Appium+Python+pytest自動(dòng)化測(cè)試框架的實(shí)戰(zhàn)
菜鳥(niǎo)一枚,寫(xiě)的不好勿噴,大家一起學(xué)習(xí)
先簡(jiǎn)單介紹一下目錄,再貼一些代碼,代碼里有注釋
Basic目錄下寫(xiě)的是一些公共的方法,Data目錄下寫(xiě)的是測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù),image存的是測(cè)試失敗截圖,Log日志文件,Page測(cè)試的定位元素,report測(cè)試報(bào)告,Test測(cè)試用例,pytest.ini是pytest啟動(dòng)配置文件,requirements.txt需要安裝的py模塊,run.py運(yùn)行文件

Basic/base.py
里面封裝了 一些方法,元素的點(diǎn)擊,輸入,查找,還有一些自己需要的公共方法也封裝在里面,如果你們有別的需要可以自己封裝調(diào)用
# coding=utf-8
import random
import allure
import pymysql
import time
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from Basic import Log
import os
log = Log.MyLog()
class Base(object):
def __init__(self, driver):
self.driver = driver
# 自定義一個(gè)元素查找方法
def find_element(self, feature,timeout=5, poll=1.0):
# feature = By.XPATH,"http://*[@text='顯示']"
"""
依據(jù)用戶(hù)傳入的元素信息特征,然后返回當(dāng)前用戶(hù)想要查找元素
:param feature: 元組類(lèi)型,包含用戶(hù)希望的查找方式,及該方式對(duì)應(yīng)的值
:return: 返回當(dāng)前用戶(hù)查找的元素
"""
by = feature[0]
value = feature[1]
wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout, poll)
if by == By.XPATH:
# print( "說(shuō)明了用戶(hù)想要使用 xpath 路徑的方式來(lái)獲取元素" )
value = self.make_xpath(value)
return wait.until(lambda x: x.find_element(by,value))
def find_elements(self, feature):
wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 5, 1)
return wait.until(lambda x: x.find_elements(feature[0], feature[1]))
def click_element(self, loc):
'''
封裝點(diǎn)擊操作函數(shù)
'''
self.find_element(loc).click()
def input_text(self, loc, text):
'''
封裝輸入操作函數(shù)
'''
self.fm = self.find_element(loc)
self.fm.clear() # 需要先清空輸入框,防止有默認(rèn)內(nèi)容
self.fm.send_keys(text)
# 自定義了一個(gè)可以自動(dòng)幫我們拼接 xpath 路徑的工具函數(shù)
def make_xpath(self, feature):
start_path = "http://*["
end_path = "]"
res_path = ""
if isinstance(feature, str):
# 如果是字符串 我們不能直接上來(lái)就拆我們可以判斷一下它是否是默認(rèn)正確的 xpath 寫(xiě)法
if feature.startswith("http://*["):
return feature
# 如果用戶(hù)輸入的是字符串,那么我們就拆成列表再次進(jìn)行判斷
split_list = feature.split(",")
if len(split_list) == 2:
# //*[contains(@text,'設(shè)')]
res_path = "%scontains(@%s,'%s')%s" % (start_path, split_list[0], split_list[1], end_path)
elif len(split_list) == 3:
# //[@text='設(shè)置']
res_path = "%s@%s='%s'%s" % (start_path, split_list[0], split_list[1], end_path)
else:
print("請(qǐng)按規(guī)則使用")
elif isinstance(feature, tuple):
for item in feature:
# 默認(rèn)用戶(hù)在元組當(dāng)中定義的數(shù)據(jù)都是字符串
split_list2 = item.split(',')
if len(split_list2) == 2:
res_path += "contains(@%s,'%s') and " % (split_list2[0], split_list2[1])
elif len(split_list2) == 3:
res_path += "@%s='%s' and " % (split_list2[0], split_list2[1])
else:
print("請(qǐng)按規(guī)則使用")
andIndex = res_path.rfind(" and")
res_path = res_path[0:andIndex]
res_path = start_path + res_path + end_path
else:
print("請(qǐng)按規(guī)則使用")
return res_path
def assert_ele_in(self, text, element):
'''
封裝斷言操作函數(shù)
'''
try:
assert text in self.find_element(element).text
assert 0
except Exception:
assert 1
def get_assert_text(self, element):
ele = self.find_element(element, timeout=5, poll=0.1)
return ele.text
# 自定義一個(gè)獲取 toast內(nèi)容的方法
def get_toast_content(self, message):
tmp_feature = By.XPATH, "http://*[contains(@text,'%s')]" % message
ele = self.find_element(tmp_feature)
return ele.text
# 自定義一個(gè)工具函數(shù),可以接收用戶(hù)傳遞的部分 toast 信息,然后返回一個(gè)布爾值,來(lái)告訴
# 用戶(hù),目標(biāo) toast 到底是否存在
def is_toast_exist(self, mes):
