C#使用表達(dá)式樹實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)象復(fù)制的示例代碼

更新時(shí)間：2022年01月04日 15:28:34 作者：jack_Meng

這篇文章主要介紹了C#使用表達(dá)式樹實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)象復(fù)制,本文給大家介紹的非常詳細(xì)，對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)或工作具有一定的參考借鑒價(jià)值，需要的朋友可以參考下

需求背景：對(duì)象復(fù)制性能優(yōu)化；同時(shí)，在對(duì)象復(fù)制時(shí)，應(yīng)跳過引用類型的null值復(fù)制，值類型支持值類型向可空類型的復(fù)制

using Common;
using System;
class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        TestClassA classA = new TestClassA() { PropA = new TestClass() { Name = "cs1" }, PropB = "c1", PropC = 1 };
        TestClassA classB = new TestClassA() { PropA = new TestClass() { Name = "cs2" }, PropB = "c2", PropC = 2 };
        FastCopy.Copy(classA, classB, false);
        Console.WriteLine(classB.PropA?.Name + ":" + classB.PropB + ":" + classB.PropC);
        TestClassA classC = new TestClassA() { PropA = new TestClass() { Name = "cs1" } };
        TestClassA classD = new TestClassA() { PropA = new TestClass() { Name = "cs2" }, PropB = "c2", PropC = 2 };
        FastCopy.Copy(classC, classD, false);
        Console.WriteLine(classD.PropA?.Name + ":" + classD.PropB + ":" + classD.PropC);
    }
}
public class TestClassA
{
    public TestClass PropA { get; set; }
    public string PropB { get; set; }
    public int? PropC { get; set; }
}
public class TestClass
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
}

輸出：

百萬次調(diào)用耗時(shí)：270-300ms

using System;
using System.Collections.Concurrent;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Linq.Expressions;
using System.Reflection;
using static System.Linq.Expressions.Expression;
namespace Common
{
    public static class FastCopy
    {
        static ConcurrentDictionary<string, object> copiers = new ConcurrentDictionary<string, object>();
        /// <summary>
        /// 復(fù)制兩個(gè)對(duì)象同名屬性值
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="S"></typeparam>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="source">源對(duì)象</param>
        /// <param name="target">目標(biāo)對(duì)象</param>
        /// <param name="copyNull">源對(duì)象屬性值為null時(shí)，是否將值復(fù)制給目標(biāo)對(duì)象</param>
        public static void Copy<S, T>(S source, T target, bool copyNull = true)
        {
            string name = string.Format("{0}_{1}_{2}", typeof(S), typeof(T), copyNull);
            object targetCopier;
            if (!copiers.TryGetValue(name, out targetCopier))
            {
                Action<S, T> copier = CreateCopier<S, T>(copyNull);
                copiers.TryAdd(name, copier);
                targetCopier = copier;
            }
            Action<S, T> action = (Action<S, T>)targetCopier;
            action(source, target);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 為指定的兩種類型編譯生成屬性復(fù)制委托
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="S"></typeparam>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="copyNull">源對(duì)象屬性值為null時(shí)，是否將值復(fù)制給目標(biāo)對(duì)象</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private static Action<S, T> CreateCopier<S, T>(bool copyNull)
        {
            ParameterExpression source = Parameter(typeof(S));
            ParameterExpression target = Parameter(typeof(T));
            var sourceProps = typeof(S).GetProperties(BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public).Where(p => p.CanRead).ToList();
            var targetProps = typeof(T).GetProperties(BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public).Where(p => p.CanWrite).ToList();
            // 查找可進(jìn)行賦值的屬性
            var copyProps = targetProps.Where(tProp => sourceProps.Where(sProp => sProp.Name == tProp.Name// 名稱一致 且
            && (
            sProp.PropertyType == tProp.PropertyType// 屬性類型一致 或
            || sProp.PropertyType.IsAssignableFrom(tProp.PropertyType) // 源屬性類型 為 目標(biāo)屬性類型 的 子類；eg：object target = string source;   或
            || (tProp.PropertyType.IsValueType && sProp.PropertyType.IsValueType && // 屬性為值類型且基礎(chǔ)類型一致，但目標(biāo)屬性為可空類型 eg：int? num = int num;
            ((tProp.PropertyType.GenericTypeArguments.Length > 0 ? tProp.PropertyType.GenericTypeArguments[0] : tProp.PropertyType) == sProp.PropertyType))
            )).Count() > 0);
            List<Expression> expressionList = new List<Expression>();
            foreach (var prop in copyProps)
            {
                if (prop.PropertyType.IsValueType)// 屬性為值類型
                {
                    PropertyInfo sProp = typeof(S).GetProperty(prop.Name);
                    PropertyInfo tProp = typeof(T).GetProperty(prop.Name);
                    if (sProp.PropertyType == tProp.PropertyType)// 屬性類型一致 eg：int num = int num;    或   int? num = int? num;
                    {
                        var assign = Assign(Property(target, prop.Name), Property(source, prop.Name));
                        expressionList.Add(assign);
                    }
                    else if (sProp.PropertyType.GenericTypeArguments.Length <= 0 && tProp.PropertyType.GenericTypeArguments.Length > 0)// 屬性類型不一致且目標(biāo)屬性類型為可空類型 eg：int? num = int num;
                    {
                        var convert = Convert(Expression.Property(source, prop.Name), tProp.PropertyType);
                        var cvAssign = Assign(Expression.Property(target, prop.Name), convert);
                        expressionList.Add(cvAssign);
                    }
                }
                else// 屬性為引用類型
                {
                    var assign = Assign(Property(target, prop.Name), Property(source, prop.Name));// 編譯生成屬性賦值語句   target.{PropertyName} = source.{PropertyName};
                    var sourcePropIsNull = Equal(Constant(null, prop.PropertyType), Property(source, prop.Name));// 判斷源屬性值是否為Null；編譯生成  source.{PropertyName} == null
                    var setNull = IsTrue(Constant(copyNull));// 判斷是否復(fù)制Null值 編譯生成  copyNull == True
                    var setNullTest = IfThen(setNull, assign);
                    var condition = IfThenElse(sourcePropIsNull, setNullTest, assign);
                    /**
                     * 編譯生成
                     * if(source.{PropertyName} == null)
                     * {
                     *   if(setNull)
                     *   {
                     *     target.{PropertyName} = source.{PropertyName};
                     *   }
                     * }
                     * else
                     * {
                     *   target.{PropertyName} = source.{PropertyName};
                     * }
                     */
                    expressionList.Add(condition);
                }
            }
            var block = Block(expressionList.ToArray());
            Expression<Action<S, T>> lambda = Lambda<Action<S, T>>(block, source, target);
            return lambda.Compile();
        }
    }
}

