python==3.6.3
django==2.2

project
 - webapp
  - __init__.py
  - settings.py
  - urls.py
  - wsgi.py
 - manage.py

# APPS中添加channels
INSTALLED_APPS = [
 'django.contrib.staticfiles',
 'channels',
]
# 指定ASGI的路由地址
ASGI_APPLICATION = 'webapp.routing.application'

from channels.routing import ProtocolTypeRouter

application = ProtocolTypeRouter({
 # 暫時為空，下文填充
})

C:\python36\python.exe D:/demo/tailf/manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:80
Performing system checks...
Watching for file changes with StatReloader
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
April 12, 2019 - 17:44:52
Django version 2.2, using settings 'webapp.settings'
Starting ASGI/Channels version 2.1.7 development server at http://0.0.0.0:80/
Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK.

chat
 - migrations
  - __init__.py
 - __init__.py
 - admin.py
 - apps.py
 - models.py
 - tests.py
 - views.py

url:
from django.urls import path
from chat.views import chat
urlpatterns = [
 path('chat', chat, name='chat-url')
]
view:
from django.shortcuts import render
def chat(request):
 return render(request, 'chat/index.html')
template:
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block content %}
 <textarea class="form-control" id="chat-log" disabled rows="20"></textarea><br/>
 <input class="form-control" id="chat-message-input" type="text"/><br/>
 <input class="btn btn-success btn-block" id="chat-message-submit" type="button" value="Send"/>
{% endblock %}

from channels.auth import AuthMiddlewareStack
from channels.routing import ProtocolTypeRouter, URLRouter
import chat.routing
application = ProtocolTypeRouter({
 'websocket': AuthMiddlewareStack(
  URLRouter(
   chat.routing.websocket_urlpatterns
  )
 ),
})

def connect(self):
 self.user = self.scope["user"]

from django.urls import path
from chat.consumers import ChatConsumer

websocket_urlpatterns = [
 path('ws/chat/', ChatConsumer),
]

from channels.generic.websocket import WebsocketConsumer
import json
class ChatConsumer(WebsocketConsumer):
 def connect(self):
  self.accept()
 def disconnect(self, close_code):
  pass
 def receive(self, text_data):
  text_data_json = json.loads(text_data)
  message = '運維咖啡吧：' + text_data_json['message']
  self.send(text_data=json.dumps({
   'message': message
  }))

{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block content %}
 <textarea class="form-control" id="chat-log" disabled rows="20"></textarea><br/>
 <input class="form-control" id="chat-message-input" type="text"/><br/>
 <input class="btn btn-success btn-block" id="chat-message-submit" type="button" value="Send"/>
{% endblock %}
{% block js %}
<script>
 var chatSocket = new WebSocket(
 'ws://' + window.location.host + '/ws/chat/');
 chatSocket.onmessage = function(e) {
 var data = JSON.parse(e.data);
 var message = data['message'];
 document.querySelector('#chat-log').value += (message + '\n');
 };
 chatSocket.onclose = function(e) {
 console.error('Chat socket closed unexpectedly');
 };
 document.querySelector('#chat-message-input').focus();
 document.querySelector('#chat-message-input').onkeyup = function(e) {
 if (e.keyCode === 13) { // enter, return
  document.querySelector('#chat-message-submit').click();
 }
 };
 document.querySelector('#chat-message-submit').onclick = function(e) {
 var messageInputDom = document.querySelector('#chat-message-input');
 var message = messageInputDom.value;
 chatSocket.send(JSON.stringify({
  'message': message
 }));
 messageInputDom.value = '';
 };
</script>
{% endblock %}

CHANNEL_LAYERS = {
 'default': {
  'BACKEND': 'channels_redis.core.RedisChannelLayer',
  'CONFIG': {
   "hosts": [('ops-coffee.cn', 6379)],
  },
 },
}

>python manage.py shell
Python 3.6.3 (v3.6.3:2c5fed8, Oct 3 2017, 18:11:49) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
(InteractiveConsole)
>>> import channels.layers
>>> channel_layer = channels.layers.get_channel_layer()
>>>
>>> from asgiref.sync import async_to_sync
>>> async_to_sync(channel_layer.send)('test_channel',{'site':'https://ops-coffee.cn'})
>>> async_to_sync(channel_layer.receive)('test_channel')
{'site': 'https://ops-coffee.cn'}
>>>

from asgiref.sync import async_to_sync
from channels.generic.websocket import WebsocketConsumer
import json
class ChatConsumer(WebsocketConsumer):
 def connect(self):
  self.room_group_name = 'ops_coffee'
  # Join room group
  async_to_sync(self.channel_layer.group_add)(
   self.room_group_name,
   self.channel_name
  )
  self.accept()
 def disconnect(self, close_code):
  # Leave room group
  async_to_sync(self.channel_layer.group_discard)(
   self.room_group_name,
   self.channel_name
  )
 # Receive message from WebSocket
 def receive(self, text_data):
  text_data_json = json.loads(text_data)
  message = text_data_json['message']
  # Send message to room group
  async_to_sync(self.channel_layer.group_send)(
   self.room_group_name,
   {
    'type': 'chat_message',
    'message': message
   }
  )
 # Receive message from room group
 def chat_message(self, event):
  message = '運維咖啡吧：' + event['message']
  # Send message to WebSocket
  self.send(text_data=json.dumps({
   'message': message
  }))

from channels.generic.websocket import AsyncWebsocketConsumer
import json
class ChatConsumer(AsyncWebsocketConsumer):
 async def connect(self):
  self.room_group_name = 'ops_coffee'
  # Join room group
  await self.channel_layer.group_add(
   self.room_group_name,
   self.channel_name
  )
  await self.accept()
 async def disconnect(self, close_code):
  # Leave room group
  await self.channel_layer.group_discard(
   self.room_group_name,
   self.channel_name
  )
 # Receive message from WebSocket
 async def receive(self, text_data):
  text_data_json = json.loads(text_data)
  message = text_data_json['message']
  # Send message to room group
  await self.channel_layer.group_send(
   self.room_group_name,
   {
    'type': 'chat_message',
    'message': message
   }
  )
 # Receive message from room group
 async def chat_message(self, event):
  message = '運維咖啡吧：' + event['message']
  # Send message to WebSocket
  await self.send(text_data=json.dumps({
   'message': message
  }))