// 通過唯一標示符獲取認證模型
public function retrieveById($identifier);
// 通過唯一標示符和 remember token 獲取模型
public function retrieveByToken($identifier, $token);
// 通過給定的認證模型更新 remember token
public function updateRememberToken(Authenticatable $user, $token);
// 通過給定的憑證獲取用戶，比如 email 或用戶名等等
public function retrieveByCredentials(array $credentials);
// 認證給定的用戶和給定的憑證是否符合
public function validateCredentials(Authenticatable $user, array $credentials);

<?php

namespace App\Auth;

use App\Models\User;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Authenticatable;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\UserProvider as Provider;

class UserProvider implements Provider
{

 /**
 * Retrieve a user by their unique identifier.
 * @param mixed $identifier
 * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Authenticatable|null
 */
 public function retrieveById($identifier)
 {
 return app(User::class)::getUserByGuId($identifier);
 }

 /**
 * Retrieve a user by their unique identifier and "remember me" token.
 * @param mixed $identifier
 * @param string $token
 * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Authenticatable|null
 */
 public function retrieveByToken($identifier, $token)
 {
 return null;
 }

 /**
 * Update the "remember me" token for the given user in storage.
 * @param \Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Authenticatable $user
 * @param string   $token
 * @return bool
 */
 public function updateRememberToken(Authenticatable $user, $token)
 {
 return true;
 }

 /**
 * Retrieve a user by the given credentials.
 * @param array $credentials
 * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Authenticatable|null
 */
 public function retrieveByCredentials(array $credentials)
 {
 if ( !isset($credentials['api_token'])) {
 return null;
 }

 return app(User::class)::getUserByToken($credentials['api_token']);
 }

 /**
 * Rules a user against the given credentials.
 * @param \Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Authenticatable $user
 * @param array   $credentials
 * @return bool
 */
 public function validateCredentials(Authenticatable $user, array $credentials)
 {
 if ( !isset($credentials['api_token'])) {
 return false;
 }

 return true;
 }
}

<?php
.
.
.
// 獲取唯一標識的，可以用來認證的字段名，比如 id，uuid
public function getAuthIdentifierName();
// 獲取該標示符對應的值
public function getAuthIdentifier();
// 獲取認證的密碼
public function getAuthPassword();
// 獲取remember token
public function getRememberToken();
// 設置 remember token
public function setRememberToken($value);
// 獲取 remember token 對應的字段名，比如默認的 'remember_token'
public function getRememberTokenName();
.
.
.

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use App\Exceptions\RestApiException;
use App\Models\Abstracts\RestApiModel;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Authenticatable;

class User extends RestApiModel implements Authenticatable
{

 protected $primaryKey = 'guid';

 public $incrementing = false;

 protected $keyType = 'string';

 /**
 * 獲取唯一標識的，可以用來認證的字段名，比如 id，guid
 * @return string
 */
 public function getAuthIdentifierName()
 {
 return $this->primaryKey;
 }

 /**
 * 獲取主鍵的值
 * @return mixed
 */
 public function getAuthIdentifier()
 {
 $id = $this->{$this->getAuthIdentifierName()};
 return $id;
 }


 public function getAuthPassword()
 {
 return '';
 }

 public function getRememberToken()
 {
 return '';
 }

 public function setRememberToken($value)
 {
 return true;
 }

 public function getRememberTokenName()
 {
 return '';
 }

 protected static function getBaseUri()
 {
 return config('api-host.user');
 }

 public static $apiMap = [
 'getUserByToken' => ['method' => 'GET', 'path' => 'login/user/token'],
 'getUserByGuId' => ['method' => 'GET', 'path' => 'user/guid/:guid'],
 ];


 /**
 * 獲取用戶信息 (by guid)
 * @param string $guid
 * @return User|null
 */
 public static function getUserByGuId(string $guid)
 {
 try {
 $response = self::getItem('getUserByGuId', [
 ':guid' => $guid
 ]);
 } catch (RestApiException $e) {
 return null;
 }

 return $response;
 }


 /**
 * 獲取用戶信息 (by token)
 * @param string $token
 * @return User|null
 */
 public static function getUserByToken(string $token)
 {
 try {
 $response = self::getItem('getUserByToken', [
 'Authorization' => $token
 ]);
 } catch (RestApiException $e) {
 return null;
 }

 return $response;
 }
}

// 判斷當前用戶是否登錄
public function check();
// 判斷當前用戶是否是游客（未登錄）
public function guest();
// 獲取當前認證的用戶
public function user();
// 獲取當前認證用戶的 id，嚴格來說不一定是 id，應該是上個模型中定義的唯一的字段名
public function id();
// 根據提供的消息認證用戶
public function validate(array $credentials = []);
// 設置當前用戶
public function setUser(Authenticatable $user);

// 嘗試根據提供的憑證驗證用戶是否合法
public function attempt(array $credentials = [], $remember = false);
// 一次性登錄，不記錄session or cookie
public function once(array $credentials = []);
// 登錄用戶，通常在驗證成功后記錄 session 和 cookie 
public function login(Authenticatable $user, $remember = false);
// 使用用戶 id 登錄
public function loginUsingId($id, $remember = false);
// 使用用戶 ID 登錄，但是不記錄 session 和 cookie
public function onceUsingId($id);
// 通過 cookie 中的 remember token 自動登錄
public function viaRemember();
// 登出
public function logout();

