$user = App\User::find(1);

return $user->toJson();

<?php

namespace App;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class User extends Model
{
  /**
   * 不希望在序列化中出現(xiàn)的字段放入該數(shù)組中
   * 
   * @var array
   */
  protected $hidden = ['password', 'some', 'secret'];
}

<?php

namespace App;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class User extends Model
{
  /**
   * 只有在以下數(shù)組中出現(xiàn)的字段會(huì)被序列化
   *
   * @var array
   */
  protected $visible = ['first_name', 'last_name'];
}

<?php

namespace App;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Customer extends Model
{
  public function shippingAddress()
  {
    return $this->belongsTo(ShippingAddress::class);
  }
}

<?php

namespace App;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class ShippingAddress extends Model
{
  public function country()
  {
    return $this->belongsTo(Country::class);
  }
  
  public function province()
  {
    return $this->belongsTo(Province::class);
  }
  
  public function city()
  {
    return $this->belongsTo(City::class);
  }
}

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Customer;
use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;

class CustomerController extends Controller
{
  /**
   * Simple function to fetch all customers with their shipping addresses
   *
   * @return String
   */
  public function index()
  {
    $customers = Customer::with(['shippingAddress', 'shippingAddress.country', 'shippingAddress.province', 'shippingAddress.city'])->get();
    
    //這里可以直接返回Eloquent Collections或Objects，toJson()將自動(dòng)被調(diào)用
    return $customers;
  }
}

/**
 * Get the customer's full shipping address
 *
 * @return string
 */
public function getFullShippingAddressAttribute()
{
  return "{$this->shippingAddress->country->name} {$this->shippingAddress->province->name} {$this->shippingAddress->city->name} {$this->shippingAddress->address}";
}

<?php

namespace App;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Customer extends Model
{
  /**
   * The accessors to append to the model's array form.
   *
   * @var array
   */
  protected $appends = ['full_shipping_address'];
}

$ php artisan make:resource Customer

<?php

namespace App\Http\Resources;

use Illuminate\Http\Resources\Json\JsonResource;

class Customer extends JsonResource
{
  /**
   * Transform the resource into an array.
   *
   * @param \Illuminate\Http\Request $request
   * @return array
   */
  public function toArray($request)
  {
    return parent::toArray($request);
  }
}

 public function toArray($request)
  {
    return [
      'fullName' => $this->first_name . $this->last_name,
      'fullShippingAddress'  => $this->shippingAddress->country->name . $this->shippingAddress->province->name . $this->shippingAddress->city->name . $this->shippingAddress->address,
    ];
  }

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Customer;
use App\Http\Resources\Customer as CustomerResource;
use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;

class CustomerController extends Controller
{
  /**
   * Simple function to fetch all customers with their shipping addresses
   *
   * @return String
   */
  public function index()
  {
    $customers = Customer::with(['shippingAddress', 'shippingAddress.country', 'shippingAddress.province', 'shippingAddress.city'])->get();
    
    //這里我們使用了新的Resource類
    return CustomerResource::collection($customers);
  }
}

public function show($id)
{
  $customer = Customer::findOrFail($id);
  return new CustomerResource($customer);
}