python 3.6 tkinter+urllib+json實(shí)現(xiàn)火車車次信息查詢功能

更新時(shí)間：2017年12月20日 11:27:51 作者：陳月白

這篇文章主要介紹了python 3.6 tkinter+urllib+json 火車車次信息查詢功能，本文以查詢火車車次至南京的信息為例,需要的朋友可以參考下

一、概述

妹子工作時(shí)需要大量地查詢火車車次至南京的信息，包括該車次到達(dá)站（南京站or南京南站）、到達(dá)時(shí)間、出發(fā)時(shí)間等，然后根據(jù)這些信息做下一步工作。

版本結(jié)束，趁著間歇期，幫她弄了個(gè)簡(jiǎn)易的批量查詢工具，粉色的按鈕是給她用的~哈哈哈！ (๑*◡*๑)

大概80行代碼，主要是：

界面讀取待查詢車次 - - - - 調(diào)用車次信息接口- - - - 解析返回?cái)?shù)據(jù) - - - - 組裝結(jié)果 - - - - 封裝到界面（tkinter）

python+tkinter實(shí)現(xiàn)界面，詳見之前的學(xué)習(xí)筆記：http://www.dhdzp.com/article/131059.htm

最終效果圖：

二、實(shí)現(xiàn)

1.界面讀取待查詢車次

之前總結(jié)過使用tkinter實(shí)現(xiàn)GUI，詳見之前的筆記：http://www.dhdzp.com/article/131059.htm

2.調(diào)用車次信息接口

題外話，之前是做的從界面讀取待查詢車次信息，然后構(gòu)造成攜程的查詢url，取到數(shù)據(jù)后篩選信息；

但后續(xù)在取到頁面數(shù)據(jù)后，decode時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)總拋解碼異常，百度之，原因是頁面源碼中編碼格式有多樣，decode時(shí)需要加個(gè)錯(cuò)誤跳過參數(shù)。。

但車次信息恰巧在跳過之列。。。

但是已經(jīng)跟妹子說很快就能搞好（裝b），于是就直接申請(qǐng)了某第三方平臺(tái)的接口 QAQ

網(wǎng)上查了下，免費(fèi)的接口基本都不提供服務(wù)了。于是用的某第三方平臺(tái)的接口（某速數(shù)據(jù)），注冊(cè)贈(zèng)1000條，續(xù)費(fèi)5元1W條（暫時(shí)沒續(xù)=。=）

 #調(diào)用車次信息接口，獲取車次信息
 def getTrainScheduleInfo(self,trainSchedule):
  trainBaseInfo = ""
  #拼接URL
  url = "http://api.xxxx.com/train/line?appkey=xxxxxx&trainno=" + trainSchedule
  #print(url)
  #獲取數(shù)據(jù)
  try:
   trainBaseInfo = self.send_GET_request(url)　　#發(fā)送GET請(qǐng)求，python3.X是用urllib.request庫，網(wǎng)上很多
  except:
   print("ERROR:FUNC getTrainScheduleInfo select_items_from_url failed.url = %s ,flag = %s"%(trainSchedule))
  return trainBaseInfo

3.解析返回?cái)?shù)據(jù)

