python 鏈接sqlserver 寫接口實例

更新時間：2020年03月11日 08:54:10 作者：misolamiso

這篇文章主要介紹了python 鏈接sqlserver 寫接口實例，具有很好的參考價值，希望對大家有所幫助。一起跟隨小編過來看看吧

我是使用pymssql完成的sqlserver，首先下載符合版本的pymssql的whl，然后安裝，在pycharm的default setting->project Interpreter中確定項目的Interpreter有pymssql，然后就開始了~

` # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import hashlib
import hmac
import json
import pymssql
from requests import Response
from rest_framework import status, generics
from rest_framework.decorators import api_view
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpRequest
@api_view(['GET', 'POST'])
def userlogin(req,format=None):
  ms = MSSQL(host="你的IP地址", user="你的數(shù)據(jù)庫賬號", pwd="你的數(shù)據(jù)庫密碼", db="你的數(shù)據(jù)庫名")
  if req.method == 'GET':
    username = req.GET['username']
    password = req.GET['password']
  elif req.method == 'POST':
    username= req.POST['username']
    password = req.POST['password']
  newsql = "select * from System_Users where Mobile = '"+username+"'"
  print(newsql)
  reslist = ms.ExecQuery(newsql.encode('utf-8'))
  # //驗證password加密后==LoginPwd
  print(password)
  print(reslist[0].get("LoginKey"))
  if Encrypt(password,reslist[0].get("LoginKey"))==reslist[0].get("LoginKey"):
    reslist =json_success(reslist)
  else:
    reslist =json_error(reslist)
  # meizis = System_Users.objects.all()
  # serializer = MeiziSerializer(reslist, many=True)
  # return Response(serializer.data)
  return HttpResponse(json.dumps(reslist, default=lambda obj: obj.__dict__), content_type='application/json')
  # return reslist

def Encrypt(password="",salt = ""):
  clearBytes=[]
  hasheByte=[]
  # # encoding = unicode
  # clearBytes= bytes(salt.lower().strip()+password.strip(),encoding='Unicode')
  # salt = crypt.mksalt(crypt.METHOD_SHA512)
  # 然后再進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)加密:
  # hasheByte = crypt.crypt("helloworld", salt)
  # hasheByte =crypt.crypt(clearBytes, salt)
  # password = hmac.new(key=clearBytes, msg=password)
  # 待加密信息
  str =salt.lower().strip()+password.strip()
  # 創(chuàng)建md5對象
  hl = hashlib.md5()
  # Tips
  # 此處必須聲明encode
  # 若寫法為hl.update(str) 報錯為： Unicode-objects must be encoded before hashing
  print('MD5加密前為 ：' + str)
  hl.update(str.encode(encoding='utf-16'))
  print('MD5加密后為 ：' + hl.hexdigest())
  hl.update(str.encode(encoding='UTF-8'))
  print('MD5加密后為 ：' + hl.hexdigest())
  hl.update(str.encode(encoding='GBK'))
  print('MD5加密后為 ：' + hl.hexdigest())
  hl.update(str.encode(encoding='GB2312'))
  print('MD5加密后為 ：' + hl.hexdigest())
  print(password)
  return password


def json_success(data, code=200, foreign_penetrate=False, **kwargs):
   data = {
     "status": code,
     "msg": "成功",
     "data": data,
   }
   print(data)
   return data

def json_error(error_string="失敗", code=500, **kwargs):
   data = {
      "status": code,
      "msg": error_string,
      "data": {}
    }
   data.update(kwargs)
   return data

class MSSQL:
  def __init__(self, host, user, pwd, db):
    self.host = host
    self.user = user
    self.pwd = pwd
    self.db = db
def __GetConnect(self):
  if not self.db:
    raise (NameError, "沒有設(shè)置數(shù)據(jù)庫信息")
  self.conn = pymssql.connect(host=self.host, user=self.user, password=self.pwd, database=self.db, charset="GBK")
  cur = self.conn.cursor()
  if not cur:
    raise (NameError, "連接數(shù)據(jù)庫失敗")
  else:
    return cur

def ExecQuery(self, sql):
  cur = self.__GetConnect()
  cur.execute(sql)
  resList = cur.fetchall()
  col_names = [desc[0] for desc in cur.description]

  result = []
  for row in resList:
    objDict = {}
    # 把每一行的數(shù)據(jù)遍歷出來放到Dict中
    for index, value in enumerate(row):
      index, col_names[index], value
      objDict[col_names[index]] = value
    result.append(objDict)