如果完整復(fù)制，去掉邏輯判斷，同時(shí)可通過泛型類，不在使用字典，性能還可以提升。

using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Linq.Expressions;
using System.Reflection;
namespace Common
{
    public static class FastCopy<S, T>
    {
        static Action<S, T> action = CreateCopier();
        /// <summary>
        /// 復(fù)制兩個(gè)對(duì)象同名屬性值
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="S"></typeparam>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="source">源對(duì)象</param>
        /// <param name="target">目標(biāo)對(duì)象</param>
        /// <param name="copyNull">源對(duì)象屬性值為null時(shí)，是否將值復(fù)制給目標(biāo)對(duì)象</param>
        public static void Copy(S source, T target, bool copyNull = true)
        {
            action(source, target);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 為指定的兩種類型編譯生成屬性復(fù)制委托
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="S"></typeparam>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="copyNull">源對(duì)象屬性值為null時(shí)，是否將值復(fù)制給目標(biāo)對(duì)象</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private static Action<S, T> CreateCopier()
        {
            ParameterExpression source = Expression.Parameter(typeof(S));
            ParameterExpression target = Expression.Parameter(typeof(T));
            var sourceProps = typeof(S).GetProperties(BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public).Where(p => p.CanRead).ToList();
            var targetProps = typeof(T).GetProperties(BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public).Where(p => p.CanWrite).ToList();
            // 查找可進(jìn)行賦值的屬性
            var copyProps = targetProps.Where(tProp => sourceProps.Where(sProp => sProp.Name == tProp.Name// 名稱一致 且
            && (
            sProp.PropertyType == tProp.PropertyType// 屬性類型一致
            )).Count() > 0);
            var block = Expression.Block(from p in copyProps select Expression.Assign(Expression.Property(target, p.Name), Expression.Property(source, p.Name)));
            Expression<Action<S, T>> lambda = Expression.Lambda<Action<S, T>>(block, source, target);
            return lambda.Compile();
        }
    }
}

百萬次耗時(shí)：100ms左右

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