親手教你用Python打造一款摸魚(yú)倒計(jì)時(shí)界面

更新時(shí)間：2021年12月30日 15:41:16 作者：dcpeng

前段時(shí)間在微博看到一段摸魚(yú)人的倒計(jì)時(shí)模板，感覺(jué)很有意思，于是我用了一個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間寫(xiě)一個(gè)頁(yè)面出來(lái)，下面小編把實(shí)現(xiàn)過(guò)程分享給大家，對(duì)Python摸魚(yú)倒計(jì)時(shí)界面感興趣的朋友一起看看吧

前言

前段時(shí)間在微博看到一段摸魚(yú)人的倒計(jì)時(shí)模板，感覺(jué)還挺有趣的。

于是我用了一小時(shí)的時(shí)間寫(xiě)了個(gè)頁(yè)面出來(lái) 摸魚(yú)辦地址 (當(dāng)然是摸魚(yú)的時(shí)間啦)。

模板是這樣的:

摸魚(yú)辦公室?

你好，摸魚(yú)人，工作再累，一定不要忘記摸魚(yú)哦 ! 有事沒(méi)事起身去茶水間去廊道去天臺(tái)走走，別老在工位上坐著。多喝點(diǎn)水，錢(qián)是老板的，但命是自己的 !

距離周末放假還有 2 天

距離元旦放假還有 3 天

距離過(guò)年放假還有 34 天

距離清明節(jié) 放假還有 97 天

距離勞動(dòng)節(jié) 放假還有 123 天

距離端午節(jié) 放假還有 156 天

距離中秋節(jié) 放假還有 255 天

距離國(guó)慶節(jié) 放假還有 276 天

由于前端是單頁(yè)面服務(wù)，直接擼一個(gè)原始的html網(wǎng)頁(yè)就行。
FastAPI對(duì)于異步請(qǐng)求是一把好手、更輕、性能更佳。
掛上一層Nginx讓它看起來(lái)像那么回事兒。

實(shí)現(xiàn)過(guò)程

首先要知道、除了靜態(tài)文字之外的比如當(dāng)前日期、距離節(jié)日放假的天數(shù)等都是動(dòng)態(tài)返回的，我需要使用 Jinja2 模板進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)綁定。
我應(yīng)該把重點(diǎn)放在時(shí)間的處理上。
而且在這個(gè)模板中，有陽(yáng)歷的節(jié)日，也是陰歷的節(jié)日，我需要轉(zhuǎn)換。

初始化一個(gè) FastAPI 對(duì)象并聲明靜態(tài)頁(yè)面的模板目錄 (Jinja2Templates)

*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import datetime
from fastapi import FastAPI, Request
from fastapi.responses import HTMLResponse
from fastapi.templating import Jinja2Templates
from zhdate import ZhDate as lunar_date

app = FastAPI(
    debug=False,
    title="My API",
    docs_url="/docs",
    openapi_url=f"/openapi.json"
)

templates = Jinja2Templates(directory="templates")`

可以看到的是我用到了zhdate這個(gè)庫(kù)、主要用于陰歷和陽(yáng)歷之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)換。用法如下

today = datetime.date.today()
print(today.year, today.month, today.day)
print("大年時(shí)間: ", lunar_date(today.year+1, 1, 1).to_datetime().date())
print("端午時(shí)間: ", lunar_date(today.year, 5, 5).to_datetime().date())
print("中秋時(shí)間: ", lunar_date(today.year, 8, 15).to_datetime().date())
print("元旦時(shí)間: ", f"{today.year+1}-01-01")
print("清明時(shí)間: ", f"{today.year}-04-05")
print("勞動(dòng)時(shí)間: ", f"{today.year}-05-01")
print("國(guó)慶時(shí)間: ", f"{today.year}-10-01")

我們可以梳理一下:

