python ssh 執(zhí)行shell命令的示例

更新時間：2020年09月29日 11:06:23 作者：chengxuyonghu

這篇文章主要介紹了python ssh 執(zhí)行shell命令的示例，幫助大家更好的理解和使用python，感興趣的朋友可以了解下

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import paramiko
import threading

def run(host_ip, username, password, command):
  ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
  try:
    ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
    ssh.connect(host_ip, 22, username, password)

    print('===================exec on [%s]=====================' % host_ip)


    stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(command, timeout=300)
    out = stdout.readlines()
  for o in out:
      print (o.strip('\n'))
  except Exception as ex:
    print('error, host is [%s], msg is [%s]' % (host_ip, ex.message))
  finally:
    ssh.close()


if __name__ == '__main__':

  # 將需要批量執(zhí)行命令的host ip地址填到這里
  # eg: host_ip_list = ['IP1', 'IP2']

  host_ip_list = ['147.116.20.19']
  for _host_ip in host_ip_list:

    # 用戶名，密碼，執(zhí)行的命令填到這里
    run(_host_ip, 'tzgame', 'tzgame@1234', 'df -h')
    run(_host_ip, 'tzgame', 'tzgame@1234', 'ping -c 5 220.181.38.148')

pycrypto，由于 paramiko 模塊內(nèi)部依賴pycrypto，所以先下載安裝pycrypto

pip3 install pycrypto
pip3 install paramiko

（1）基于用戶名和密碼的連接

import paramiko

# 創(chuàng)建SSH對象
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

# 允許連接不在know_hosts文件中的主機
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

# 連接服務(wù)器
ssh.connect(hostname='c1.salt.com', port=22, username='GSuser', password='123')

# 執(zhí)行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('ls')

# 獲取命令結(jié)果
result = stdout.read()

# 關(guān)閉連接
ssh.close()

（2）基于公鑰秘鑰連接

import paramiko

private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/home/auto/.ssh/id_rsa')

# 創(chuàng)建SSH對象
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

# 允許連接不在know_hosts文件中的主機
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

# 連接服務(wù)器
ssh.connect(hostname='c1.salt.com', port=22, username='wupeiqi', key=private_key)

# 執(zhí)行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')

# 獲取命令結(jié)果
result = stdout.read()

# 關(guān)閉連接
ssh.close()

SFTPClient:

　　用于連接遠程服務(wù)器并進行上傳下載功能。

（1）基于用戶名密碼上傳下載

import paramiko

transport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname',22))
transport.connect(username='GSuser',password='123')

sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)

# 將location.py 上傳至服務(wù)器 /tmp/test.py
sftp.put('/tmp/location.py', '/tmp/test.py')

# 將remove_path 下載到本地 local_path
sftp.get('remove_path', 'local_path')

transport.close()

（2）基于公鑰秘鑰上傳下載

import paramiko

private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/home/auto/.ssh/id_rsa')

transport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname', 22))
transport.connect(username='GSuser', pkey=private_key )

sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)

# 將location.py 上傳至服務(wù)器 /tmp/test.py
sftp.put('/tmp/location.py', '/tmp/test.py')

# 將remove_path 下載到本地 local_path
sftp.get('remove_path', 'local_path')

transport.close()

下面是多線程執(zhí)行版本

#!/usr/bin/python
#coding:utf-8
import threading
import subprocess
import os
import sys


sshport = 13131
log_path = 'update_log'
output = {}

def execute(s, ip, cmd, log_path_today):
  with s:   
    cmd = '''ssh -p%s root@%s -n "%s" ''' % (sshport, ip, cmd)

    ret = subprocess.Popen(cmd, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
    output[ip] = ret.stdout.readlines()




if __name__ == "__main__":
  if len(sys.argv) != 3:
    print "Usage: %s config.ini cmd" % sys.argv[0]
    sys.exit(1)
                   
  if not os.path.isfile(sys.argv[1]):
    print "Usage: %s is not file!" % sys.argv[1]
    sys.exit(1)
                     
  cmd = sys.argv[2]
                   
  f = open(sys.argv[1],'r')
  list = f.readlines()
  f.close()
  today = datetime.date.today()
  log_path_today = '%s/%s' % (log_path,today)
  if not os.path.isdir(log_path_today):
    os.makedirs(log_path_today)
                   
  threading_num = 100
  if threading_num > len(list):
    threading_num = len(list)

  s = threading.Semaphore(threading_num)
                   
  for line in list:
    ip = line.strip()
    t = threading.Thread(target=execute,args=(s, ip,cmd,log_path_today))
    t.setDaemon(True)
    t.start()
                     
  main_thread = threading.currentThread()
  for t in threading.enumerate():
    if t is main_thread:
      continue
    t.join()
                     
  for ip,result in output.items():
    print "%s: " % ip
    for line in result:
      print "  %s" % line.strip()
                   
  print "Done!"