# 拿著用戶(hù)傳過(guò)來(lái)的 message 去判斷一下包含該內(nèi)容的 toast 到底是否存在。
try:
self.get_toast_content(mes)
return True
except Exception:
# 如果目標(biāo) toast 不存在那么就說(shuō)明我們的實(shí)際結(jié)果和預(yù)期結(jié)果不一樣
# 因此我們想要的是斷言失敗
return False
def get_mysql(self, table, value):
'''連接數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)'''
# 打開(kāi)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接
db = pymysql.connect(host='', port=, db=, user='', passwd='', charset='utf8')
# 使用 cursor() 方法創(chuàng)建一個(gè)游標(biāo)對(duì)象 cursor
cursor = db.cursor()
try:
# 使用 execute() 方法執(zhí)行 SQL 查詢(xún)
cursor.execute(value)
db.commit()
except Exception as e:
print(e)
db.rollback()
# 使用 fetchone() 方法獲取單條數(shù)據(jù).
data = cursor.fetchone()
# 關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接
db.close()
return data
def get_xpath(self, value):
'''封裝獲取xpath方法'''
text = By.XPATH, '//*[@text="%s"]' % value
return text
# 自定義一個(gè)獲取當(dāng)前設(shè)備尺寸的功能
def get_device_size(self):
x = self.driver.get_window_size()["width"]
y = self.driver.get_window_size()["height"]
return x, y
# 自定義一個(gè)功能,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)向左滑屏操作。
def swipe_left(self):
start_x = self.get_device_size()[0] * 0.9
start_y = self.get_device_size()[1] * 0.5
end_x = self.get_device_size()[0] * 0.4
end_y = self.get_device_size()[1] * 0.5
self.driver.swipe(start_x, start_y, end_x, end_y)
# 自定義一個(gè)功能,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)向上滑屏操作。
def swipe_up(self):
start_x = self.get_device_size()[0] * 1/2
start_y = self.get_device_size()[1] * 1/2
end_x = self.get_device_size()[0] * 1/2
end_y = self.get_device_size()[1] * 1/7
self.driver.swipe(start_x, start_y, end_x, end_y, 500)
# 切換到微信
def switch_weixxin(self):
self.driver.start_activity("com.tencent.mm", ".ui.LauncherUI")
# 切換到醫(yī)生端
def switch_doctor(self):
self.driver.start_activity("com.rjjk_doctor", ".MainActivity")
# 切換到銷(xiāo)售端
def switch_sale(self):
self.driver.start_activity("com.rjjk_sales", ".MainActivity")
def switch_webview(self):
# 切換到webview
print(self.driver.contexts)
time.sleep(5)
self.driver.switch_to.context("WEBVIEW_com.tencent.mm:tools")
print("切換成功")
time.sleep(3)
# 自定義根據(jù)坐標(biāo)定位
def taptest(self, a, b):
# 設(shè)定系數(shù),控件在當(dāng)前手機(jī)的坐標(biāo)位置除以當(dāng)前手機(jī)的最大坐標(biāo)就是相對(duì)的系數(shù)了
# 獲取當(dāng)前手機(jī)屏幕大小X,Y
X = self.driver.get_window_size()['width']
Y = self.driver.get_window_size()['height']
# 屏幕坐標(biāo)乘以系數(shù)即為用戶(hù)要點(diǎn)擊位置的具體坐標(biāo)
self.driver.tap([(a * X, b * Y)])
# 自定義截圖函數(shù)
def take_screenShot(self):
'''
測(cè)試失敗截圖,并把截圖展示到allure報(bào)告中
'''
tm = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S", time.localtime(time.time()))
self.driver.get_screenshot_as_file(
os.getcwd() + os.sep + "image/%s.png" % tm)
allure.attach.file(os.getcwd() + os.sep + "image/%s.png" %
tm, attachment_type=allure.attachment_type.PNG)
# 自定義隨機(jī)生成11位手機(jī)號(hào)
def create_phone(self):
# 第二位數(shù)字
second = [3, 4, 5, 7, 8][random.randint(0, 4)]
# 第三位數(shù)字
third = {
3: random.randint(0, 9),
4: [5, 7, 9][random.randint(0, 2)],
5: [i for i in range(10) if i != 4][random.randint(0, 8)],
7: [i for i in range(10) if i not in [4, 9]][random.randint(0, 7)],
8: random.randint(0, 9),
}[second]
# 最后八位數(shù)字
suffix = random.randint(9999999, 100000000)
# 拼接手機(jī)號(hào)
return "1{}{}{}".format(second, third, suffix)
Basic/deiver.py
