淺談SpringMVC請(qǐng)求映射handler源碼解讀

更新時(shí)間：2021年03月18日 09:18:23 作者：是馮吉榮呀

這篇文章主要介紹了淺談SpringMVC請(qǐng)求映射handler源碼解讀，文中通過(guò)示例代碼介紹的非常詳細(xì)，對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)或者工作具有一定的參考學(xué)習(xí)價(jià)值，需要的朋友們下面隨著小編來(lái)一起學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)吧

請(qǐng)求映射源碼

首先看一張請(qǐng)求完整流轉(zhuǎn)圖（這里感謝博客園上這位大神的圖，博客地址我忘記了）：

前臺(tái)發(fā)送給后臺(tái)的訪問(wèn)請(qǐng)求是如何找到對(duì)應(yīng)的控制器映射并執(zhí)行后續(xù)的后臺(tái)操作呢，其核心為DispatcherServlet.java與HandlerMapper。在spring boot初始化的時(shí)候，將會(huì)加載所有的請(qǐng)求與對(duì)應(yīng)的處理器映射為HandlerMapper組件。我們可以在springMVC的自動(dòng)配置類(lèi)中找到對(duì)應(yīng)的Bean。

@Bean
@Primary
@Override
public RequestMappingHandlerMapping requestMappingHandlerMapping(
  @Qualifier("mvcContentNegotiationManager") ContentNegotiationManager contentNegotiationManager,
  @Qualifier("mvcConversionService") FormattingConversionService conversionService,
  @Qualifier("mvcResourceUrlProvider") ResourceUrlProvider resourceUrlProvider) {
  // Must be @Primary for MvcUriComponentsBuilder to work
  return super.requestMappingHandlerMapping(contentNegotiationManager, conversionService,
                       resourceUrlProvider);
}

@Bean
public WelcomePageHandlerMapping welcomePageHandlerMapping(ApplicationContext applicationContext,
                              FormattingConversionService mvcConversionService, ResourceUrlProvider mvcResourceUrlProvider) {
  WelcomePageHandlerMapping welcomePageHandlerMapping = new WelcomePageHandlerMapping(
    new TemplateAvailabilityProviders(applicationContext), applicationContext, getWelcomePage(),
    this.mvcProperties.getStaticPathPattern());
  welcomePageHandlerMapping.setInterceptors(getInterceptors(mvcConversionService, mvcResourceUrlProvider));
  welcomePageHandlerMapping.setCorsConfigurations(getCorsConfigurations());
  return welcomePageHandlerMapping;
}

請(qǐng)求將首先執(zhí)行FrameworkServlet下的service方法根據(jù)request請(qǐng)求的method找到對(duì)應(yīng)的do**方法。

@Override
protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
  throws ServletException, IOException {

  HttpMethod httpMethod = HttpMethod.resolve(request.getMethod());
  if (httpMethod == HttpMethod.PATCH || httpMethod == null) {
    processRequest(request, response);
  }
  else {
    //父類(lèi)根據(jù)method參數(shù)執(zhí)行doGet,doPost,doDelete等
    super.service(request, response);
  }
}

而這些do**其都會(huì)進(jìn)入核心方法，以doGet為例。

@Overrideprotected 
final void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
  //核心方法
  processRequest(request, response);
}

protected final void processRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
  throws ServletException, IOException {
  try {
  //進(jìn)入此核心方法
  doService(request, response);
}
catch (ServletException | IOException ex) {
  failureCause = ex;
  throw ex;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
  failureCause = ex;
  throw new NestedServletException("Request processing failed", ex);
}

finally {
  resetContextHolders(request, previousLocaleContext, previousAttributes);
  if (requestAttributes != null) {
    requestAttributes.requestCompleted();
  }
  logResult(request, response, failureCause, asyncManager);
  publishRequestHandledEvent(request, response, startTime, failureCause);
}

processRequest()方法中重點(diǎn)在doService(request, response);，而其核心處理邏輯位于DispatchServletl類(lèi)重寫(xiě)的方法，如下。

@Override
	protected void doService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
 ····

   try {
     //這里為實(shí)際分發(fā)控制器的邏輯，其內(nèi)部是找到對(duì)應(yīng)的handlerMapper
     doDispatch(request, response);
   }
    finally {
      if (!WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request).isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
        // Restore the original attribute snapshot, in case of an include.
        if (attributesSnapshot != null) {
          restoreAttributesAfterInclude(request, attributesSnapshot);
        }
      }
      if (requestPath != null) {
        ServletRequestPathUtils.clearParsedRequestPath(request);
      }
    }
}

