Python關(guān)于excel和shp的使用在matplotlib

更新時間：2019年01月03日 11:29:54 作者：staHuri

今天小編就為大家分享一篇關(guān)于Python關(guān)于excel和shp的使用在matplotlib，小編覺得內(nèi)容挺不錯的，現(xiàn)在分享給大家，具有很好的參考價值，需要的朋友一起跟隨小編來看看吧

關(guān)于excel和shp的使用在matplotlib

使用pandas 對excel進(jìn)行簡單操作
使用cartopy 讀取shpfile 展示到matplotlib中
利用shpfile文件中的一些字段進(jìn)行一些著色處理

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @File : map02.py
# @Author: huifer
# @Date : 2018/6/28
import folium
import pandas as pd
import requests
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import cartopy.crs as ccrs
import zipfile
import cartopy.io.shapereader as shaperead
from matplotlib import cm
from cartopy.mpl.ticker import LongitudeFormatter, LatitudeFormatter
import os
dataurl = "http://image.data.cma.cn/static/doc/A/A.0012.0001/SURF_CHN_MUL_HOR_STATION.xlsx"
shpurl = "http://www.naturalearthdata.com/http//www.naturalearthdata.com/download/10m/cultural/ne_10m_admin_0_countries.zip"
def download_file(url):
  """
  根據(jù)url下載文件
  :param url: str
  """
  r = requests.get(url, allow_redirects=True)
  try:
    open(url.split('/')[-1], 'wb').write(r.content)
  except Exception as e:
    print(e)
def degree_conversion_decimal(x):
  """
  度分轉(zhuǎn)換成十進(jìn)制
  :param x: float
  :return: integer float
  """
  integer = int(x)
  integer = integer + (x - integer) * 1.66666667
  return integer
def unzip(zip_path, out_path):
  """
  解壓zip
  :param zip_path:str
  :param out_path: str
  :return:
  """
  zip_ref = zipfile.ZipFile(zip_path, 'r')
  zip_ref.extractall(out_path)
  zip_ref.close()
def get_record(shp, key, value):
  countries = shp.records()
  result = [country for country in countries if country.attributes[key] == value]
  countries = shp.records()
  return result
def read_excel(path):
  data = pd.read_excel(path)
  # print(data.head(10)) # 獲取幾行
  # print(data.ix[data['省份']=='浙江',:].shape[0]) # 計數(shù)工具
  # print(data.sort_values('觀測場拔海高度（米）',ascending=False).head(10))# 根據(jù)值排序
  # 判斷經(jīng)緯度是什么格式(度分 、 十進(jìn)制) 判斷依據(jù) %0.2f 是否大于60
  # print(data['經(jīng)度'].apply(lambda x:x-int(x)).sort_values(ascending=False).head()) # 結(jié)果判斷為度分保存
  # 坐標(biāo)處理
  data['經(jīng)度'] = data['經(jīng)度'].apply(degree_conversion_decimal)
  data['緯度'] = data['緯度'].apply(degree_conversion_decimal)
  ax = plt.axes(projection=ccrs.PlateCarree())
  ax.set_extent([70, 140, 15, 55])
  ax.stock_img()
  ax.scatter(data['經(jīng)度'], data['緯度'], s=0.3, c='g')
  # shp = shaperead.Reader('ne_10m_admin_0_countries/ne_10m_admin_0_countries.shp')
  # # 抽取函數(shù) 州：國家
  # city_list = [country for country in countries if country.attributes['ADMIN'] == 'China']
  # countries = shp.records()
  plt.savefig('test.png')
  plt.show()
def gdp(shp_path):
  """
  GDP 著色圖
  :return:
  """
  shp = shaperead.Reader(shp_path)
  cas = get_record(shp, 'SUBREGION', 'Central Asia')
  gdp = [r.attributes['GDP_MD_EST'] for r in cas]
  gdp_min = min(gdp)
  gdp_max = max(gdp)
  ax = plt.axes(projection=ccrs.PlateCarree())
  ax.set_extent([45, 90, 35, 55])
  for r in cas:
    color = cm.Greens((r.attributes['GDP_MD_EST'] - gdp_min) / (gdp_max - gdp_min))
    ax.add_geometries(r.geometry, ccrs.PlateCarree(),
             facecolor=color, edgecolor='black', linewidth=0.5)
    ax.text(r.geometry.centroid.x, r.geometry.centroid.y, r.attributes['ADMIN'],
        horizontalalignment='center',
        verticalalignment='center',
        transform=ccrs.Geodetic())
  ax.set_xticks([45, 55, 65, 75, 85], crs=ccrs.PlateCarree()) # x坐標(biāo)標(biāo)注
  ax.set_yticks([35, 45, 55], crs=ccrs.PlateCarree()) # y 坐標(biāo)標(biāo)注
  lon_formatter = LongitudeFormatter(zero_direction_label=True)
  lat_formatter = LatitudeFormatter()
  ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(lon_formatter)
  ax.yaxis.set_major_formatter(lat_formatter)
  plt.title('GDP TEST')
  plt.savefig("gdb.png")
  plt.show()
def run_excel():
  if os.path.exists("SURF_CHN_MUL_HOR_STATION.xlsx"):
    read_excel("SURF_CHN_MUL_HOR_STATION.xlsx")
  else:
    download_file(dataurl)
    read_excel("SURF_CHN_MUL_HOR_STATION.xlsx")
def run_shp():
  if os.path.exists("ne_10m_admin_0_countries"):
    gdp("ne_10m_admin_0_countries/ne_10m_admin_0_countries.shp")
  else:
    download_file(shpurl)
    unzip('ne_10m_admin_0_countries.zip', "ne_10m_admin_0_countries")
    gdp("ne_10m_admin_0_countries/ne_10m_admin_0_countries.shp")
if __name__ == '__main__':
  # download_file(dataurl)
  # download_file(shpurl)
  # cas = get_record('SUBREGION', 'Central Asia')
  # print([r.attributes['ADMIN'] for r in cas])
  # read_excel('SURF_CHN_MUL_HOR_STATION.xlsx')
  # gdp()
  run_excel()
  run_shp()