計(jì)算距離大年、元旦的天數(shù)時(shí)，要在年份上+1

計(jì)算距離其他節(jié)日的天數(shù)時(shí)，要判斷天數(shù)差是否小于0，如果是，則年份需要+1，因?yàn)橐呀?jīng)過(guò)去的節(jié)日對(duì)此沒(méi)有意義

distance_big_year = (lunar_date(today.year + 1, 1, 1).to_datetime().date() - today).days

distance_5_5 = (lunar_date(today.year, 5, 5).to_datetime().date() - today).days
distance_5_5 = distance_5_5 if distance_5_5 > 0 else (
        lunar_date(today.year + 1, 5, 5).to_datetime().date() - today).days

distance_8_15 = (lunar_date(today.year, 8, 15).to_datetime().date() - today).days
distance_8_15 = distance_8_15 if distance_8_15 > 0 else (
        lunar_date(today.year + 1, 8, 15).to_datetime().date() - today).days

distance_year = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-01-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days

distance_4_5 = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year}-04-05", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days
distance_4_5 = distance_4_5 if distance_4_5 > 0 else (
        datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-04-05", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days

distance_5_1 = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year}-05-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days
distance_5_1 = distance_5_1 if distance_5_1 > 0 else (
        datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-05-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days

distance_10_1 = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year}-10-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days
distance_10_1 = distance_10_1 if distance_10_1 > 0 else (
        datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-10-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days

怎么樣? 我的命名足夠瘋狂吧。

接下來(lái)需要計(jì)算一下距離周末的天數(shù)。

def get_week_day(date):
    week_day_dict = {
        0: '星期一',
        1: '星期二',
        2: '星期三',
        3: '星期四',
        4: '星期五',
        5: '星期六',
        6: '星期天',
    }
    day = date.weekday()
    return week_day_dict[day]

week_day_ = get_week_day(today)
print(f"今天是: {week_day_}") # 先獲取今天是星期幾

按照每周5個(gè)工作日計(jì)算，今天距離周末的天數(shù)就是

5 - today.weekday() # today.weekday() 今天距離周末

現(xiàn)在將所有的數(shù)據(jù)組裝起來(lái)

time_ = [
    {"v_": distance_year, "title": "元旦"},  # 距離元旦
    {"v_": distance_big_year, "title": "過(guò)年"},  # 距離過(guò)年
    {"v_": distance_4_5, "title": "清明節(jié)"},  # 距離清明
    {"v_": distance_5_1, "title": "勞動(dòng)節(jié)"},  # 距離勞動(dòng)
    {"v_": distance_5_5, "title": "端午節(jié)"},  # 距離端午
    {"v_": distance_8_15, "title": "中秋節(jié)"},  # 距離中秋
    {"v_": distance_10_1, "title": "國(guó)慶節(jié)"},  # 距離國(guó)慶
]

至于為什么是List而不是Dict，那是我需要做一個(gè)根據(jù)距離天數(shù)的排序，讓最先放假的節(jié)日放于最前面，這樣看起來(lái)會(huì)舒服得多。

time_ = sorted(time_, key=lambda x: x['v_'], reverse=False)

接下來(lái)要寫(xiě)一個(gè) 路由，將數(shù)據(jù)傳入到html頁(yè)面中去。

@app.get("/", response_class=HTMLResponse)
async def readme(request: Request):
    return templates.TemplateResponse("readme.html",
                                      {"request": request, "time_": time_, "now_": now_, "week_day_": week_day_})

來(lái)看一下完整的代碼 (main.py):

