public static void ToCsv(this DataTable table, string tmpPath)
        {
            //以半角逗號(hào)（即,）作分隔符，列為空也要表達(dá)其存在。
            //列內(nèi)容如存在半角逗號(hào)（即,）則用半角引號(hào)（即""）將該字段值包含起來。
            //列內(nèi)容如存在半角引號(hào)（即"）則應(yīng)替換成半角雙引號(hào)（""）轉(zhuǎn)義，并用半角引號(hào)（即""）將該字段值包含起來。
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            DataColumn colum;
            foreach (DataRow row in table.Rows)
            {
                for (int i = 0; i < table.Columns.Count; i++)
                {
                    Type _datatype = typeof(DateTime);
                    colum = table.Columns[i];
                    if (i != 0) sb.Append("\t");
                    //if (colum.DataType == typeof(string) && row[colum].ToString().Contains(","))
                    //{
                    //    sb.Append("\"" + row[colum].ToString().Replace("\"", "\"\"") + "\"");
                    //}
                    if (colum.DataType == _datatype)
                    {
                        sb.Append(((DateTime)row[colum]).ToString("yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss"));
                    }
                    else sb.Append(row[colum].ToString());
                }
                sb.Append("\r\n");
            }
            StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(tmpPath, false, UTF8Encoding.UTF8);
            sw.Write(sb.ToString());
            sw.Close();
        }

    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 字符串轉(zhuǎn)化
    /// </summary>
    public static class StringExtensions
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 轉(zhuǎn)換為 main_keys_id 這種形式的字符串方式
        /// </summary>
        public static string ToSnakeCase(this string input)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(input)) { return input; }

            var startUnderscores = Regex.Match(input, @"^_+");
            return startUnderscores + Regex.Replace(input, @"([a-z0-9])([A-Z])", "$1_$2").ToLower();
        }
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 實(shí)體
    /// </summary>
    public class CrmCouponTestDto
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// ID
        /// </summary>
        public long Id { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 卡券號(hào)
        /// </summary>     
        public string CouponCode { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 卡券ID
        /// </summary>
        public int CouponId { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 會(huì)員ID
        /// </summary>
        public int MemberId { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 發(fā)放時(shí)間
        /// </summary>   
        public DateTime IssueTime { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 使用時(shí)間
        /// </summary>      
        public DateTime UsageTime { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 使用店鋪ID
        /// </summary>      

        public int UsageShopId { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 使用單號(hào)
        /// </summary>      
        public string UsageBillNo { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 有效開始時(shí)間
        /// </summary>      
        public DateTime EffectiveStart { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 有效結(jié)束時(shí)間
        /// </summary>      
        public DateTime EffectiveEnd { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 狀態(tài)
        /// CouponStatus 卡券狀態(tài):
        /// -1：未領(lǐng)用
        /// 0：未使用
        /// 1：已使用
        /// 2：已過期
        ///3：已作廢
        ///4：轉(zhuǎn)贈(zèng)中
        /// </summary>

        public Int16 Status { get; set; }
    }
}

以上就是利用MySqlBulkLoader實(shí)現(xiàn)批量插入數(shù)據(jù)的示例詳解的詳細(xì)內(nèi)容，更多關(guān)于MySqlBulkLoader批量插入數(shù)據(jù)的資料請關(guān)注腳本之家其它相關(guān)文章！

您可能感興趣的文章: