ajax用json實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸

更新時(shí)間：2017年03月03日 09:02:28 作者：濫好人

本文主要介紹了ajax用json實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)姆椒?，具有很好的參考價(jià)值。下面跟著小編一起來(lái)看下吧

JSON(JavaScript Object Notation) 是一種輕量級(jí)的數(shù)據(jù)交換格式。它基于ECMAScript的一個(gè)子集。 JSON采用完全獨(dú)立于語(yǔ)言的文本格式，但是也使用了類似于C語(yǔ)言家族的習(xí)慣（包括C、C++、C#、Java、JavaScript、Perl、Python等）。這些特性使JSON成為理想的數(shù)據(jù)交換語(yǔ)言。易于人閱讀和編寫，同時(shí)也易于機(jī)器解析和生成(一般用于提升網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸速率)。

json簡(jiǎn)單說(shuō)就是javascript中的對(duì)象和數(shù)組，所以這兩種結(jié)構(gòu)就是對(duì)象和數(shù)組兩種結(jié)構(gòu)，通過(guò)這兩種結(jié)構(gòu)可以表示各種復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu)。

1、對(duì)象：對(duì)象在js中表示為“{}”括起來(lái)的內(nèi)容，數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)為 {key：value,key：value,...}的鍵值對(duì)的結(jié)構(gòu)，在面向?qū)ο蟮恼Z(yǔ)言中，key為對(duì)象的屬性，value為對(duì)應(yīng)的屬性值，所以很容易理解，取值方法為對(duì)象.key 獲取屬性值，這個(gè)屬性值的類型可以是數(shù)字、字符串、數(shù)組、對(duì)象幾種。

2、數(shù)組：數(shù)組在js中是中括號(hào)“[]”括起來(lái)的內(nèi)容，數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)為 ["java","javascript","vb",...]，取值方式和所有語(yǔ)言中一樣，使用索引獲取，字段值的類型可以是數(shù)字、字符串、數(shù)組、對(duì)象幾種。

經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)象、數(shù)組2種結(jié)構(gòu)就可以組合成復(fù)雜的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)了。

使用JSON前需要先的導(dǎo)入json.jar包

傳輸單個(gè)對(duì)象：

新建一個(gè) servlet

package com.itnba.maya.a;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.json.JSONObject;
/**
 * Servlet implementation class C
 */
@WebServlet("/C")
public class C extends HttpServlet {
 private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
 /**
  * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
  */
 public C() {
  super();
  // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
 }
 /**
  * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
  */
 protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
  request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
  response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
  //模擬從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中查處
  Dog a=new Dog();
  a.setName("小黃");
  a.setAge(5);
  a.setZl("哈士奇");
  JSONObject obj=new JSONObject();
  obj.put("name", a.getName());
  obj.put("age", a.getAge());
  obj.put("zl", a.getZl());
  JSONObject bb=new JSONObject();
  bb.put("obj", obj);
  response.getWriter().append(bb.toString());
 }
 /**
  * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
  */
 protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  doGet(request, response);
 }
}

效果如下：

jsp頁(yè)面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
 pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.11.1.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(document).ready(function(){
 $("#k").click(function(){
  $.ajax({
   url:"C",
   data:{},
   type:"POST",
   dataType:"JSON",
   success:function(httpdata){
    $("#x").append("<li>"+httpdata.obj.name+"</li>");
    $("#x").append("<li>"+httpdata.obj.age+"</li>");
    $("#x").append("<li>"+httpdata.obj.zl+"</li>")
   }
  })
 });
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<span id="k">查看</span>
<h1>
<ul id="x">
</ul></h1>
</body>
</html>

效果如下：

傳輸集合或數(shù)組：

servlet：

package com.itnba.maya.a;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONObject;
/**
 * Servlet implementation class D
 */
@WebServlet("/D")
public class D extends HttpServlet {
 private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

 /**
  * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
  */
 public D() {
  super();
  // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
 }
 /**
  * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
  */
 protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
  request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
  response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
  //模擬從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中查出
  Dog a1=new Dog();
  a1.setName("小黃");
  a1.setAge(5);
  a1.setZl("哈士奇");
  Dog a2=new Dog();
  a2.setName("中黃");
  a2.setAge(6);
  a2.setZl("泰迪");
  Dog a3=new Dog();
  a3.setName("大黃");
  a3.setAge(7);
  a3.setZl("京巴");
  ArrayList<Dog> list=new ArrayList<Dog>();
  list.add(a1);
  list.add(a2);
  list.add(a3);
  JSONArray arr= new JSONArray();
  //遍歷集合
  for(Dog d:list){
   JSONObject obj=new JSONObject();
   obj.put("name", d.getName());
   obj.put("age", d.getAge());
   obj.put("zl", d.getZl());
   arr.put(obj);
  }
  response.getWriter().append(arr.toString());
 }
 /**
  * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
  */
 protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  doGet(request, response);
 }
}

效果如下：

jsp頁(yè)面：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
 pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.11.1.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(document).ready(function(){
 $("#k").click(function(){
  $.ajax({
   url:"D",
   data:{},
   type:"POST",
   dataType:"JSON",
   success:function(httpdata){
    for(var i=0;i<httpdata.length;i++){
     var n=httpdata[i].name
     var a=httpdata[i].age
     var z=httpdata[i].zl
     var tr="<tr>"
      tr+="<td>"+n+"</td>"
      tr+="<td>"+a+"</td>"
      tr+="<td>"+z+"</td>"
      tr+="</tr>"
      $("#x").append(tr)
    } 
   }
  })
 });
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<span id="k">查看</span>
<h1>
<table width="100%" id="x" border="1px">
</table>
</h1>
</body>
</html>

效果如下：