SpringMVC 通過commons-fileupload實現(xiàn)文件上傳功能

更新時間：2021年02月01日 13:58:56 作者：jiawei3998

這篇文章主要介紹了SpringMVC 通過commons-fileupload實現(xiàn)文件上傳,本文通過實例代碼給大家介紹的非常詳細(xì)，對大家的學(xué)習(xí)或工作具有一定的參考借鑒價值，需要的朋友可以參考下

配置

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee/web-app_5_0.xsd"
   version="5.0">
 <!--注冊DispatcherServlet-->
 <servlet>
  <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
  <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  <init-param>
   <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
   <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </init-param>
  <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
 </servlet>
 <servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
  <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
 </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

SpringMVC配置文件 applicationContext.xml

上傳文件的核心配置類：CommonsMultipartResolver，注意id="multipartResolver"不要寫錯

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
  https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
  https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

 <!--配置自動掃描controller包-->
 <context:component-scan base-package="com.pro.controller"/>
 <!--配置靜態(tài)資源過濾-->
 <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
 <!--配置注解驅(qū)動-->
 <mvc:annotation-driven/>

 <!--配置視圖解析器-->
 <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
  <!--前綴-->
  <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
  <!--后綴-->
  <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
 </bean>

 <!--SpringMVC文件上傳配置-->
 <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
  <!--設(shè)置請求的編碼格式, 必須和pageEncoding的屬性一致, 以便正確讀取表單的值, 默認(rèn)為ISO-8859-1-->
  <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"/>
  <!--上傳文件的大小限制, 單位為字節(jié) (10485760 = 10M)-->
  <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"/>
  <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960"/>
 </bean>
</beans>

文件上傳 Controller

上傳實現(xiàn)一

package com.pro.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@RestController
public class FileController {
  /*
   * 采用file.transferTo 來保存上傳的文件
   */
  @RequestMapping("/upload2")
  public Map fileUpload2(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {

    //上傳路徑保存設(shè)置
    String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
    File realPath = new File(path);
    if (!realPath.exists()){
      realPath.mkdir();
    }
    //上傳文件地址
    System.out.println("上傳文件保存地址 --> "+realPath);

    //通過CommonsMultipartFile的方法直接寫文件（注意這個時候）
    file.transferTo(new File(realPath +"/"+ file.getOriginalFilename()));

    Map<Object, Object> hashMap = new HashMap<>();
    hashMap.put("code", 0);
    hashMap.put("msg", "上傳成功");

    return hashMap;
  }
}

上傳實現(xiàn)二

這里的文件名稱沒有使用 UUID組合名稱為了方便測試

package com.pro.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@RestController
public class FileController {

  // @RequestParam("file") 將 name=file 控件得到的文件封裝成 CommonsMultipartFile 對象
  // 批量上傳把 CommonsMultipartFile 改為數(shù)組即可
  @RequestMapping("/upload")
  public String upload(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {
    // 獲取文件名稱
    String uploadFileName = file.getOriginalFilename();

    // 如果文件名為空, 直接返回首頁
    if ("".equals(uploadFileName)) {
      return "file upload error";
    }

    System.out.println("上傳文件名 --> " + uploadFileName);


    // 設(shè)置文件的保存位置
    String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
    // 判斷路徑是否存在
    File realPath = new File(path);
    if (!realPath.exists()) {
      // 如果不存在就創(chuàng)建
      realPath.mkdir();
    }

    System.out.println("文件保存路徑 --> " + realPath);

    // 獲取文件輸入流
    InputStream is = file.getInputStream();
    // 獲取文件輸出流
    FileOutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(new File(realPath, uploadFileName));

    // 緩沖區(qū)讀寫文件
    byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
    int len;
    while ((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1) {
      os.write(buffer, 0, len);
      os.flush();
    }

    // 關(guān)閉流
    os.close();
    is.close();

    return "file upload success";
  }
}

測試

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
 <head>
  <title>$Title$</title>
 </head>
 <body>
  <form enctype="multipart/form-data" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/upload2" method="post">
   <input type="file" name="file">
   <input type="submit" value="上傳實現(xiàn)一">
  </form>
  
  
  <form enctype="multipart/form-data" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/upload" method="post">
   <input type="file" name="file">
   <input type="submit" value="上傳實現(xiàn)二">
  </form>
 </body>
</html>

依賴

核心依賴就是 commons-fileupload

<!--導(dǎo)入依賴-->
<dependencies>
  <!--單元測試-->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.13</version>
  </dependency>
  <!--spring-->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    <version>5.2.0.RELEASE</version>
  </dependency>
  <!--文件上傳-->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
    <version>1.3.3</version>
  </dependency>
  <!--servlet-api導(dǎo)入高版本的-->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
    <version>4.0.1</version>
  </dependency>
  <!--jsp-->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
    <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.2</version>
  </dependency>
  <!--jstl表達(dá)式-->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
    <version>1.2</version>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

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