CentOS6.5環(huán)境安裝nginx服務(wù)器及負(fù)載均衡配置操作詳解

更新時(shí)間：2018年04月08日 11:06:44 作者：ASIH

這篇文章主要介紹了CentOS6.5環(huán)境安裝nginx服務(wù)器及負(fù)載均衡配置操作,結(jié)合實(shí)例形式較為詳細(xì)的分析了CentOS6.5環(huán)境安裝nginx服務(wù)器及負(fù)載均衡配置具體步驟、命令與相關(guān)問題解決方法,需要的朋友可以參考下

本文實(shí)例講述了CentOS6.5環(huán)境安裝nginx服務(wù)器及負(fù)載均衡配置操作。分享給大家供大家參考，具體如下：

1、下載PCRE，是一個(gè)用C語言編寫的正則表達(dá)式函數(shù)庫

[root@localhost pcre-8.36]# cd /tmp/download/
[root@localhost download]# wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.37/pcre-8.37.tar.gz
[root@localhost download]# tar zxvf pcre-8.36.tar.gz

2、下載zlib庫

[root@localhost pcre-8.36]# cd /tmp/download/
[root@localhost download]# wget http://ncu.dl.sourceforge.net/project/libpng/zlib/1.2.8/zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz
[root@localhost download]# tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz cd zlib-1.2.8

4、下載SSL

[root@localhost zlib-1.2.8]# cd ..
[root@localhost download]# wget http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.1p.tar.gz
[root@localhost download]# cd openssl-1.0.1c
[root@localhost openssl-1.0.1c]# tar -zxvf openssl-1.0.1c.tar.gz

5、下載nginx

[root@localhost download]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.8.tar.gz
[root@localhost download]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.2.8.tar.gz

6、安裝

[root@localhost download]mv pcre-8.36 /usr/local/
[root@localhost download]mv zlib-1.2.8 /usr/local/
[root@localhost download]mv openssl-1.0.1c /usr/local/
[root@localhost download]mv nginx-1.2.8 /usr/local/
[root@localhost download]cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# cd pcre-8.36
[root@localhost pcre-8.36]# ./configure&&make&&make install
[root@localhost pcre-8.36] cd ../zlib-1.2.8
[root@localhost zlib-1.2.8]# ./configure && make && make install
[root@localhost zlib-1.2.8]# cd ../openssl-1.0.1c
[root@localhost openssl-1.0.1c]# ./config && make && make install
[root@localhost openssl-1.0.1c]# cd ../nginx-1.2.8
[root@localhost nginx-1.2.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx && make && make install

7、啟動(dòng)nginx

[root@localhost nginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

8、測(cè)試

在確?？梢赃B接到服務(wù)器的電腦上，瀏覽器輸入裝了nginx的機(jī)器的ip地址，會(huì)看到Welcome to nginx!的提示說明安裝配配置成功了。

9、設(shè)置開機(jī)自動(dòng)啟動(dòng)（shell腳本處理）

[root@localhost logs]# vi /etc/init.d/nginx

添加以下shell腳本。

#!/bin/bash
# nginx Startup script for the Nginx HTTP Server
# it is v.0.0.2 version.
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is a high-performance web and proxy server.
#       It has a lot of features, but it's not for everyone.
# processname: nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginxd=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx_config=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginx_pid=/var/run/nginx.pid
RETVAL=0
prog="nginx"
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0
[ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0
# Start nginx daemons functions.
start() {
if [ -e $nginx_pid ];then
  echo "nginx already running...."
  exit 1
fi
  echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
  daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config}
  RETVAL=$?
  echo
  [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx
  return $RETVAL
}
# Stop nginx daemons functions.
stop() {
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    killproc $nginxd
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
    [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /var/run/nginx.pid
}
# reload nginx service functions.
reload() {
  echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
  #kill -HUP `cat ${nginx_pid}`
  killproc $nginxd -HUP
  RETVAL=$?
  echo
}
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
    start
    ;;
stop)
    stop
    ;;
reload)
    reload
    ;;
restart)
    stop
    start
    ;;
status)
    status $prog
    RETVAL=$?
    ;;
*)
    echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}"
    exit 1
esac
exit $RETVAL