以上腳本讀取兩個參數(shù)，第一個為存放IP的文本，第二個為shell命令

執(zhí)行效果如下

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import requests
from requests.exceptions import RequestException
import os, time
import re
from lxml import etree
import threading

lock = threading.Lock()
def get_html(url):

  response = requests.get(url, timeout=10)
  # print(response.status_code)
  try:
    if response.status_code == 200:

      # print(response.text)
      return response.text
    else:
       return None
  except RequestException:
    print("請求失敗")
    # return None


def parse_html(html_text):

  html = etree.HTML(html_text)

  if len(html) > 0:
    img_src = html.xpath("http://img[@class='photothumb lazy']/@data-original") # 元素提取方法
    # print(img_src)
    return img_src

  else:
    print("解析頁面元素失敗")

def get_image_pages(url):
  html_text = get_html(url) # 獲取搜索url響應(yīng)內(nèi)容
  # print(html_text)
  if html_text is not None:
    html = etree.HTML(html_text) # 生成XPath解析對象
    last_page = html.xpath("http://div[@class='pages']//a[last()]/@href") # 提取最后一頁所在href鏈接
    print(last_page)
    if last_page:
      max_page = re.compile(r'(\d+)', re.S).search(last_page[0]).group() # 使用正則表達式提取鏈接中的頁碼數(shù)字
      print(max_page)
      print(type(max_page))
      return int(max_page) # 將字符串頁碼轉(zhuǎn)為整數(shù)并返回
    else:
      print("暫無數(shù)據(jù)")
      return None
  else:
    print("查詢結(jié)果失敗")


def get_all_image_url(page_number):
  base_url = 'https://imgbin.com/free-png/naruto/'
  image_urls = []

  x = 1 # 定義一個標識，用于給每個圖片url編號，從1遞增
  for i in range(1, page_number):
    url = base_url + str(i) # 根據(jù)頁碼遍歷請求url
    try:
      html = get_html(url) # 解析每個頁面的內(nèi)容
      if html:
        data = parse_html(html) # 提取頁面中的圖片url
        # print(data)
        # time.sleep(3)
        if data:
          for j in data:
            image_urls.append({
              'name': x,
              'value': j
            })
            x += 1 # 每提取一個圖片url，標識x增加1
    except RequestException as f:
      print("遇到錯誤：", f)
      continue
  # print(image_urls)
  return image_urls

def get_image_content(url):
  try:
    r = requests.get(url, timeout=15)
    if r.status_code == 200:
      return r.content
    return None
  except RequestException:
    return None

def main(url, image_name):
  semaphore.acquire() # 加鎖，限制線程數(shù)
  print('當(dāng)前子線程: {}'.format(threading.current_thread().name))
  save_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath('.')) + '/pics/'
  try:
    file_path = '{0}/{1}.jpg'.format(save_path, image_name)
    if not os.path.exists(file_path): # 判斷是否存在文件，不存在則爬取
      with open(file_path, 'wb') as f:
        f.write(get_image_content(url))
        f.close()

        print('第{}個文件保存成功'.format(image_name))

    else:
      print("第{}個文件已存在".format(image_name))

    semaphore.release() # 解鎖imgbin-多線程-重寫run方法.py

  except FileNotFoundError as f:
    print("第{}個文件下載時遇到錯誤，url為：{}：".format(image_name, url))
    print("報錯：", f)
    raise

  except TypeError as e:
    print("第{}個文件下載時遇到錯誤，url為：{}：".format(image_name, url))
    print("報錯：", e)

class MyThread(threading.Thread):
  """繼承Thread類重寫run方法創(chuàng)建新進程"""
  def __init__(self, func, args):
    """

    :param func: run方法中要調(diào)用的函數(shù)名
    :param args: func函數(shù)所需的參數(shù)
    """
    threading.Thread.__init__(self)
    self.func = func
    self.args = args

  def run(self):
    print('當(dāng)前子線程: {}'.format(threading.current_thread().name))
    self.func(self.args[0], self.args[1])
    # 調(diào)用func函數(shù)
    # 因為這里的func函數(shù)其實是上述的main()函數(shù)，它需要2個參數(shù)；args傳入的是個參數(shù)元組，拆解開來傳入


if __name__ == '__main__':
  start = time.time()
  print('這是主線程：{}'.format(threading.current_thread().name))

  urls = get_all_image_url(5) # 獲取所有圖片url列表
  thread_list = [] # 定義一個列表，向里面追加線程
  semaphore = threading.BoundedSemaphore(5) # 或使用Semaphore方法
  for t in urls:
    # print(i)

    m = MyThread(main, (t["value"], t["name"])) # 調(diào)用MyThread類，得到一個實例

    thread_list.append(m)

  for m in thread_list:

    m.start() # 調(diào)用start()方法，開始執(zhí)行

  for m in thread_list:
    m.join() # 子線程調(diào)用join()方法，使主線程等待子線程運行完畢之后才退出


  end = time.time()
  print(end-start)
  # get_image_pages(https://imgbin.com/free-png/Naruto)

以上就是python ssh 執(zhí)行shell命令的示例的詳細內(nèi)容，更多關(guān)于python ssh 執(zhí)行shell命令的資料請關(guān)注腳本之家其它相關(guān)文章！

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