java使用RestTemplate封裝post請求方式

更新時(shí)間：2021年10月29日 08:53:58 作者：小碼哥(^_^)

這篇文章主要介紹了java使用RestTemplate封裝post請求方式，具有很好的參考價(jià)值，希望對大家有所幫助。如有錯(cuò)誤或未考慮完全的地方，望不吝賜教

使用RestTemplate封裝post請求

之前筆者寫過一篇比較實(shí)用的文章 java使用httpclient封裝post請求和get的請求，其實(shí)java中實(shí)現(xiàn)http請求還可以用 RestTemplate 完成，下面給出示例代碼：

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.http.*;
import org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
public class HttpHelper {
    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpHelper.class);
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    private HttpHeaders httpHeaders;
    @PostConstruct
    public void init() {
        restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
        restTemplate.getMessageConverters().add(0, new StringHttpMessageConverter(Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
        httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();
        httpHeaders.setContentType(org.springframework.http.MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
    }
    /**
     * post - json
     * @param params
     * @return
     */
    public String post(JSONObject params, String url) {
        logger.info("請求參數(shù)：{}", params.toJSONString());
        ResponseEntity<String> response;
        try {
            response = restTemplate.exchange(
                    url,
                    HttpMethod.POST,
                    new HttpEntity<>(params, httpHeaders),
                    String.class);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error("請求異常", e);
            return "請求異常";
        }
        logger.info("響應(yīng)結(jié)果：{}", JSONObject.toJSONString(response));
        if (response.getStatusCode().equals(HttpStatus.OK)) {
            logger.info("請求成功，返回結(jié)果：{}", response.getBody());
            return response.getBody();
        }
        logger.error("請求失敗，Http狀態(tài)碼：{}，返回結(jié)果：{}", response.getStatusCode(), response.getBody());
        return response.getBody();
    }
}

RestTemplate 是 Spring 提供的用于訪問Rest服務(wù)的客戶端，RestTemplate 提供了多種便捷訪問遠(yuǎn)程Http 服務(wù)的方法，能夠大大提高客戶端的編寫效率。

RestTemplate使用封裝

之前接口調(diào)用習(xí)慣性使用HttpClient，代碼復(fù)雜，冗余代碼多，關(guān)心資源回收用起來不是很爽。

RestTemplate默認(rèn)依賴jdk的HTTP連接工具。也可以通過setRequestFactory屬性切換到不同的HTTP源，比如Apache HttpComponents、Netty、OkHttp。

1、SpringBoot使用RestTemplate(使用apache的httpclient)

import org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestFactory;
import org.springframework.http.client.HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory;
import org.springframework.http.converter.ByteArrayHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.http.converter.FormHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.http.converter.ResourceHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.http.converter.support.AllEncompassingFormHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfig  {
    @Bean
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
        //手動(dòng)指定轉(zhuǎn)換器(HttpMessageConverter)
        List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> messageConverters = new ArrayList<HttpMessageConverter<?>>();
        messageConverters.add(new ByteArrayHttpMessageConverter());
        messageConverters.add(new StringHttpMessageConverter(Charset.forName("UTF-8")));//string強(qiáng)制使用UTF-8
        messageConverters.add(new ResourceHttpMessageConverter());
        messageConverters.add(new AllEncompassingFormHttpMessageConverter());
        messageConverters.add(new FormHttpMessageConverter());
        MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter jacksonConverter = new MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter();
        jacksonConverter.getObjectMapper().setDateFormat(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
        messageConverters.add(jacksonConverter);
        RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplateBuilder().additionalMessageConverters(messageConverters).build();
        restTemplate.setRequestFactory(getClientHttpRequestFactory());
        return restTemplate;
    }
    @Bean
    public ClientHttpRequestFactory getClientHttpRequestFactory() {
        // 保持長連接配置，需要在頭添加Keep-Alive
        final ConnectionKeepAliveStrategy myStrategy = new ConnectionKeepAliveStrategy() {
            @Override
            public long getKeepAliveDuration(org.apache.http.HttpResponse response, HttpContext context) {
                // 設(shè)置一個(gè)鏈接的最大存活時(shí)間
                return 5 * 1000L;
            }
        };
        PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager pollingConnectionManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        pollingConnectionManager.setMaxTotal(2000);//最大連接數(shù)
        pollingConnectionManager.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(200);//同路由的最大連接數(shù)       
        CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().setConnectionManager(pollingConnectionManager).setKeepAliveStrategy(myStrategy).build();
        HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory factory = new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory(closeableHttpClient);
        factory.setConnectTimeout(3000);
        factory.setReadTimeout(5000);
        return factory;
    }
}

2、使用jdk原生的

// 添加消息轉(zhuǎn)換器
   List messageConverters = new ArrayList();
   messageConverters.add(new StringHttpMessageConverter());
   messageConverters.add(new MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter());
   //如果useJ2SEHttp申明為true,則使用JDK自帶的HttpURLConnection
   SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory = new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory();
   requestFactory.setReadTimeout(3000);
   requestFactory.setConnectTimeout(3000);
   restTemplate = new RestTemplate(requestFactory);
   restTemplate.setMessageConverters(messageConverters);
   //這里是添加了攔截器
   List<ClientHttpRequestInterceptor> interceptorList = new ArrayList<ClientHttpRequestInterceptor>();
   interceptorList.add(new RequestInteceptor());
   restTemplate.setInterceptors(interceptorList);

2、攔截器實(shí)現(xiàn)ClientHttpRequestInterceptor

（設(shè)置頭信息的時(shí)候回使用到）

public class RequestInteceptor implements ClientHttpRequestInterceptor {
    @Override
    public ClientHttpResponse intercept(HttpRequest request, byte[] body, ClientHttpRequestExecution execution) throws IOException {
        request.getHeaders().setAll(AppMetadataUtil.getAPP_METADATA());
        String traceId = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-", "");
        request.getHeaders().set("TraceId", traceId.toString());
        return execution.execute(request, body);
    }
}

4、常用的方法

 String url = queryInfo?userId={userId}&pageIndex={pageIndex}&pageSize={pageSize}";
 HashMap<String,Object> parameterMap = new HashMap<String,Object>();
 parameterMap.put("userId", userId);
 parameterMap.put("pageIndex", pageIndex);
 parameterMap.put("pageSize", pageSize);
    String str = restTemplate.getForObject(url, String.class, parameterMap);    
    String result = restTemp.getForObject(requestUrl.toString(), String.class);
    //post
 String url = "http://www.xxx.com/queryInfo"
 String str = restTemplate.postForObject(url, parameterMap, String.class);
   //exchange 設(shè)置請求頭
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
 headers.setContentType(MediaType.parseMediaType("application/json;charset=UTF-8"));
 headers.add("Accept", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
 HttpEntity<String> httpEntity = new HttpEntity<String>("", headers);
 RestTemplate restTemplate = RestTemplateUtils.getInstance().getRestTemplate();
 ResponseEntity<String> exchange = restTemplate.exchange(retailOrderUrl, HttpMethod.GET, httpEntity, String.class);
 String forObject = exchange.getBody();
    MultiValueMap<String, Object> requestEntity = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();

以上為個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)，希望能給大家一個(gè)參考，也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。

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