<?php

namespace App\Auth;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Illuminate\Auth\GuardHelpers;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Guard;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\UserProvider;

class UserGuard implements Guard

{
 use GuardHelpers;

 protected $user = null;

 protected $request;

 protected $provider;

 /**
 * The name of the query string item from the request containing the API token.
 *
 * @var string
 */
 protected $inputKey;

 /**
 * The name of the token "column" in persistent storage.
 *
 * @var string
 */
 protected $storageKey;

 /**
 * The user we last attempted to retrieve
 * @var
 */
 protected $lastAttempted;

 /**
 * UserGuard constructor.
 * @param UserProvider $provider
 * @param Request $request
 * @return void
 */
 public function __construct(UserProvider $provider, Request $request = null)
 {
 $this->request = $request;
 $this->provider = $provider;
 $this->inputKey = 'Authorization';
 $this->storageKey = 'api_token';
 }

 /**
 * Get the currently authenticated user.
 * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Authenticatable|null
 */
 public function user()
 {
 if(!is_null($this->user)) {
  return $this->user;
 }

 $user = null;

 $token = $this->getTokenForRequest();

 if(!empty($token)) {
  $user = $this->provider->retrieveByCredentials(
  [$this->storageKey => $token]
  );
 }

 return $this->user = $user;
 }

 /**
 * Rules a user's credentials.
 * @param array $credentials
 * @return bool
 */
 public function validate(array $credentials = [])
 {
 if (empty($credentials[$this->inputKey])) {
  return false;
 }

 $credentials = [$this->storageKey => $credentials[$this->inputKey]];

 $this->lastAttempted = $user = $this->provider->retrieveByCredentials($credentials);

 return $this->hasValidCredentials($user, $credentials);
 }

 /**
 * Determine if the user matches the credentials.
 * @param mixed $user
 * @param array $credentials
 * @return bool
 */
 protected function hasValidCredentials($user, $credentials)
 {
 return !is_null($user) && $this->provider->validateCredentials($user, $credentials);
 }


 /**
 * Get the token for the current request.
 * @return string
 */
 public function getTokenForRequest()
 {
 $token = $this->request->header($this->inputKey);

 return $token;
 }

 /**
 * Set the current request instance.
 *
 * @param \Illuminate\Http\Request $request
 * @return $this
 */
 public function setRequest(Request $request)
 {
 $this->request = $request;

 return $this;
 }
}

<?php
.
.
.
// auth:api -> token provider.
Auth::provider('token', function() {
 return app(UserProvider::class);
});

// auth:api -> token guard.
// @throw \Exception
Auth::extend('token', function($app, $name, array $config) {
 if($name === 'api') {
 return app()->make(UserGuard::class, [
 'provider' => Auth::createUserProvider($config['provider']),
 'request' => $app->request,
 ]);
 }
 throw new \Exception('This guard only serves "auth:api".');
});
.
.
.

<?php

return [

 /*
 |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 | Authentication Defaults
 |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 |
 | This option controls the default authentication "guard" and password
 | reset options for your application. You may change these defaults
 | as required, but they're a perfect start for most applications.
 |
 */

 'defaults' => [
 'guard' => 'api',
 'passwords' => 'users',
 ],

 /*
 |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 | Authentication Guards
 |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 |
 | Next, you may define every authentication guard for your application.
 | Of course, a great default configuration has been defined for you
 | here which uses session storage and the Eloquent user provider.
 |
 | All authentication drivers have a user provider. This defines how the
 | users are actually retrieved out of your database or other storage
 | mechanisms used by this application to persist your user's data.
 |
 | Supported: "session", "token"
 |
 */

 'guards' => [
 'web' => [
  'driver' => 'session',
  'provider' => 'users',
 ],

 'api' => [
  'driver' => 'token',
  'provider' => 'token',
 ],
 ],

 /*
 |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 | User Providers
 |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 |
 | All authentication drivers have a user provider. This defines how the
 | users are actually retrieved out of your database or other storage
 | mechanisms used by this application to persist your user's data.
 |
 | If you have multiple user tables or models you may configure multiple
 | sources which represent each model / table. These sources may then
 | be assigned to any extra authentication guards you have defined.
 |
 | Supported: "database", "eloquent"
 |
 */

 'providers' => [
 'users' => [
  'driver' => 'eloquent',
  'model' => App\Models\User::class,
 ],

 'token' => [
  'driver' => 'token',
  'model' => App\Models\User::class,
 ],
 ],

 /*
 |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 | Resetting Passwords
 |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 |
 | You may specify multiple password reset configurations if you have more
 | than one user table or model in the application and you want to have
 | separate password reset settings based on the specific user types.
 |
 | The expire time is the number of minutes that the reset token should be
 | considered valid. This security feature keeps tokens short-lived so
 | they have less time to be guessed. You may change this as needed.
 |
 */

 'passwords' => [
 'users' => [
  'provider' => 'users',
  'table' => 'password_resets',
  'expire' => 60,
 ],
 ],

];