APP啟動(dòng)的前置條件,一個(gè)是普通的app,一個(gè)是微信公眾號(hào),配置微信公眾號(hào)自動(dòng)化測(cè)試和一般的APP是有點(diǎn)區(qū)別的,微信需要切換webview才能定位到公眾號(hào)
from appium import webdriver
def init_driver():
desired_caps = {}
# 手機(jī) 系統(tǒng)信息
desired_caps['platformName'] = 'Android'
desired_caps['platformVersion'] = '9'
# 設(shè)備號(hào)
desired_caps['deviceName'] = 'emulator-5554'
# 包名
desired_caps['appPackage'] = ''
# 啟動(dòng)名
desired_caps['appActivity'] = ''
desired_caps['automationName'] = 'Uiautomator2'
# 允許輸入中文
desired_caps['unicodeKeyboard'] = True
desired_caps['resetKeyboard'] = True
desired_caps['autoGrantPermissions'] = True
desired_caps['noReset'] = False
# 手機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)對(duì)象
driver = webdriver.Remote("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub", desired_caps)
return driver
def driver_weixin():
desired_caps = {}
# 手機(jī) 系統(tǒng)信息
desired_caps['platformName'] = 'Android'
desired_caps['platformVersion'] = '9'
# 設(shè)備號(hào)
desired_caps['deviceName'] = ''
# 包名
desired_caps['appPackage'] = 'com.tencent.mm'
# 啟動(dòng)名
desired_caps['appActivity'] = '.ui.LauncherUI'
# desired_caps['automationName'] = 'Uiautomator2'
# 允許輸入中文
desired_caps['unicodeKeyboard'] = True
desired_caps['resetKeyboard'] = True
desired_caps['noReset'] = True
# desired_caps["newCommandTimeout"] = 30
# desired_caps['fullReset'] = 'false'
# desired_caps['newCommandTimeout'] = 10
# desired_caps['recreateChromeDriverSessions'] = True
desired_caps['chromeOptions'] = {'androidProcess': 'com.tencent.mm:tools'}
# 手機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)對(duì)象
driver = webdriver.Remote("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub", desired_caps)
return driver
Basic/get_data.py
這是獲取測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)的方法
import os
import yaml
def getData(funcname, file):
PATH = os.getcwd() + os.sep
with open(PATH + 'Data/' + file + '.yaml', 'r', encoding="utf8") as f:
data = yaml.load(f, Loader=yaml.FullLoader)
# 1 先將我們獲取到的所有數(shù)據(jù)都存放在一個(gè)變量當(dāng)中
tmpdata = data[funcname]
# 2 所以此時(shí)我們需要使用循環(huán)走進(jìn)它的內(nèi)心。
res_arr = list()
for value in tmpdata.values():
tmp_arr = list()
for j in value.values():
tmp_arr.append(j)
res_arr.append(tmp_arr)
return res_arr
Basic/Log.py
日志文件,不多介紹
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
封裝log方法
"""
import logging
import os
import time
LEVELS = {
'debug': logging.DEBUG,
'info': logging.INFO,
'warning': logging.WARNING,
'error': logging.ERROR,
'critical': logging.CRITICAL
}
logger = logging.getLogger()
level = 'default'
def create_file(filename):
path = filename[0:filename.rfind('/')]
if not os.path.isdir(path):
os.makedirs(path)
if not os.path.isfile(filename):
fd = open(filename, mode='w', encoding='utf-8')
fd.close()
else:
pass
def set_handler(levels):
if levels == 'error':
logger.addHandler(MyLog.err_handler)
logger.addHandler(MyLog.handler)
def remove_handler(levels):
if levels == 'error':
logger.removeHandler(MyLog.err_handler)
logger.removeHandler(MyLog.handler)
def get_current_time():
return time.strftime(MyLog.date, time.localtime(time.time()))
class MyLog:
path = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
log_file = path+'/Log/log.log'
err_file = path+'/Log/err.log'
logger.setLevel(LEVELS.get(level, logging.NOTSET))
create_file(log_file)
create_file(err_file)
date = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'
handler = logging.FileHandler(log_file, encoding='utf-8')
err_handler = logging.FileHandler(err_file, encoding='utf-8')
@staticmethod
def debug(log_meg):
set_handler('debug')
logger.debug("[DEBUG " + get_current_time() + "]" + log_meg)
remove_handler('debug')
@staticmethod
def info(log_meg):
set_handler('info')
logger.info("[INFO " + get_current_time() + "]" + log_meg)
remove_handler('info')
@staticmethod
def warning(log_meg):
set_handler('warning')
logger.warning("[WARNING " + get_current_time() + "]" + log_meg)
remove_handler('warning')
@staticmethod
def error(log_meg):
set_handler('error')
logger.error("[ERROR " + get_current_time() + "]" + log_meg)
remove_handler('error')
@staticmethod
def critical(log_meg):
set_handler('critical')
logger.error("[CRITICAL " + get_current_time() + "]" + log_meg)
remove_handler('critical')
if __name__ == "__main__":
MyLog.debug("This is debug message")
MyLog.info("This is info message")
MyLog.warning("This is warning message")
MyLog.error("This is error")
MyLog.critical("This is critical message")
Basic/Shell.py
執(zhí)行shell語(yǔ)句方法
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2018/8/1 下午2:54
# @Author : WangJuan
# @File : Shell.py
"""
封裝執(zhí)行shell語(yǔ)句方法
"""
import subprocess
class Shell:
@staticmethod
def invoke(cmd):
output, errors = subprocess.Popen(cmd, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE).communicate()
o = output.decode("utf-8")
return o
Page/page.py
class Page:
def __init__(self, driver):
self.driver = driver
@property
def initloginpage(self):
return Login_Page(self.driver)
Test/test_login.py
登陸的測(cè)試用,我貼一條使用數(shù)據(jù)文件的用例
class Test_login:
@pytest.mark.parametrize("args", getData("test_login_error", 'data_error_login'))
def test_error_login(self, args):
"""錯(cuò)誤登陸"""
self.page.initloginpage.input_user(args[0])
self.page.initloginpage.input_pwd(args[1])
self.page.initloginpage.click_login()
toast_status = self.page.initloginpage.is_toast_exist(args[2])
if toast_status == False:
self.page.initpatientpage.take_screenShot()
assert False
pytest.ini
pytest配置文件,注釋的是啟動(dòng)失敗重試3次,因?yàn)閍ppium會(huì)因?yàn)橐恍┎豢煽氐脑蚴?,所有正式運(yùn)行腳本的時(shí)候需要加上這個(gè)
[pytest] ;addopts = -s --html=report/report.html --reruns 3 addopts = -s --html=report/report.html testpaths = ./Test python_files = test_*.py python_classes = Test* python_functions = test_add_prescription_list requirements.txt 框架中需要的患教,直接pip install -r requirements.txt 安裝就可以了,可能會(huì)失敗,多試幾次 ```python adbutils==0.3.4 allure-pytest==2.7.0 allure-python-commons==2.7.0 Appium-Python-Client==0.46 atomicwrites==1.3.0 attrs==19.1.0 certifi==2019.6.16 chardet==3.0.4 colorama==0.4.1 coverage==4.5.3 decorator==4.4.0 deprecation==2.0.6 docopt==0.6.2 enum34==1.1.6 facebook-wda==0.3.4 fire==0.1.3 humanize==0.5.1 idna==2.8 importlib-metadata==0.18 logzero==1.5.0 lxml==4.3.4 more-itertools==7.1.0 namedlist==1.7 packaging==19.0 Pillow==6.1.0 pluggy==0.12.0 progress==1.5 py==1.8.0 PyMySQL==0.9.3 pyparsing==2.4.0 pytest==5.0.0 pytest-cov==2.7.1 pytest-html==1.21.1 pytest-metadata==1.8.0 pytest-repeat==0.8.0 pytest-rerunfailures==7.0 PyYAML==5.1.1 requests==2.22.0 retry==0.9.2 selenium==3.141.0 six==1.12.0 tornado==6.0.3 uiautomator2==0.3.3 urllib3==1.25.3 wcwidth==0.1.7 weditor==0.2.3 whichcraft==0.6.0 zipp==0.5.1
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