返回?cái)?shù)據(jù)為json類型的字符串，直接json.loads后，解析即可

#獲取所有待查詢車次信息
  allTrainResultDic = {}  #車次查詢結(jié)果集合
  for trainSchedule in trainScheduleList:
   trainBaseInfo = self.getTrainScheduleInfo(trainSchedule)  #json string
   # #----測(cè)試----
   # trainBaseInfo = '''{"status":"0","msg":"ok","result":{"trainno":"G8","type":"高鐵","list":[{"sequenceno":"1","station":"上海虹橋","day":"1","arrivaltime":"----","departuretime":"19:00","stoptime":"0","costtime":"0","distance":"0","isend":"0","pricesw":"","pricetd":"","pricegr1":"","pricegr2":"","pricerw1":"0","pricerw2":"0","priceyw1":"0","priceyw2":"0","priceyw3":"0","priceyd":"0.0","priceed":"0.0"},{"sequenceno":"2","station":"南京南","day":"1","arrivaltime":"20:00","departuretime":"20:02","stoptime":"2","costtime":"60","distance":"295","isend":"0","pricesw":"429.5","pricetd":"0","pricegr1":"0","pricegr2":"0","pricerw1":"0","pricerw2":"0","priceyw1":"0","priceyw2":"0","priceyw3":"0","priceyd":"229.5","priceed":"134.5"},{"sequenceno":"3","station":"濟(jì)南西","day":"1","arrivaltime":"21:59","departuretime":"22:01","stoptime":"2","costtime":"179","distance":"0","isend":"0","pricesw":"1263.5","pricetd":"","pricegr1":"","pricegr2":"","pricerw1":"0","pricerw2":"0","priceyw1":"0","priceyw2":"0","priceyw3":"0","priceyd":"673.5","priceed":"398.5"},{"sequenceno":"4","station":"天津南","day":"1","arrivaltime":"22:59","departuretime":"23:01","stoptime":"2","costtime":"239","distance":"0","isend":"0","pricesw":"1603.5","pricetd":"","pricegr1":"","pricegr2":"","pricerw1":"0","pricerw2":"0","priceyw1":"0","priceyw2":"0","priceyw3":"0","priceyd":"853.5","priceed":"508.5"},{"sequenceno":"5","station":"北京南","day":"1","arrivaltime":"23:34","departuretime":"23:34","stoptime":"0","costtime":"274","distance":"0","isend":"1","pricesw":"1748","pricetd":"","pricegr1":"","pricegr2":"","pricerw1":"0","pricerw2":"0","priceyw1":"0","priceyw2":"0","priceyw3":"0","priceyd":"933.0","priceed":"553.0","costtimetxt":"4時(shí)34分"}]}}'''
   # #----測(cè)試----
   print("trainBaseInfo =",trainBaseInfo)
   #解析
   if trainBaseInfo:
    try:
     trainBaseInfo_loads = json.loads(trainBaseInfo)
     if trainBaseInfo_loads["status"] == "0":
      resultNodeValue = trainBaseInfo_loads["result"]
      trainnoNodeValue = resultNodeValue["trainno"]  #查詢車次代碼
      typeNodeValue = resultNodeValue["type"]   #車次類型
      listNodeValue = resultNodeValue["list"]   #途徑站點(diǎn)信息集合 list
      #篩選出途經(jīng)南京、南京南
      for trainInfo in listNodeValue:
       if (cityName1 in trainInfo.values()) or (cityName2 in trainInfo.values()):
        #解析數(shù)據(jù)
        arrivedStation = trainInfo["station"]   #到達(dá)站
        arrivedTime = trainInfo["arrivaltime"]  #到站時(shí)間
        leaveTime = trainInfo["departuretime"]  #離站時(shí)間
        if arrivedStation == "南京":
         arrivedStation = "南京站"  
        # 存儲(chǔ)該車次查詢結(jié)果
        trainResult = []
        trainResult.append(arrivedStation)
        trainResult.append(arrivedTime)
        trainResult.append(leaveTime)
        trainResult.append(typeNodeValue)
        allTrainResultDic[trainSchedule] = trainResult
       else:
        #self.write_log_to_Text("ERROR:車次: %s 無途徑南京站信息，跳過" % trainSchedule)
        continue
     else:
      self.write_log_to_Text("ERROR:車次: %s 檢查返回?cái)?shù)據(jù)狀態(tài)碼不為0，跳過" % trainSchedule)
      continue
    except:
     self.write_log_to_Text("ERROR:車次：%s 返回的json串失敗 "% trainSchedule)
   else:
    self.write_log_to_Text("ERROR:車次: %s 查詢接口返回信息為空，已跳過"%trainSchedule)
    continue
  print(allTrainResultDic)

4.組裝結(jié)果、界面輸出

 #組裝結(jié)果界面輸出
  self.result_data_Text.delete(1.0, END)
  head = "車次 南京到達(dá)站 到站時(shí)間 離站時(shí)間  類型"
  self.result_data_Text.insert(1.0, head)
  for train in allTrainResultDic.keys():
   outMsg = "\n" + "-" * 52 + "\n" + "%4s"%train + "%9s"%allTrainResultDic[train][0] + "%13s"%allTrainResultDic[train][1] + "%12s"%allTrainResultDic[train][2] + "%8s"%allTrainResultDic[train][3]
   self.result_data_Text.insert(END,outMsg)
  self.write_log_to_Text("INFO：獲取火車至南京信息完成")

總結(jié)

以上所述是小編給大家介紹的python 3.6 tkinter+urllib+json實(shí)現(xiàn)火車車次信息查詢功能，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助，如果大家有任何疑問請(qǐng)給我留言，小編會(huì)及時(shí)回復(fù)大家的。在此也非常感謝大家對(duì)腳本之家網(wǎng)站的支持！

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