保存后，設(shè)置權(quán)限讓所有人可以操作。

[root@localhost ~]# chmod a+x /etc/init.d/nginx
[root@localhost logs]# /etc/init.d/nginx status
nginx (pid 2417 2416) is running...
[root@localhost logs]# /etc/init.d/nginx stop
Stopping nginx: [ OK ]
[root@localhost logs]# /etc/init.d/nginx start
Starting nginx: [ OK ]
[root@localhost logs]# /etc/init.d/nginx status
nginx (pid 2454 2452) is running...
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/rc.local

添加：

/etc/init.d/nginx start

重啟電腦就會(huì)生效。

注意：腳本里面關(guān)于啟動(dòng)目錄的，如果你的安裝地址不一樣，要進(jìn)行修改。

負(fù)載均衡配置：

現(xiàn)有兩部服務(wù)器：

192.168.137.197     （按照以上操作安裝有nginx，作為轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)機(jī)，虛擬機(jī)）
192.168.137.33     （無安裝nginx，運(yùn)行有測(cè)試用的web工程，虛擬機(jī)）
10.10.33.59    （無安裝nginx，運(yùn)行有測(cè)試用的web工程，本地電腦地址）
，運(yùn)行有測(cè)試用的web工程
127.0.0.1 web_app

[root@a conf]# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

配置如下展示：

worker_processes 8;
pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 102400;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 102400;
}
http
{
 include    mime.types;
 default_type application/octet-stream;
 fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
 charset utf-8;
 server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
 client_header_buffer_size 4k;
 large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
 client_max_body_size 300m;
 sendfile on;
 tcp_nopush   on;
 keepalive_timeout 60;
 tcp_nodelay on;
 client_body_buffer_size 512k;
 proxy_connect_timeout  5;
 proxy_read_timeout    60;
 proxy_send_timeout    5;
 proxy_buffer_size    16k;
 proxy_buffers      4 64k;
 proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;
 proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k;
 gzip on;
 gzip_min_length 1k;
 gzip_buffers   4 16k;
 gzip_http_version 1.1;
 gzip_comp_level 2;
 gzip_types    text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
 gzip_vary on;
###2012-12-19 change nginx logs
log_format main '$http_x_forwarded_for - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
       '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
       '"$http_user_agent" $request_time $remote_addr';
upstream web_app {
server 192.168.137.197:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 192.168.137.33:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 10.10.33.59:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
}
####chinaapp.sinaapp.com
server {
  listen 80;
  server_name chinaapp.sinaapp.com;
  index index.jsp index.html index.htm;
  #發(fā)布目錄/data/www
  root /data/www;
  location /
  {
  proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;
  proxy_set_header Host $host;
  proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
  proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
  proxy_pass http://web_app;
  expires   3d;
  }
 }
}

設(shè)置host：

[root@a conf]# vi /etc/hosts

添加hosts：

127.0.0.1 web_app

啟動(dòng)nginx

[root@localhost nginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

啟動(dòng)三部服務(wù)器的web應(yīng)用：

在192.168.137.197執(zhí)行指令：

[root@a PROGRAM]# curl "http://web_app/index.jsp"

測(cè)試結(jié)果如下：

常見問題及解決辦法：

1、安裝PCRE時(shí)提示configure: error: You need a C++ compiler for C++ support.

原因是沒有安裝c++編譯器，采用下面的命令安裝：

[root@localhost pcre-8.37]# yum install -y gcc gcc-c++

2、啟動(dòng)nginx失敗

[root@localhost nginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx: error while loading shared libraries: libpcre.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

原因是64bit的系統(tǒng)，但是默認(rèn)取了/usr/local/lib里面的包

檢查方法：

[root@localhost nginx]# cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# ls /lib64/ |grep pcre
libpcre.so.0
libpcre.so.0.0.1
[root@localhost local]# ls /lib/ |grep pcre

說明缺失的包在lib64

設(shè)置軟連接來解決：

[root@localhost local]# ln -s /lib64/libpcre.so.0.0.1 /lib64/libpcre.so.1
[root@localhost local]# cd nginx
[root@localhost nginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

3、啟動(dòng)報(bào)錯(cuò)：

報(bào)錯(cuò)：nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)

解決辦法：sudo fuser -k 80/tcp

端口被占用，關(guān)閉占用端口

希望本文所述對(duì)大家CentOS服務(wù)器配置有所幫助。

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