接下來(lái)看分發(fā)處理邏輯方法,其中重要的方法都使用了原生的注釋。接下來(lái)分別分析核心源碼。

protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
  HttpServletRequest processedRequest = request;
  HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = null;
  boolean multipartRequestParsed = false;

  WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);

  try {
    ModelAndView mv = null;
    Exception dispatchException = null;

    try {
      processedRequest = checkMultipart(request);
      multipartRequestParsed = (processedRequest != request);

      // Determine handler for the current request.
      mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest);
      if (mappedHandler == null) {
        noHandlerFound(processedRequest, response);
        return;
      }

      // Determine handler adapter for the current request.
      HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());

      // Process last-modified header, if supported by the handler.
      String method = request.getMethod();
      boolean isGet = "GET".equals(method);
      if (isGet || "HEAD".equals(method)) {
        long lastModified = ha.getLastModified(request, mappedHandler.getHandler());
        if (new ServletWebRequest(request, response).checkNotModified(lastModified) && isGet) {
          return;
        }
      }

      if (!mappedHandler.applyPreHandle(processedRequest, response)) {
        return;
      }

      // Actually invoke the handler.
      mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());

      if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
        return;
      }

      applyDefaultViewName(processedRequest, mv);
      mappedHandler.applyPostHandle(processedRequest, response, mv);
    }
    catch (Exception ex) {
      dispatchException = ex;
    }
    catch (Throwable err) {
      // As of 4.3, we're processing Errors thrown from handler methods as well,
      // making them available for @ExceptionHandler methods and other scenarios.
      dispatchException = new NestedServletException("Handler dispatch failed", err);
    }
    processDispatchResult(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, mv, dispatchException);
  }
  catch (Exception ex) {
    triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, ex);
  }
  catch (Throwable err) {
    triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler,
                new NestedServletException("Handler processing failed", err));
  }
  finally {
    if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
      // Instead of postHandle and afterCompletion
      if (mappedHandler != null) {
        mappedHandler.applyAfterConcurrentHandlingStarted(processedRequest, response);
      }
    }
    else {
      // Clean up any resources used by a multipart request.
      if (multipartRequestParsed) {
        cleanupMultipart(processedRequest);
      }
    }
  }
}

首先是分析getHandler(),找到對(duì)應(yīng)的處理器映射邏輯。

protected HandlerExecutionChain getHandler(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
  if (this.handlerMappings != null) {
    for (HandlerMapping mapping : this.handlerMappings) {
      HandlerExecutionChain handler = mapping.getHandler(request);
      if (handler != null) {
        return handler;
      }
    }
  }
  return null;
}

我們將斷點(diǎn)標(biāo)記在getHandler方法上時(shí)，可以清除看到handlerMappings，如圖。

這里，用戶請(qǐng)求與處理器的映射關(guān)系都在RequestMapperHandlerMapping中，而歡迎頁(yè)處理請(qǐng)求則在WelcomePageHanderMapping中進(jìn)行映射。

以下為RequestMapperHandlerMapping中映射部分截圖，可以看到用戶的所有請(qǐng)求映射這里面都有：

getHandler()后的方法是通過(guò)比較request請(qǐng)求中method與HandlerMapper中相同url下的method，再進(jìn)行唯一性校驗(yàn)，不通過(guò)異常，通過(guò)找到唯一的handler。

后續(xù)，通過(guò)handler找到處理的設(shè)配器，通過(guò)適配器得到一個(gè)ModelAndView對(duì)象，這個(gè)對(duì)象就是最后返回給前端頁(yè)面的對(duì)象。

至此，一個(gè)請(qǐng)求完整映射到返回前端結(jié)束。

說(shuō)明：這是實(shí)現(xiàn)了FramworkServlet的doService方法，F(xiàn)ramworkServlet繼承自HttpServlet，并且重寫(xiě)了父類(lèi)中的doGet(),doPost(),doPut(),doDelete 等方法，在這些重寫(xiě)的方法里都調(diào)用了 processRquest() 方法做請(qǐng)求處理，進(jìn)入processRquest()可以看到里面調(diào)用了FramworkServlet中定義的doService() 方法。

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