#python內(nèi)置了map()和reduce()函數(shù)
'''
def myMap(func,li):
  resList = []
  for paser in li:
    res = func(paser)
    resList.append(res)
''' 

map(func, lsd)

#一、map()
#原型 map(func, lsd)
#將單個(gè)字符轉(zhuǎn)成對(duì)應(yīng)的字面量整數(shù)
def chrToint(chr):
  return {"0":0,"1":1,"2":2,"3":3,"4":4,"5":5,"6":6,"7":7,"8":8,"9":9}[chr]
list1 = ["2","1","4","5"]
res = map(chrToint, list1)
#[chr2int("2"),chr2int("1"),chr2int("4"),chr2int("5")]
print(res)
print(list(res))
#將整數(shù)元素的序列，轉(zhuǎn)為字符串型
#[1，2，3，4] --》[“1”，“2”，“3”，“4”]
l = map(str,[1,2,3,4])
print(list(l))

num = int(input("請(qǐng)輸入一個(gè)數(shù)："))
map1 = map(lambda n: n*n,range(1,num+1))
print(list(map1))

from functools import reduce
#需求，求一個(gè)序列的和
list2 = [1, 2, 3, 4]
def mySum(x,y)
  return x+y
r = reduce(mySum,list2)
print("r=",r)

from functools import reduce
#將字符串轉(zhuǎn)成對(duì)應(yīng)字面量數(shù)字
def strToint(str1)
  def fc(x, y):
    return x*10 + y
  def fs(chr):
    return {"0":0,"1":1,"2":2,"3":3,"4":4,"5":5,"6":6,"7":7,"8":8,"9":9}[chr]
  return reduce(fc,map(fs,list(str1)))
a = strToint("12345")
print(a)
print(type(a))
#模擬map()函數(shù)
def myMap(func,li):
  resList = []
  for n in li:
    res = func(n)
    resList.append(res)

from functools import reduce
'''
求1!+2!+3!+...+n!之和
'''
num = int(input("請(qǐng)輸入一個(gè)正數(shù)："))
def jiecheng(n):
  ji = 1
  for i in range(1,n+1):
    ji *= i
  return ji
list1 = reduce(lambda x,y: x + y ,map(jiecheng,range(1,num+1)))
print(list1)

'''
語法：
filter(func,lsd)
參數(shù)一：函數(shù)名
參數(shù)二：序列
功能：用于過濾序列
簡(jiǎn)單理解：把傳入的函數(shù)依次作用于序列的每一個(gè)元素，根據(jù)返回的True還是False，決定是否保留該元素。
'''
#需求：將列表中的偶數(shù)篩選出來。
list1 = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]
#篩選條件
def func(num):
  #保留偶數(shù)元素
  if num%2 == 0:
    return True
  #剔除奇數(shù)元素
  return False
list2 = filter(func,list1)
print(list2)
print(list(list2))
print(list1)

data= [["姓名","年齡","愛好"],["tom", 25, "無"],["hanmeimei", 26, "金錢"]]
def filterWu(list1):
  for i in list1:
    if i == "無":
      return False
  return True
dataFilter = list(filter(filterWu,data))
print(dataFilter)

import calendar
print(list(filter(calendar.isleap,range(2000,2020))))

#排序
#第一類：冒泡 選擇
#第二類：快速，插入，計(jì)數(shù)器
#注意：如果數(shù)據(jù)量小的情況下，上述兩類用法的效率基本相同，但是，如果數(shù)據(jù)量大的情況下，第一類的效率很低
#1.普通排序
list1 = [4,3,5,6,1]
#默認(rèn)為升序排序
list2 = sorted(list1)
print(list2)
#2.按絕對(duì)值大小排序
list3 = [4，-3，5，2，-9]
#key接受函數(shù)來實(shí)現(xiàn)自定義排序規(guī)則
#abs表示通過絕對(duì)值進(jìn)行排序
list4 = sorted(list3, key=abs)
#利用map可以實(shí)現(xiàn)取絕對(duì)值之后的排序
list5 = sorted(map(abs,list3))
print(list3)
print(list4)
print(list5)
#3.降序排序
list5 = [2,1,4,5,6,7]
#通過設(shè)置reverse=True來表示反轉(zhuǎn)
list6 = sorted(list5,reverse=True)
print(list5)
print(list6)
list7 = ['a','b','c','d']
list8 = sorted(list7)
print(list7)
#同樣也可以實(shí)現(xiàn)升序排列，結(jié)果為abcd，排序依據(jù)為ASCII值
print(list8)
#自定義函數(shù)：按照字符串的長(zhǎng)短來進(jìn)行排序
def myLen(str1)：
  return len(str1)
list7 = ['sddd','dded','et54y5','6576986oy','sa','sda']
#使用自定義函數(shù)，進(jìn)行排序，key=函數(shù)名
list8 = sorted(list7, key = myLen)
print(list7)
print(list8)

class Student(object):
  def __init__(self,name,age):
    self.name = name
    self.age = age
  def __str__(self):
    return self.name +" "+ str(self.age)
stu1 = Student('lili1',18)
stu2 = Student('lili2',19)
stu3 = Student('lili3',17)
stu4 = Student('lili4',20)
stu5 = Student('lili5',20)
list2 = [stu1,stu2,stu3,stu4,stu5]
def com(Student):
  return Student.age
list3 = sorted(list2,key=lambda Student: Student.age)
for i in list3:
  print(i)