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import datetime
from fastapi import FastAPI, Request
from fastapi.responses import HTMLResponse
from fastapi.templating import Jinja2Templates
from zhdate import ZhDate as lunar_date
app = FastAPI(
    debug=False,
    title="My API",
    docs_url=f"/docs",
    openapi_url=f"/openapi.json"
)
templates = Jinja2Templates(directory="templates")
today = datetime.date.today()
# print(today.year, today.month, today.day)
# print("大年時(shí)間: ", lunar_date(today.year+1, 1, 1).to_datetime().date())
# print("端午時(shí)間: ", lunar_date(today.year, 5, 5).to_datetime().date())
# print("中秋時(shí)間: ", lunar_date(today.year, 8, 15).to_datetime().date())
# print("元旦時(shí)間: ", f"{today.year+1}-01-01")
# print("清明時(shí)間: ", f"{today.year+1}-04-05")
# print("勞動(dòng)時(shí)間: ", f"{today.year+1}-05-01")
# print("國(guó)慶時(shí)間: ", f"{today.year+1}-10-01")
distance_big_year = (lunar_date(today.year + 1, 1, 1).to_datetime().date() - today).days
distance_5_5 = (lunar_date(today.year, 5, 5).to_datetime().date() - today).days
distance_5_5 = distance_5_5 if distance_5_5 > 0 else (
        lunar_date(today.year + 1, 5, 5).to_datetime().date() - today).days
distance_8_15 = (lunar_date(today.year, 8, 15).to_datetime().date() - today).days
distance_8_15 = distance_8_15 if distance_8_15 > 0 else (
        lunar_date(today.year + 1, 8, 15).to_datetime().date() - today).days
distance_year = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-01-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days
distance_4_5 = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year}-04-05", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days
distance_4_5 = distance_4_5 if distance_4_5 > 0 else (
        datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-04-05", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days
distance_5_1 = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year}-05-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days
distance_5_1 = distance_5_1 if distance_5_1 > 0 else (
        datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-05-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days
distance_10_1 = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year}-10-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days
distance_10_1 = distance_10_1 if distance_10_1 > 0 else (
        datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-10-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days
def get_week_day(date):
    week_day_dict = {
        0: '星期一',
        1: '星期二',
        2: '星期三',
        3: '星期四',
        4: '星期五',
        5: '星期六',
        6: '星期天',
    }
    day = date.weekday()
    return week_day_dict[day]
# print("距離大年: ", distance_big_year)
# print("距離端午: ", distance_5_5)
# print("距離中秋: ", distance_8_15)
# print("距離元旦: ", distance_year)
# print("距離清明: ", distance_4_5)
# print("距離勞動(dòng): ", distance_5_1)
# print("距離國(guó)慶: ", distance_10_1)
# print("距離周末: ", 5 - today.weekday())
now_ = f"{today.year}年{today.month}月{today.day}日"
week_day_ = get_week_day(today)
time_ = [
    {"v_": 5 - 1 - today.weekday(), "title": "周末"},  # 距離周末
    {"v_": distance_year, "title": "元旦"},  # 距離元旦
    {"v_": distance_big_year, "title": "過(guò)年"},  # 距離過(guò)年
    {"v_": distance_4_5, "title": "清明節(jié)"},  # 距離清明
    {"v_": distance_5_1, "title": "勞動(dòng)節(jié)"},  # 距離勞動(dòng)
    {"v_": distance_5_5, "title": "端午節(jié)"},  # 距離端午
    {"v_": distance_8_15, "title": "中秋節(jié)"},  # 距離中秋
    {"v_": distance_10_1, "title": "國(guó)慶節(jié)"},  # 距離國(guó)慶
]
time_ = sorted(time_, key=lambda x: x['v_'], reverse=False)
@app.get("/", response_class=HTMLResponse)
async def readme(request: Request):
    return templates.TemplateResponse("readme.html",
                                      {"request": request, "time_": time_, "now_": now_, "week_day_": week_day_})
if __name__ == '__main__':
    import uvicorn
    uvicorn.run(app='main:app', host="0.0.0.0", port=8080, reload=True)

最后就到了html頁(yè)面部分了，來(lái)看一下主要的傳值。

<center>
    【摸魚(yú)辦公室】今天是 {{ now_ }} {{ week_day_ }}
    <br><br>
    {% for v_ in time_ %}
        <p>距離 {{ v_.title }} 放假還有 {{ v_.v_ }} 天</p>
    {% else %}
        <p>沒(méi)有任何值</p>
    {% endfor %}

</center>

這樣整個(gè)的路由構(gòu)造和頁(yè)面編寫(xiě)就算是完成了。

最后通過(guò)Nginx部署到我的站點(diǎn)上。

摸魚(yú)辦預(yù)覽地址

代碼已經(jīng)上傳至摸魚(yú)辦：

https://github.com/PY-GZKY/moyu

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