  # 查詢完畢后必須關(guān)閉連接
  self.conn.close()
  return result

def ExecNonQuery(self, sql):
  cur = self.__GetConnect()
  cur.execute(sql)
  self.conn.commit()
  self.conn.close()

然后設(shè)置好url就ok了，這是在Django框架下，fask框架下鏈接數(shù)據(jù)庫模塊依然可以使用

補(bǔ)充知識：使用pycharm連接數(shù)據(jù)庫---Sqlalchemy

初識sqlalchemy

from sqlalchemy import create_engine
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy import Column,String,INTEGER
#1.創(chuàng)建引擎
eng = create_engine("mysql+pymysql://root:admin@localhost/homework?charset=utf8")
print(eng)
#2.創(chuàng)建基類
Base = declarative_base()
#3.創(chuàng)建類（模型）
class Student(Base):
__tablename__="student1"#指定表格名稱
id = Column(INTEGER,primary_key=True,autoincrement=True)
name = Column(String(32),nullable=False)#非空約束
email = Column(String(32),unique=True)#唯一約束

#4.創(chuàng)建表格
Base.metadata.create_all(eng)
#5刪除表格
Base.metadata.drop_all(eng)

創(chuàng)建出來的student1表

使用Sqlalchemy四部曲：

1、使用create_engine()#連接數(shù)據(jù)庫

2、Base = declarative_base()# 生成orm基類，用于創(chuàng)建classes

3、Base.metadata.create_all(engine) #關(guān)聯(lián)engine使用metadata創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫表

4、使用 session = Session(engine) #創(chuàng)建一個會話，便于后面對數(shù)據(jù)庫進(jìn)行實際操作

from sqlalchemy import create_engine
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy import Column,String,INTEGER
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
#1.創(chuàng)建引擎
eng = create_engine("mysql+pymysql://root:admin@localhost/homework?charset=utf8")
#2.創(chuàng)建基類
Base = declarative_base()
#3.創(chuàng)建類（模型）
class Student(Base):
  __tablename__ = "student2"
  id = Column(INTEGER,primary_key=True,autoincrement=True)
  name = Column(String(32), nullable=False) # 非空約束
  email = Column(String(32), unique=True) # 唯一約束
#4.創(chuàng)建表格
Base.metadata.create_all(eng)
#5.創(chuàng)建session
Session = sessionmaker(bind=eng)
session = Session()#創(chuàng)建session對象，相當(dāng)于pymysql中的conn
#增加記錄
# student = Student(name='劉備',email='120@qq.com')#創(chuàng)建student的對象
# session.add(student)#添加記錄

# #批量增加
# session.add_all(
#   [
# Student(name='張飛',email='110@qq.com'),
# Student(name='悟空',email='111@qq.com'),
# Student(name='宮本',email='112@qq.com'),
# Student(name='趙云',email='113@qq.com'),
#   ]
# )

#查詢操作
#first方法查詢出第一條記錄
# ret = session.query(Student).first()
# print(ret.id,ret.name,ret.email)
# #get方法查詢指定記錄
# student = session.query(Student).get(ident=2)#使用唯一標(biāo)識ident不寫也行查詢第幾條記錄
# print(student.id,student.name,student.email)
#
# student = session.query(Student).filter(Student.id>2)#filter過濾相當(dāng)于條件
# for stu in student:#這里的student是個對象，所以需要把他遍歷出來顯示查詢出來的數(shù)據(jù)
#   print(stu.id,stu.name,stu.email)

# #刪除操作
# # student = session.query(Student).filter(Student.id<2).delete()
# # #方式一此方法可刪除多個主要是因為filter，他是條件嗎滿足他的都可以被刪除
# student1 = session.query(Student).get(2)
# session.delete(student1)#方式二

# #修改操作
#單條修改
# student3 =session.query(Student).first()
# student3.name='百度'
# student3.email='www.baidu.com'
#指定條件修改
student4 =session.query(Student).filter(Student.id ==3).update({Student.name:'王炸',Student.email:'666@qq.com'})
session.commit()#提交事務(wù)
session.close()